DRAFT PRAKTIKUM FISIKA LANJUTAN

"EFEK COMPTON”

Oleh

Nama Praktikan : Lukman Hakim

(11160163000036)

: Dhika Damayanthi

(11160163000059)

Kelas : Pendidikan Fisika 4B

LABORATORIUM IPA TERPADU

PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN FISIKA

FAKULTAS ILMU TARBIYAH DAN KEGURUAN

UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI SYARIF HIDAYATULLAH

JAKARTA

2018
 EFEK COMPTON

Arthur H. Compton observed the scattering of x-rays from electrons in a carbon target
and found scattered x-rays with a longer wavelength than those incident upon the target. The
shift of the wavelength increased with scattering angle according to the Compton formula:

Compton explained and modeled the data by assuming

a particle (photon) nature for light and applying
conservation of energy and conservation of
momentum to the collision between the photon and
the electron. The scattered photon has lower energy
and therefore a longer wavelength according to the
Planck relationship.

At a time (early 1920's) when the particle (photon) nature of light suggested by the
photoelectric effect was still being debated, the Compton experiment gave clear and independent
evidence of particle-like behavior. Compton was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1927 for the
"discovery of the effect named after him".
 ( Robert, 1997).

Compton effect is the energy decrease ( increase of wavelength) of x-rays and gamma
Ray photons when they interact with electrons of matter. We know that on the Photoelectric
effect, electrons are hit by photons ofhigh energy/frequency (x-rays and gamma), they absorb the
energy, giving them their full energy and consequently, the electrons becomefree of the nucleus
influence (as the more they acquire negative energyfrom the photons the more they repel positive
energy/charge of the protons on the atomic nucleus). They escape from the atom.

But what does it happen when the electron is firstly hit with x Ray or gamma rays?

(x-rays and gamma rays are photons of high energy/frequency. Our eyes are able to detect light
only in a certain spectrum of wavelength. that's why gamma rays and x-rays are"invisible", and
why they are usedfor these kinds of experiments, as "normal" light doesn't have enough
energy/frequency to cause any effect on the electrons).

It says that if you hit a free electron with gamma rays part of its energy will be absorbed
by the electron, also causing both the photon and the electron to move to opposite directions
because both of them are/behave like particles, as a result the remaining frequency of the
scattered photon will always be less than the initial frequency/energy.

(Anonim, 2015)

References:

Wilson, Robert (1997). Astronomy Through the Ages: The Story of the Human Attempt to

Understand the Universe. CRC Press. hlm. 138. ISBN 0748407480.

Anonim (2015) . Comton Effect. Diakses di https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-

Compton-effect-1 . Pada tanggal 5 Mei 2018 pukul 09. 07 WIB.