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  • Appendix: Calculation: 1. PH Change in Non-Buffer Solution A. HCL Solution 0,0001 M

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    Cahyarani Paramesti
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    1. The document provides calculations for pH changes in non-buffer and buffer solutions after additions of acids and bases. 2. In a non-buffer solution of HCl, the pH decreases from 4 to 2 after adding acid, and increases to 11.9 after adding base. In a non-buffer solution of NaOH, the pH decreases from 10 to 12 after adding base, and to 2 after adding acid. 3. Common buffer solutions made from sodium hydrogen phosphate and acetic acid maintain pH levels around 7.2 and 5 respectively when acids or bases are added. Ammonium hydroxide buffers have pH levels around 9 or 8.4 depending on the relative amounts of NH4OH and

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    APPENDIX LAPRAK TERAKHIR.docx

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    1. The document provides calculations for pH changes in non-buffer and buffer solutions after additions of acids and bases. 2. In a non-buffer solution of HCl, the pH decreases from 4 to 2 after adding acid, and increases to 11.9 after adding base. In a non-buffer solution of NaOH, the pH decreases from 10 to 12 after adding base, and to 2 after adding acid. 3. Common buffer solutions made from sodium hydrogen phosphate and acetic acid maintain pH levels around 7.2 and 5 respectively when acids or bases are added. Ammonium hydroxide buffers have pH levels around 9 or 8.4 depending on the relative amounts of NH4OH and

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    14 views5 pages

    Appendix: Calculation: 1. PH Change in Non-Buffer Solution A. HCL Solution 0,0001 M

    Uploaded by

    Cahyarani Paramesti
    1. The document provides calculations for pH changes in non-buffer and buffer solutions after additions of acids and bases. 2. In a non-buffer solution of HCl, the pH decreases from 4 to 2 after adding acid, and increases to 11.9 after adding base. In a non-buffer solution of NaOH, the pH decreases from 10 to 12 after adding base, and to 2 after adding acid. 3. Common buffer solutions made from sodium hydrogen phosphate and acetic acid maintain pH levels around 7.2 and 5 respectively when acids or bases are added. Ammonium hydroxide buffers have pH levels around 9 or 8.4 depending on the relative amounts of NH4OH and

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    of 5

    APPENDIX

    Calculation :
    1. pH change in non-buffer solution
    a. HCl solution 0,0001 M
    - before acid/base addition
    [H+] = a . M
    = 1. 0,0001 = 10-4
    pH = -log [H+]
    = -log 10-4
    =4
    - after addition of acid
    HCl + H+  2H+ + Cl-
    10-2 L x 10-4 M
    = 10-6 mole of HCl standard
    10-4 x 1 M
    = 10-4 mole after the addition of acid
    [H+] = mol total / volume total
    [H+] = 10-6 + 10-4
    10-2 + 10-4
    [H+] = 1 x 10-2
    pH = 2
    - after addition of base
    mole HCl = 10-6 mole HCl standard
    mole NaOH = 1 x 10-4 x 1
    = 10-4 mole after the addition of base
    HCl + NaOH  NaCl + H2O
    M 10-6 10-4 - -
    R 10-6 10-6 10-6 10-6
    S - 0.99 x 10-4 10-6 10-6
    [OH-] = 0.99 x 10-4
    1.01 x 10-2
    = 0.98 x 10-2
    = 9.8 x 10-3
    pOH = -log [OH-]
    = -log 9.8 x 10-3
    = 2.009
    pH = 14 – 2.009
    = 11,9
    b. NaOH solution 0,0001 M
    - before acid/base addition
    [OH-] = 0,0001 M
    pOH = 4
    pH = 14 – 4 = 10
    - after addition of base
    mole NaOH = 10-2 x 10-4
    = 10-6 mole standard
    1 x 10-4 L x 1 = 10-4 mole after the addition of base
    [H+] = mole total
    volume total
    = 10-6 x 10-4
    10-4 x 10-2
    = 10-2 M
    pOH = -log 10-2 = 2
    pH = 14 – 2 = 12
    - after addition of acid
    mol HCl = Volume x Molarity
    = 1 x 10-4 L x 1 x 1 M
    = 10-4 mole
    mol NaOH = 10-2 L x 1 x 10-4 = 10-6 mole
    NaOH + HCl  NaCl + H2O
    M 10-6 10-4 - -
    R 10-6 10-6 10-6 10-6
    S - 0.99 x 10-4 10-6 10-6
    [H+] = 0.99 x 10-4
    1.01 x 10-2
    = 0.98 x 10-2
    = 9.8 x 10-3
    pH = -log 9.8 x 10-3
    =2
    c. Aquadest
    pH = 7
    - after addition of acid
    VH2O = 10 ml = 0,001 L
    VHCl = 10-4 L
    VH2O x M H2O = VHCl x MHCl
    10-2 x MH2O = 10-4 x MHCl
    MH2O = 10-4 = 0.01 M
    10-2
    [H+] = 0.01 M
    pH = -log 10-2 = 2
    - after addition of base
    VH2O = 10-2 L
    VNaOH = 10-4 L
    MH2O = 10-4 x 1
    10-2
    M H2O = 10-2 M
    [OH-] = 10-2 M
    pOH = -log 10-2 = 2; pH = 14 – 2
    pH = 12

    2. pH change in buffer solution


    a. NaH2PO4 and Na2HPO4
    Mol NaH2PO4 = V x M
    = 5 x 10-1 x 1 x 10-2
    = 5 x 10-3 mole
    Mol Na2HPO4 = V x M
    = 5 x 10-1 x 10-2
    = 5 x 10-3 mole
    [H+] = Ka HPO42- mol NaH2PO4
    mol Na2HPO4
    = 6.2 x 10-8 5 x 10-3
    5 x 10-3
    = 6.2 x 10-8
    pH = -log6.8 x 10-8
    = 7.2
    b. CH3COONa and CH3COOH
    Mol CH3COOH = V x M
    = 10-2 x 1 = 10-2 mole
    Mol CH3COONa = V x M
    = 10-2 x 1
    = 10-2 mole
    [H+] = Ka CH3COOH mol CH3COO
    mol CH3COONa
    = 1 x 10-5 5 x 10-2
    5 x 10-2
    = 10-5 M
    pH = -log 10-5 = 5
    c. NH4OH and NH4Cl
    Mole NH4OH = V x M
    = 1 x 10-2 L x 1 M
    = 10-2 mole
    mole NH4Cl = V x M
    = 1 x 10-2 x 1 = 10-2 mole
    [OH-] = Kb NH4OH mol NH4OH
    mol NH4Cl
    = 1 x 10-5 5 x 10-2
    5 x 10-2
    = 10-5
    pOH = -log 10-5 = 5
    pH = 14 – 5 = 9
    d. NH4OH and NH4Cl
    Mol NH4OH = V x M
    = 0.5 x 10-2 L x 1 M
    0.5 x 10-2 mole
    Mol NH4Cl = V x M
    = 2 x 10-2 L x 1 M
    = 2 x 10-2 mol
    [OH-] = Kb NH4OH mol NH4OH
    mol NH4Cl
    = 1 x 10-5 0.5 x 10-2
    2 x 10-2
    = 0.25 x 10-5
    = 2.5 x 10-6
    pOH = -log 2.5 x 10-6 = 5.6
    pH = 14 – 5.6 = 8.4

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