Characteristics of a Healthy Organization

1. Effective Sharing of Goals

A healthy organization shares its business goals with employees at every level of the
organization. Management shares goals with employees and gets them on board with
the mission and vision of the organization. Employees and managers understand
what is required to reach these shared goals and make every effort to achieve them.
2. Great Teamwork
Healthy companies know how to develop teams that collaborate to achieve common
goals. Employees and managers readily offer their assistance to each other to meet
corporate objectives
3. High Employee Morale
Employees value their positions in the organizations and desire to work there for a
long time. Productivity is high and organizational events are enjoyable and successful
4. Offers Training Opportunities
Companies provide on-the-job training and opportunities for employees to enhance
their work-related skills. Organizations bring in other individuals to provide necessary
departmental and corporate-wide training. Companies also offer opportunities to
pursue certification and continual education.
5. Strong Leadership
Good leadership is one of the main characteristics of a healthy organization.
Employees have good relationships with management that are based on trust.
Managers know how to get employees to function together. When correction is
needed, employees readily accept the constructive criticism offered by leaders
6. Handles Poor Performance
Companies confront poor performance instead of ignoring it. Organizations take
corrective actions to improve performance. Upper-level management values the input
of employees who make suggestions on how to improve productivity and achieve
high performance rates. Companies may even bring in specialists to detect problems
and offer solutions
7. Understands Risks
Healthy organizations understand the risks they are open to and take the necessary
steps to protect themselves against them. When an event happens due to
organizational risks, a healthy organization learns from the event. Companies use
precaution but understand that risks are necessary to facilitate growth.
8. Adapts to Opportunities and Changes
Healthy organizations know how to recognize and seize good opportunities. Healthy
organizations always look for opportunities to grow. They also know how to adapt to
technological or operational changes.
9. Clearly Defined Structure
Companies possess a sense of order and organizational structure. The structure and
order of the organization does not limit innovation and growth. Employees do not
mind complying to the company's order because they understand it and see the
benefits of its implementation.
10. Well-Known Company Policies
Organizations create and implement company policies that are readily available to
their employees. Healthy organizations follow the policies and regulations of local,
state and federal governments. When employees or managers break policies, the
issue is dealt with immediately and in a professional manner.

designing of organizational structure :

departmentalization, chain of command, span of control, centralization or decentralization,
work specialization and the degree of formalization.
Primary, Secondary, Tertiary, and
Quaternary Provider Organization
Primary Care Essentials
Most people are very familiar with primary care. This is your first and most generalized stop
for symptoms and medical concerns.
For instance, you may see your primary care doctor when you notice a new symptom or are
concerned that you contracted a cold, the flu, or some other bacterial or viral disease. You
may also seek out primary care for a broken bone, a sore muscle, a skin rash, or any other
acute medical problem.
Also, primary care is typically responsible for coordinating your care among specialists and
other levels of care. There are, however, times when that doesn't always happen the way it
should.
Primary care providers (PCP) may be doctors, nurse practitioners, or physician assistants.
There are some primary care specialties as well. For instance, OB-GYNs, geriatricians, and
pediatricians are all primary care doctors; they just happen to specialize in caring for a
particular group of people.

Secondary Care Specialists

When your primary care provider refers you to a specialist, you are then in secondary care.
Secondary care simply means you will be taken care of by someone who has more specific
expertise in what is ailing you.
Specialists focus either on a specific system of the body or a specific disease or condition. For
example, cardiologists focus on the heart and its pumping system. Endocrinologists focus on
hormone systems and some specialize in diseases like diabetes or thyroid disease. Oncologists
have a specialty in treating cancers and many focus on a specific type of cancer.
Secondary care is where most people end up when they have a medical condition to deal with
that can't be handled at the primary care level. Your insurance company may require that you
receive a referral from your PCP rather than going directly to a specialist.

Tertiary Care and Hospitalization

Once a patient is hospitalized and needs a higher level of specialty care within the hospital, he
may be referred to tertiary care. Tertiary care requires highly specialized equipment and
expertise.
At this level, you will find procedures such as coronary artery bypass surgery, renal or
hemodialysis, and some plastic surgeries or neurosurgeries. It also includes severe burn
treatments and any other very complex treatments or procedures.
A small, local hospital may not be able to provide these services, so you may need to be
transferred to a medical center that provides highly specialized tertiary level services.

Quaternary Care
Quaternary care is considered to be an extension of tertiary care. It is even more specialized
and highly unusual. Because it is so specific, not every hospital or medical center offers
quaternary care. Some may only offer quaternary care for particular medical conditions or
systems of the body.
The types of care that might be considered to be quaternary would be experimental medicine
and procedures as well as highly uncommon and specialized surgeries
ePerolehan Kerajaan
1. ePerolehan merupakan sistem perolehan elektronik yang membolehkan pembekal
menawarkan produk dan perkhidmatan kepada Kerajaan melalui Internet. ePerolehan
bertindak sebagai medium alternatif untuk para pembekal mendaftar/memperbaharui Sijil
Kementerian Kewangan Malaysia (MOF). Aplikasi kerajaan elektronik ini dijangka mampu
menjimatkan kos, masa dan tenaga apabila konsep "paperless" atau bebas kertas diguna
pakai sepenuhnya.

2. Perkhidmatan yang ditawarkan di dalam Sistem ePerolehan adalah meliputi:

 Menghantar cadangan Tender / Sebut Harga
 Menghantar permohonan
 Menerima Permohonan
 Menyemak status permohonan
 Menyerahkan tawaran tender
 Membuat / menerima pembayaran secara atas talian
 Katalog Elektronik (eCat).

3. Modul Utama adalah modul yang digunapakai oleh pihak Kerajaan dan pembekal
dalam melaksanakan perolehan Kerajaan di dalam ePerolehan. Pembentukan proses
perolehan adalah berdasarkan polisi Perolehan Kerajaan yang saling melengkapi
antara satu sama lain. Modul ini membolehkan pihak Kerajaan menjalankan aktiviti
seperti berikut:
 Merancang sesuatu perbelanjaan dan perolehan
 Mencari, memilih, menilai, dan melantik pembekal untuk menyediakan bekalan atau
perkhidmatan
 Mencipta dan menguruskan sesuatu Kontrak Kerajaan
 Proses permintaan dan pemenuhan bagi bekalan dan perkhidmatan serta pembayaran

4. Selain daripada Kerajaan, pembekal juga boleh menggunapakai modul utama untuk:
 Penerimaan Pesanan Pembelian Kerajaan, memasukkan Pesanan Penghantaran dan
mencipta invois
 Pendaftaran sebagai pembekal Kerajaan

5. Terdapat lima (5) Modul Utama di dalam ePerolehan Baharu seperti berikut:
 Plan Perolehan
 Pengurusan Pembekal
 Pemilihan Pembekal
 Pemenuhan
 Plan Pengurusan Kontrak