CHEMISTRY PAPER 2

Section A
Bahagian A

[60 marks]
[60 markah]

Answer all questions in this section.

Jawab semua soalan dalam bahagian ini.

1. The freezing point of acetamide was determined by using the cooling method. The graph of temperature against time was plotted as shown
in Diagram B.
Takat beku asetamida ditentukan dengan kaedah penyejukan. Graf suhu lawan masa diplot seperti pada Rajah B.

Diagram A/Rajah A

(a) i. From the graph, state the freezing point of the acetamide.
Daripada graf, nyatakan takat beku asetamida.
 __________________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark/1 markah]
ii. What is the physical state of the acetamide at the section of the curve from :
Apakah sifat fizikal asetamida pada lengkung graf diantara :
R to S :
R ke S : _________________________________________________________________________
T to U :
T ke U : _________________________________________________________________________
[2 marks/2 markah]
(b) It was observed from the graph that there was no change in temperature from S to T. Explain the observation.
Diperhatikan dari graf didapati tidak ada perubahan suhu dari S ke T. Terangkan pemerhatian.

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________
[2 marks/2 markah]
(c) What is the physical state of the acetamide at P?
Apakah sifat fizikal asetamida?

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark/1 markah]
(d)

Diagram B/Rajah B
 Diagram B shows the changes of state of matter.
Rajah B menunjukkan perubahan fizikal bagi jirim.
i. Name the following changes of state:
Namakan perubahan fizikal yang berikut :

X : ______________________________________ Y : _____________________________________
[2 marks/2 markah]
ii. State the heat change for the process in (b) (i):
Nyatakan perubahan haba bagi proses yang berlaku di (b) (i):

X : ______________________________________ Y : _____________________________________
[2 marks/2 markah]

2. Diagram below shows part of the Periodic Table of Elements. P, Q, R, S, T, U and V are not the actual symbols of the elements.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sebahagian daripada Jadual Berkala Unsur. P, Q, R, S, T, U dan V tidak mewakili simbol yang sebenar
unsur.

Diagram /Rajah

Answer the following questions, using only the elements shown in the diagram.
Jawab soalan-soalan berikut menggunakan hanya unsur yang ditunjukkan pada rajah di atas.
(a) Write the symbol for an element which...
Tuliskan simbol bagi unsur yang...
(i) is a transition element.
merupakan unsur peralihan
(ii) forms an acidic oxide.
membentuk oksida asid
 (iii)has four electrons in its outer shell.
mempunyai empat elektron pada petala terluar.
[3 marks/markah]
(b) Compare the melting points of elements P, Q and R.
Bandingkan takat lebur antara unsur-unsur P, Q, dan R.
[1 mark/markah]
(c) Why does element R react more vigorously with water than element Q?
Mengapakah unsur R menunjukkan tindak balas yang lebih cergas dengan air berbanding unsur Q?
[2 marks/markah]
(d) Why do S and T not react chemically?
Mengapakah S dan T tidak bertindak balas secara kimia?
[1 mark/markah]
(e) Write the electronic structure of ion U.
Tulis struktur elektron bagi ion U.
[2 marks/markah]
(f) Give one use of element V in industry.
Nyatakan satu kegunaan unsur V dalam industri.
[1 mark/markah]

3. An experiment is carried out to determine the end point of the reaction between 0.5 mol dm–3 sulphuric acid, and 20.0 cm3 of sodium
hydroxide solution. The diagram shows the initial and final stages of the titration.
Satu eksperimen dijalankan bagi menentukan takat akhir bagi tindak balas antara 0.5 mol dm–3 asid sulfurik dan20.0 cm3 larutan natrium
hidroksida. Rajah berikut menunjukkan bacaan awal dan akhir titratan.
 Diagram/Rajah

(a) State the change in the colour of the methyl orange indicator in this titration.
Nyatakan perubahan warna penunjuk metil jingga dalam tindak balas ini.

_____________________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark/1 markah]
(b) Write a chemical equation for the neutralization reaction that takes place.
Tulis persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas peneutralan yang berlaku.

_____________________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark/1 markah]
(c) Based on the burette readings, complete the following table.
Berdasarkan bacaan buret, lengkapkan jadual berikut.
 Table/Jadual
[2 marks/2 markah]
(d) Calculate the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution used in the titration.
Kira kepekatan larutan natrium hidroksida yang digunakan dalam titratan ini.

[3 marks/3 markah]
(e) Explain why the volume of hydrochloric acid used is twice compared to the volume of sulphuric acid if the titration is repeated by using
0.5 mol dm–3 hydrochloric acid.
Terangkan mengapa isipada asid hidroklorik adalah separuh daripada isi padu asid sulfurik jika titratan ini diulangi dengan asid
hidroklorik 0.5 mol dm–3.

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________
[2 marks/2 markah]

4. Diagram below is a flow chart which shows the manufacture of sulphuric acid.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan carta alir pembuatan asid sulfurik.
 Diagram/Rajah

(a) Name the process of manufacturing sulphuric acid.

Namakan proses pembuatan asid sulfurik.
_____________________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark/1 markah]
(b) Name compound P.
Namakan sebatian P.

_____________________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark/1 markah]
(c) Write a chemical equation for the reaction in Stage I.
Tulis persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas dalam Peringkat I.

_____________________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark/1 markah]
(d) State the optimum conditions for stage II.
Nyatakan keadaan optimum bagi Peringkat II.

_____________________________________________________________________________________
 [1 mark/1 markah]
(e) Write a chemical equation for the reaction in stage II.
Tulis persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas bagi Peringkat II

_____________________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark/1 markah]
(f) (i) Name compound Q.
Namakan sebatian Q.

__________________________________________________________________________________
[2 mark/2 markah]
(ii) Write a chemical equation for the formation of compound Q.
Tulis persamaan kimia bagi pembentukan sebatian Q.

__________________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark/1 markah]
(g) Why is sulphur trioxide not dissolved directly in water to form sulphuric acid ?
Mengapa sulfur trioksida tidak dilarutkan secara terus dalam air untuk membentuk asid sulfurik?

_____________________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark/1 markah]
(h) State one use of sulphuric acid.
Nyatakan satu kegunaan asid sulfurik.

_____________________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark/1 markah]

5. Diagram below shows the conversion of propene to propane and propanol by using substance x and substance y respectively. Propane is a
saturated hydrocarbon and propene is an unsaturated hydrocarbon.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan penukaran propena kepada propana dan propanol dengan menggunakan bahan x dan bahan y masing-
masing. Propana ialah hidrokarbon tepu dan propena ialah hidrokarbon tak tepu.
 Diagram/Rajah

(a) What is meant by unsaturated hydrocarbon?

Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan hidrokarbon tak tepu?

_____________________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark/markah]
(b) Give one chemical test to differentiate between propane and propene.
Nyatakan satu ujian kimia untuk membezakan propana dan propena.

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________
[2 marks/markah]
(c) State one chemical property which is common to propane, propene and propanol.
Nyatakan satu sifat kimia yang sama bagi propana, propena dan propanol.

_____________________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark/markah]
(d) Both propane and propene have the same number of carbon atoms. Explain why the flame of propene is more sooty.
[Relative atomic mass: C, 12; H, 1]
Propana dan propena kedua-duanya mempunyai bilangan atom karbon yang sama. Terangkan mengapa nyalaan propena lebih
berjelaga.
[Jisim atom relatif: C, 12; H, l]

_____________________________________________________________________________________
[2 marks/markah]
 (e) Draw two structural formulae of propanol.
Lukiskan dua formula struktur bagi propanol.

[2 marks/markah]
(f) Name substance x and substance y.
Namakan bahan x dan bahan y.

Substance x/Bahan x: ___________________________________________________________________

Substance y/Bahan y: ___________________________________________________________________

[2 marks/markah]
(g) Write an equation for the conversion of propene to propane.
Tuliskan persamaan bagi penukaran propena kepada propana.

_____________________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark/markah]

6. An experiment was carried out to determine the heat of displacement for the reaction between copper(II) sulphate solution and excess of
iron powder. 100.0 cm3 of 0.5 mol dm–3 copper(II) sulphate solution was poured into a plastic cup and its initial temperature was recorded.
Excess iron powder was added to the same plastic cup. The mixture was stirred with a thermometer and the highest temperature is recorded.
Satu eksperimen telah dijalankan untuk menentukan haba penyesaran bagi tindak balas antara larutan kuprum(II) sulfat dan serbuk besi
berlebihan. 100 cm3 larutan 0.5 mol dm–3 kuprum(II) sulfat ditambahkan ke dalam cawan plastik dan suhu awalnya direkodkan. Serbuk
besi berlebihan ditambahkan kepada cawan plastik yang sama. Campuran dikacau dengan termometer dan suhu tertinggi direkodkan.

Initial temperature of copper(II) sulphate solution = 29.0 °C

Suhu awal larutan kuprum(II) sulfat
Highest temperature of mixture = 32.5 °C
Suhu tertinggi campuran

[Relative atomic mass: Fe = 56; Cu = 64; S = 32; O = 16; Specific heat capacity of solution = 4.2 J g–1 C–1]
[Jisim atom relatif: Fe = 56; Cu = 64 ; S = 32 ; O = 16; kapasiti haba spesifik larutan = 4.2 J g–1 C–1]

(a) Write an ionic equation for the reaction occurred in the above experiment.
Tuliskan persamaan ion bagi tindak balas yang berlaku di dalam eksperimen di atas.

_____________________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark/1 markah]

(b) Explain what is meant by heat of displacement.

Terangkan apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan haba penyesaran.

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

[2 marks/2 markah]

(c) Calculate
Hitungkan
(i) the amount of heat evolved,
jumlah haba yang dibebaskan,

[2 marks/2 markah]
 (ii) the number of moles of copper(II) sulphate solution used,
bilangan mol larutan kuprum(II) sulfat yang digunakan,

[1 mark/1 markah]

(iii)the heat of displacement in kJ mol–1.

haba penyesaran di dalam kJ mol–1.

[2 marks/2 markah]

(d) What would happen to the change in temperature if large pieces of iron was used?
Apakah yang akan berlaku pada perubahan suhu jika kepingan besar besi digunakan?

_____________________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark/1 markah]

(e) State one observation obtained in the above experiment.

Nyatakan satu pemerhatian yang diperoleh di dalam eksperimen di atas.

_____________________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark/1 markah]
 Section B
Bahagian B

[20 marks]
[20 markah]

Answer any one questions from this section.

Jawab mana-mana satu soalan daripada bahagian ini.

7. (a) What is meant by electrolysis?

Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan elektrolisis?
[2 marks/markah]
(b) Diagram below shows the apparatus set up for the electrolysis molten lead(II) bromide.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan susunan radas bagi elektrolisis plumbum(II) bromida lebur.

Diagram/Rajah

(i) Explain why lead(II) bromide is heated during electrolysis.

Terangkan mengapakah plumbum(II) klorida dipanaskan semasa elektrolisis.
 [6 marks/markah]
(ii) What can be observed in this experiment? Explain how the products are formed at the electrodes.
Apakah yang dapat diperhatikan dalam eksperiment tersebut? Terangkan bagaimana hasil tindak balas terbentuk pada elektrod-
elektrod.
[12 marks/markah]

8. (a) A student undergoes depression. The student wants to get help from you from the aspect of medicine. You are asked about the type of
diseases, symptoms that show teenagers undergo the disease and the type of medicine used. You are required to inform the teenager
about the effect if the medicine is taken in excess.
Seorang pelajar mengalami tekanan perasaan. Pelajar itu ingin mendapatkan bantuan daripada anda dari segi perubatan. Anda
ditanya tentang jenis penyakit, tanda-tanda yang menunjukkan remaja mengalami penyakit itu dan jenis ubat yang digunakan. Anda
dikehendaki memaklumkan remaja itu tentang kesan yang akan timbul jika ubat berkenaan diambil secara berlebihan.
[2 marks/2 markah]
(b)

Diagram/Rajah

Diagram above shows two type of washing agents.

Rajah di atas menunjukkan dua jenis agen pencuci.
 (i) Build a table showing the differences between detergent and soap.
Bina satu jadual menunjukkan perbezaan antara detergen dengan sabun.

[6 marks/6 markah]

(ii) Explain four types of additives in detergent and their uses.

Huraikan empat jenis bahan tambah detergen dan kegunaannya.

[4 marks/4 markah]

(c) Explain one experiment to prepare aspirin in the laboratory.

Your answer must include the following:
Huraikan satu eksperimen bagi penyediaan aspirin di dalam makmal.
Jawapan anda mesti merangkumi perkara berikut:

 Materials needed / Bahan yang diperlukan

 List of apparatus / Senarai radas
 Procedures of the experiment / Prosedur menjalankan eksperimen
 Physical properties of the product / Sifat fizikal hasil

[8 marks/8 markah]
 Section C
Bahagian C

[20 marks]
[20 markah]

Answer any one questions from this section.

Jawab mana-mana satu soalan daripada bahagian ini.

9. (a) Table below shows the materials that are needed for preparing a salt.
Jadual di bawah menunjukkan bahan yang diperlukan bagi penyediaan garam.

Table/Jadual
 (i) Based on the information given in the table, what type of salt is prepared in each experiment?
Berdasarkan maklumat dari jadual, apakah jenis garam yang dihasilkan dari eksperimen?
[2 marks/2 markah]
(ii) Write an ionic equation for the preparation of each salt in the experiment.
Tuliskan persamaan ionik bagi kedua-dua garam yang dihasilkan dari eksperimen.
[4 marks/4 markah]
(iii)What is the colour of the salt produced in experiment I?
Apakah warna garam yag terbentuk dari eksperimen I?
[1 mark/1 markah]
(iv) What method can be used to collect the precipitate formed in each experiment?
Apakah kaedah yang boleh digunakan untuk mengumpulkan mendakan yang terbentuk dari eksperimen?
[1 mark/1 markah]
(b) (i) State four methods that can be used in the laboratory to prepare soluble salts.
Nyatakan empat kaedah yang boleh digunakan di dalam makmal untuk menghasilkan garam.
[4 marks/4 markah]
(ii) State the steps that are involved in the purification of an impure salt.
Nyatakan langkah-langkah yang terlibat dalam pengkristalan garam tak tulen.
[8 marks/8 markah]

10. (a) Diagram below shows the apparatus set up to study the redox reaction between copper and silver nitrate solution.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan susunan radas untuk mengkaji suatu tindak balas redoks antara kuprum dan larutan argentum nitrat.
 Diagram/Rajah

Based on the diagram shown above, answer the following questions.

Berdasarkan rajah di atas, jawab soalan-soalan berikut:

• What are the observations from the experiment?
Apakah pemerhatian dari eksperimen ini?
• State the oxidizing agent and reducing agent and give a reason for each.
Nyatakan agen pengoksidaan dan penurunan dan nyatakan sebab setiap satu.
• Write equations for the half reactions involved in the redox reaction.
Tuliskan persamaan yang terlibat dalam tindak balas redoks tersebut.
• Write an equation for the overall reaction.
Tuliskan persamaan keseluruhan tindak balas.
[10 marks/10 markah]
(b)

You are only given a beaker. Suggest suitable chemicals and describe an experiment to verify the above statement using the given
apparatus.
Anda hanya diberi bikar dan cadangkan bahan kimia yang sesuai dan huraikan satu eksperimen untuk mengesahkan pernyataan di atas
dengan menggunakan radas yang diberi.
[10 marks/10 markah]