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Biochar Improvement of Impoverished Soils For Increased Crop Production PDF
Biochar Improvement of Impoverished Soils For Increased Crop Production PDF
• Introduction
• Biochar characteristics
• Benefits of biochar amendment to soil
• Agronomic benefits of biochar amendment
• The need for fundamental and applied research
• Current research work in UPM
• Issues and challenges in biochar utilization
Malaysian Soil
• Highly weathered (tropical
climate)
• Low organic matter
• Low plant nutrients (high
leaching due to high rainfall)
• Low nutrient retention
Atmospheric
Benefits
Soil
Benefits Viable Sustainable
By local Lehmann et
Wood - 708 10.9 65 6.8 0.9 - -
farmer al. (2003)
Green
6.2 680 1.7 400 0.2 1.0 15 <2 450°C
wastes Chan et al.
Poultry (2007)
9.9 380 20 19 25.2 22.1 11600 2 450°C
litter
Bridle and
Sewage
- 470 64 7 56 - - - 450°C Pritchard
sludge
(2004)
Broiler 700°C and Lima and
- 258 7.5 34 48 30 - -
litter steam Marshall
Broiler cake - 172 6.0 29 73 58 - - activated (2005)
Bark of
260°C - Yamato et
Acacia 7.4 398 10.4 38 - - 31 -
360°C al. (2006)
mangium
Rice straw - 490 13.2 37 - - - -
Sugar cane
- 710 17.7 40 - - - - Tsai et al.
bagasse 500°C
(2006)
Coconut
- 690 9.4 73 - - - -
shell
Eucalyptus Rondon et
7.0 824 5.73 144 0.6 - 49.5 - 350°C
deglupta al. (2007)
Effects of Biochar in an
Biochar production and
organic farming system
characterisation
(vegetables and herbs)
Effects of biochar
on soil fertility
Biochar for soil carbon and crop
sequestration performance and
fertilizer 15N
efficiency -
upland soil
Effects of biochar on flooded rice
yield and greenhouse gas
emissions (Conventional and SRI)
Characteristic of Selected Biochars
T1 T2 T3 T4 T1 T2 T3 T4
72 days after transplanting 118 days after transplanting
T1 : 0 t/ha biochar
T2 : 5 t/ha biochar
T3 : 10 t/ha biochar
T4 : 20 t/ha biochar
27 Nov 2012 28
Cumulative Effect of EFBB on Grain Yield of 2nd Crop
50
29
Cumulative Effects of EFBB on Yield Parameters
Cumulative effects of EFBB on No. of tiller, No of panicle, % filled grain and weight of 1000 grains. Means with
different letter indicates significant difference at 0.05 level by Tukey test. 30
Nutrient Uptake (mg/hill) by Rice Plants at Harvest as
Affected by EFBB
*
§ Means with different letter indicate significant difference at 0.05 levels by Tukey test
31
3. Field Experiment: Biochar Amendment of
Marginal Rice Soil (FELCRA, Seberang Perak,
Malaysia)
Soil Properties
pH : 4.4
Organic Carbon : 0.83%
Total Nitrogen : 0.012%
Available P : 12.3 mg/kg
CEC : 8.38 cmolC/kg
Field trials
Exch. K : 0.14 cmolC/kg
Exch. Mg : 0.95 cmolC/kg 1.2 ha plot of the FTC SRI rice area with the
Exch. Ca : 1.88 cmolC/kg establishment of sub-plot A (without biochar)
Exch. Al : 1.89 cmolC/kg and B (with 45 t/ha biochar)
Effect of EFB Biochar Application on the Rice Growth
Parameter and Nitrogen Uptake
The means with different letter were indicates there were significantly difference at 0.05 level by Tukey test.
Effect of EFB Biochar Application on Some Soil Properties
pH 5.11 a 6.21 b