‘TECHNICAL STANDARDS AND OPERATING REQUIREMENTS
FOR
FM BROADCAST STATIONS IN THE PHILIPPINES
{4994 Revised Edition)
By:
TECHNICAL STANDARDS COMMITTEE.
of the
KAPISANAN NG MGA BRODKASTER SA PILIPINAS
ARCADIO CARANDANG, JR.
LEONCIO GALANG
CARLOS SALIUAN, JR.
ROMUALDO LINTAG ..
SALVADOR CASTILLO
‘ALFREDO CERALDE.
FILOMENO BABAS ..
ROLANDO AGBAY
ERNESTO CLAUDIO
Chairman,
‘Vice-Chairman
NTC Representative
Member
Member
Member
Member
Member
Member
ENDORSED BY:
Kihara 1g) Na Mea Kapisanan Ng Mga Brodkaster
‘sa Piipinat 82 Pilipinas
APPROVED BY:
aA a
Mi E. BENEDICTO Il
Commissioner
‘National Telecommunication CommissionTABLE OF CONTENTS
2
3. Allocation of Frequencies for FM
Broadcast Stations
4. Classes of FM Broadcast Stations...
5. Technical Requirements .
6. Broadcast Auxiliary Services
7. Operating Requirements ...
B
9.
FM Broadcast Translators and Signal Boosters ....
|. Public Information File
10. Annexes ..FM BROADCAST STANDARDS
4. INTRODUCTION
The Increasing Importance of the rate of FM.
broadcasting in the Philippines has encour
aged broadcast enginears and the National
‘Telecommunications Commission topool thelr
resources together and come up with tochni-
cal Standards and rules and regulations relat-
Ing to FM broadcast.
‘These technical standards and regulations
were derived from CCIR recomendations,
relevant engineering data and rules and regu-
lations of the Federal Communications Com
mission, and other data supplied by manufac:
‘turers of radio equipment and by licensees of
FM broadcast stations. These standards and
regulations shall be revised from time to time
tobe effective and compatible with technical
progress.
2. DEFINITION OF TERMS
2.1 FM broadeast band
‘That portion of the radio frequency
spectrum from 88 MHz to 108 MHz.
‘The band Is divided into 100 channels.
2.2 FM broadcast channel
‘A band of frequencies 200 kilohertz
wide and is designated by its center
frequency. Channels for FM broadcast
stations begin at 88.1 megahertz and
continue in successive steps of 200
ilohertz to and including 107.9 megs-
hertz.
2.3 FM broadcast station
‘Astation employing frequency mody-
lation in the FM broadcast band and
Intended to be received by the general
public,
2.4 Frequency Modulation
A system of modulation where the
Instantaneous frequency varies in pro-
portion tothe instantaneous amplitude
Of the modulating signal, and the in-
stantaneous radio frequency is inde-
Pendent of the frequency of the modu-
Jauing signet.
25 Center frequency
‘The camer frequency allocated by
‘the Authority,
2.6 Frequency Swing
The instantaneous departure ofthe
frequency of the emitted wave from the
center frequency resulting from mocu:
lation.
2.7 Antenna heignt above average
terrain (HAAT) means
a. The heightof the radiation centor
of the antenna above the terrain
3 to 46 kilometers from the an-
tena. (Generaily,a different an-
tena height will be determined
for each radial direction from the
antenna. ‘The average of these
various heights is considered as
the antenna helght above aver-
‘age terrain).
b. Where circular or elliptical polari-
zation is empleyed the antenna
height above average terrain shall
bbe based upon the helght of the
radiation center of the antenna
which transmits Ue horizontal
‘components of radiation.
2.8 Antenna fieid gain
‘The ratio of the effective free space
field Intensity produced at 1.6
Kilometers in the hortzontal plane ex-
‘pressed in milivalts per meter for one
(1) Kilowatt antenna input power, to
137.6 millivolts per meter.
29 Antenna power gain
The square of the ratlo of the raot-
‘mean-square free space field strength
produced at 1.6 kilometers inthe hori-
zontal plane, in millivolts per meter for
fone (2) Kilowatt antenna power, to
137.6 millivolts per meter. This ratio
‘should be expressed in decibels (a8).
AI specified for a particular direction,
‘antenna power gain is based on the
fleld strength in that drection ony).
2.40 Effective radiated power (ERP)
‘The product of te wansmitterpower
(Wensmitter output power less trans-
mission line loss) multiped by (a) the
antenna power gan of (b) the antenna
fleld gain squared, Where circular or
elliptical polarization is employed, the
term “effectve radiated power” Is