Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Foklor NG Ilang Baranggay
Foklor NG Ilang Baranggay
Panimulang Paglilikom
Rolieta N. Mata
Roselyn T. Rufino
1. Panimula
Mayaman ang Pilipinas kung panitikan ang pag-uusapan. Marami man ang
nasusulat maasahan mong mas marami pa ang nakatago at nagpasalin-salin sa bibig
ng mga tao sa kasalukuyan.Patuloy itong nagpasalin-salin hanggang sa kasalukuyan,
ayon nga ka F.Hornedo( 1994: 61)
"Today, oral literature remains a living tradition because it has survived through
centuries of encounters with alien cultures among various cultural communities"
Hindi lingid sa ating kaalaman na ang gawi at kilos ng ating kabataan ay ibang-
iba kaysa sa kultura ng ating mga ninuno. Kaya mahalagang malikom ito upang
maisulat at mabasa ng ating kabataan. Pinatunayan ito ni Hornedo( 1994:61) sa
kanyang isinulat na sanaysay hinggil sa kasaysayan ng tradisyon etniko kung saan
binigyang halaga niya ang kahalagahan ng foklor.
"In the present search for a Filipino national cultural identity, the importance of
folklore cannot be over-estimated. Oral literary tradition lies at the deepest layer of the
national culture;it is the Filipino's recourse in times of greatest joy and deepest sorrow,
the spring from which flows the national consciousness.
Batayang Teoritikal
"There is no surer way of transmitting values than through Literature for values
are caught and not taught. "
Batayang Konseptwal
Kahalagahan ng Pag-aaral
Kaugnay na Literatura
Ang pag-aaral na ito ay may kaugnayan sa sinabi sa aklat nina Atienza et.al.
(1987). Ayon sa kanila:
May kaugnayan din ang pag-aaral na ito sa sinabi ni Richard Dorson sa kanyang
aklat na may pamagat na 'Folklore' kung saan sinabi niya na mas marami tayong
makokolekta at mapag-aaralang foklor mas maiintindihan at lalago ang ating kaalaman
hinggil sa sangkatauhan.
Gaya ng nabanggit sa unang layunin pag-aaral na ito na malikom ang mga oral
na literaturang hindi pa naisatitik.
May kaugnayan din ang pag-aaral na ito sa ginawang pag- aaral nina Regenia
et.al na pinamagatang " Mga Pamahiin ng Baranggay Titunod Kolambugan Lanao Del
Norte" Isang andergradweyt na tesis, kung saan nilikom ng mga manaliksik ang mga
pamahiin na makikita sa lugar na yaon. Tulad ng gagawing pananaliksik isa sa lilikumin
ay ang mga pamahiin sa lugar na pag- aaralan. Ang kaibahan nga lang sa
kasalukuyang pananaliksik liban sa pamahiin sakop din ang iba pang uri ng oral na
literatura.
May kinalaman din ang pag-aaral na ito sa isinagawang pag- aaral nina Rondel
et.al. isang andergadweyt na tesis na pamagat na "Panimulang Paglilikom ng mga
Kwentong Kababalaghan sa Poon- Piagapo Lanao Del Norte". Kung saan nilikom nila
ang oral na literatura na mga kwentong kababalaghan sa nabanggit na lugar ang
kaibahan lang sa kasalukuyang pag-aaral hindi lang sa mga kwentong bayan naka-
fokus ang pag-aaral kabilang na sa pag- aaralan ang ilan pang oral na literatura na
maaring matatagpuan sa pitong baranggay ng Ozamiz.
2. Metodolohiya
1. Annex 0 0 0 0 5
2. Guingon 1 6 0 7 1
3. Guimad 1 2 0 3 3
4. Lam-an 0 0 0 0 5
5. 50th
0 0 0 0 5
Baranggay
6. Molicay 1 1 1 3 3
7. Banadero 1 3 0 4 2
8. Maningcol 1 0 0 1 4
9. Pulot 1 2 1 4 2
10. Malaubang 1 1 1 3 3
11. Tabid 1 1 1 3 3
1. Annex 5 4 1 1 0 11 3
2. Guingona 1 2 5 1 11 20 1
3. Guimad 0 5 4 1 4 14 2
4. Lam-an 0 1 1 0 1 3 6
5.50th Barang
1 1 1 0 0 3 6
gay
6. Molicay 0 0 2 2 0 5 4
7. Banadero 0 0 2 0 2 4 5
8. Maningcol 0 0 1 1 1 3 6
9. Pulot 0 1 1 0 0 2 7
10. Malaubang 0 1 1 0 1 3 6
11. Tabid 0 0 1 1 0 2 7
Bukod sa awiting bayan may mga nalikom ding mga karunungang bayan mula
sa labing-isang baranggay.Makikita naman natin ang mga datos sa talahanayan 3.
1. Annex 0 0 0 0 0 10
2. Guingona 33 0 11 0 44 1
3. Guimad 28 0 7 0 35 2
4. Lam-an 5 2 5 5 17 6
5.50th Baranggay 8 2 4 2 16 7
6. Molicay 8 1 12 5 26 3
7. Banadero 9 0 9 0 18 5
8. Maningcol 9 2 5 5 21 4
9. Pulot 6 1 3 5 15 8
10. Malaubang 5 1 3 5 14 9
11. Tabid 5 1 5 2 18 5
Foklor
1. Annex 0 11 0 11 10
2. Guingona 7 24 4 35 2
3. Guimad 3 14 35 52 1
4. Lam-an 0 3 7 10 11
5.50th
0 3 16 19 9
Baranggay
6. Molicay 3 4 26 33 3
7. Banadero 4 4 18 26 4
8. Maningcol 1 3 21 25 5
9. Pulot 4 2 15 21 7
10. Malaubang 3 3 14 20 8
11. Tabid 3 2 18 23 6
Kwentong Bayan 28 3
Awiting Bayan 73 2
4. Konklusyon at Rekomendasyon
Konklusyon
Sa kabuuan kahit papaano buhay pa rin ang foklor sa ilang baranggay sa Ozamiz
partikular na ang labing-isang baranggay na siyang sentro ng pag-aaral. Kabilang sa
mga foklor ang kwentong bayan kung saan napapabilang ditto ang anekdota, alamat na
etyolohikal at di-etyolohikal gayundin ang mga awiting bayan na kinabibilangan ng
oyayi, kundiman, balak, talindaw at ang awit pan-relihiyon at ang pinakahuli ang mga
karunungang bayan na may mga uring gaya ng pamahiin, bugtong,palaisipan at ang
mga kasabihan.
Marahil ito ang kasagutan kung bakit marami sa ating kabataan ang tuluyan
nang lumihis sa landas ng kagandahang asal. Dahil wala ng kasabihang nagsisilbing
batas at mga kwentong kinatatakutan na nagbibigay aral.
Rekomendasyon
Awiting Bayan
Oyayi
Orihinal Salin
Katulog Matulog
Kundiman
Orihinal Salin
Sa Dalaga Pa Sa Dalaga Pa
Balak
Orihinal Salin
Kidhat Kindat
Karunungang Bayan
Pamahiin
Orihinal Salin
Mga Bugtong
Orihinal Salin
Kwentong Bayan
Orihinal
Alamat ng Guingona
Salin
Ilang taon na ang nakalipas, dumami rin ang naninirahan dito. At dumating ang
panahon na napag-usapan ng mga pinuno ng lugar na ito na ihiwalay ito sa barangay
Guimad. Napag-usapan nila na gawin itong isang barangay at nasang-ayonan naman
nila na Barangay Guingona amg ipapangalan nila dito na galling s apilyedo sa taong
tumulong sa kanila sa maraming panahon na si Teofisto Guingona Sr. Napagpasyahan
na ito ang ipapangalan sa kanilang barangay para maipahatid nila kay Teofisto kung
gaano siya ka importante sa kanila kahit saan naman siya ngayon. Ito rin ang
ipinangalan sa kanilang barangay para rin hindi makakalimutan ng mga taga rito ang
isang taong napakamabuti at matulungin sa mga naninirahan sa lugar na ito.
AUTHORS
H. Sorbito + 3
noong 1947.
Filipino Legends, Myths and Folklores Abound
Philippine literature abounds with fascinating tales of legends and mythical stories of how the
Earth, and everything in it came to exist. Primarily, they’re entertaining since they could amuse,
inspire and sometimes scare; but mainly, they impart lessons on how to live well with other
people.
A Storytelling Tradition
Many of today’s youth get straightforward answers to their queries about the how and why of things, by
simply researching on the internet. Hence, they never had the experience of hearing quaint but fascinating
explanations in the form of folklores and myths. The following are examples of stories comprising the
popular myths and legends of the Philippines, which are kept alive to this day, as a way of instilling moral
values in the minds of the Filipino children.
A long time ago, when the universe was still young, the sun and the moon were married to each other.
One day, the moon asked her husband, the sun, to keep watch over their sleeping children, since she had
to gather food for the family. The moon, reminded her husband not to go near the young ones, for they
would get burned by his intense noon day heat.
The sun, however, couldn’t keep from bending over to kiss the little ones – but as his wife had feared, the
children slowly started to melt. Although the sun wanted to hide from his wife, his brightness always gave
him away. His wife, the moon, became cold to him and endlessly blamed him for deforming their
children. She often harped about his self-centeredness and feelings of self-importance, just because the
entire universe revolved around him.
This occurred until one day, the sun's fiery temper got the better of him – he struck his wife's face to stop
her endless nagging. Again, he felt sorry for having done so, since his action had left the moon with scars
and pockmarks on her face.
Since then, the moon and the sun became estranged, and the former took her children with her as far as
she could, to get away from the sun. She and the children showed up only during the night when everyone
was asleep, so they wouldn’t notice the pockmarks on her surface or the imperfection of her children, the
little twinkling stars.
One day, a woodsman found a beautiful star fairy lying unconscious near the river bend. He discovered
that her wings were broken and readily surmised that she must have fallen unconscious upon hitting the
ground. The woodsman brought her home and did everything he could to nurse her back to life. The star
fairy finally regained consciousness and thanked the woodsman for saving her life.
However, she was still weak and her wings were still broken, although the woodcutter improvised some
form of brace to help the wings heal properly. Months passed and the inevitable happened, the woodsman
and the star fairy fell in love with each other. The lovers decided to get married so they could raise a
family and have children.
But alas, the day came when the fairy’s wings started fluttering on its own, so the woodsman had to
remove the improvised braces. As soon as the wings became free, the star fairy was carried off to high
heavens and the woodsman never saw his beloved star fairy again. He was so devastated that each day he
went to the river bend, hoping that his wife would be there with her wings once again broken.
The star fairy was back at the star kingdom and could see her beloved husband pining every day for her at
the river bend. However, the king had taken away her wings as her punishment for straying too far away
from the kingdom. She can only have them back if she learns how to behave like a real star fairy.
One day, the king chanced upon the beautiful fairy crying and looking forlorn as she watched the river
bend below. Looking down, he also saw the woodsman near the river bend who was also looking equally
forlorn and with tears streaming down his face. Now the star king couldn’t stand the sight of the lovers'
hopeless situation but the union between an Earth creature and a star fairy is strictly forbidden and
impossible.
The king finally came up with a bright idea; he stretched out the tails of his multi-colored g-string (this is
not the risqué version) so that it would hang down until it formed an arch that would reach the river bend.
He told the star fairy that she could go down via the multi-colored arch to visit her beloved woodsman but
only for a few minutes. Otherwise, the arch would disappear and she could never go back. If she stayed
too long on Earth she will become a mortal and will soon die. It turned out that the fairy is already more
than a thousand years old, basing on Earth’s life period.
Therefore, if you see a rainbow after a brief rain shower, it means the star king took pity on the lovers
again and had let down the tails of his colorful g-string. The drizzle is actually the star fairy’s tears, while
the woodsman called the multi-colored arch “bahag hari" or the king’s g-strings.
At a time when there was only a single great mass of landbetween the great sky and an equally great
water, a large prehistoric bird got bored of circling around the same area for millions of years. It had
made several attempts to fly as far as it could, to discover what lies beyond the far horizons. However, the
big bird was always forced to go back, because there was no other land on where he could rest his tired
wings.
One day, the bird came up with a clever idea. The scheming bird told the water that the sky was irritated
by the way the water keeps on copying the sky’s hue. If it decides to don a blue color, then water also
becomes blue, if the sky is clear and white, the water becomes clear and neutral too. The sky hates it the
most that the water imitates even the former’s dark mood, because the water also turns gray and
somewhat murky. Water of course became indignant upon hearing this; and it heaved a deep breath to
which great amounts of water rose up in the form of gigantic waves, high enough to reach the sky and fill
its clouds with water.
The sky was puzzled at the water’s behavior because it seemed that it was intentionally pelting the sky.
The scheming bird approached the sky and told the latter that the water was resenting the fact that the sky
often made the decisions on what color they had to have. Even if water wants to try other colors, the sky
keeps on reflecting itself on the water’s surface.
Sky, of course, was furious upon hearing this that it let out loud roars of thunder and flashes of lightning
that hit not only water but also the large mass of land. It drained out all the waters carried in its clouds
while water continued to pelt huge waves against the sky. All these affected the great mass of land
because it slowly softened and weakened as sky and water fought against each other’s might.
Soon enough, the great mass of land started to break into little pieces much to the delight of the big bird.
Sky and water saw what had happened, and as a result stopped fighting and tried with all their might to
bring back the pieces of land together. It was too late because there were about 7,000 pieces of land that
were too far away from the main land. The bird of course finally fulfilled his wish of travelling far and
wide, beyond the horizons.
Continue reading on page 2 for more of the myths, folklores and legends of the Philippines.
In the mountainous hinterlands of Northern Luzon, a young boy named Aliguyon was raised well by his
father and he grew up to become a smart and intelligent leader. He also had the skills and prowess of a
brave and stalwart warrior that children of the villages often looked up to him as a role model.
Now their tribe had a long standing feud over territorial boundaries, with another tribe in another
mountain. To settle it once and for all, Aliguyon challenged the leader of the other tribe to a duel.
However, the leader did not accept the challenge personally but his son, Pumbakhayon did, since he was
an exact match to Aliguyon’s capabilities.
Thus, the two warriors faced each other in a battle they were not prepared for. To Aliguyon’s surprise, his
adversary was as skilled and adept as he was. Accordingly, there was only one spear used because
Aliguyon’s initial attempt to slay Pumbakhayon with a single but powerful thrust of his spear was not
successful. Pumbakhayon was able to catch the spear and used the same weapon by throwing it to
Aliguyon with an equally forceful might. The latter had no other course of action but to catch his spear
and hurl it once more to his opponent.
This duel lasted for three days with nothing transpiring but the swift exchanges of hurls using only a
single spear. On the third day, the two young men decided to stop the senseless exercise and agreed to
talk things over. It became obvious to both of them that they were equals in every aspect despite
belonging to a different tribe. They have come to respect each other’s skills and intelligence, thus
realizing they are capable of settling their issues wisely. Therefore, the duel ended in a treaty and the two
young men became close friends.
Their tribes and the people all lived harmoniously and peacefully. They emulated their leaders as they
settled their differences by recognizing that each tribal member deserves to be accorded with respect
regardless of tribe or stature.
There was once a pretty little girl called Piña, who was loved dearly by her mother to the point of spoiling
her. As Piña grew older, she had become lazy, inconsiderate and self-centered. Yet the mother didn’t
mind her daughter’s behavior, because she wanted Piña to depend on her forever.
One day, the mother fell ill and could not bring herself to cook food for Piña, while the young girl kept
complaining that she was hungry. This time, Piña's mother had to stay firm for the young gril's sake. On
the other hand, Piña forced herself to go to the kitchen, grumbling and resentful that her mother was sick.
The girl half-heartedly set out to cook “lugaw" or rice porridge the way her mother instructed her.
While in the kitchen, Piña kept asking where her mother kept the things she needed.
“Mother, where is the rice keeper?" The mother had to shout her answer several times over because Piña
took ages before she could find whatever it was she was looking for.
Note that to all of Piña’s questions, the sick mother had to shout at the top of her lungs, which only made
her feel worse. Feeling weak and exasperated with Piña’s unending questions, the mother finally lost her
temper and let out a curse: “Heaven forbid child! But I call on all the gods to put eyes all over your face
so you can see the things you’re looking for." Tired and weak Piña’s mother fell asleep.
When the mother woke up, the house was dark and quiet. She called Piña but there was no answer. The
mother willed herself to investigate where Piña could be, but the mother only found the unfinished
cooking task. The mother was saddened by the thought that Piña decided to leave her, because she was
sick and could no longer take care of her daughter.
As she was about to leave the kitchen, she tripped on something that was lying on the floor, all the while
thinking that it was one of Piña’s many things. She picked up the strange looking object, which was
shaped like a human head with tufts of leaves atop its crown.
The mother had an uncanny feeling that the brown circles scattered all over the object reminded her of
Piña’s beautiful brown eyes. Horrified, the mother remembered that she let out a terrible curse on her
daughter before she fell asleep – in fact, she called on all the gods to put eyes all over Piña’s face. Thus,
the strange looking fruit was called “pinya" or pineapple, since Piña simply vanished into thin air.
Travelers coming from Manila going to Southern Luzon will notice a mountainous mound of thick
rainforests looming up ahead. The shape of the mountain takes the form of a woman lying peacefully on
her back. Every home-bred Filipino can easily recognize this as Mount Makiling and the sleeping form of
the woman is that of the mountain’s goddess Maria Makiling.
The mountain is actually an extinct volcano and it has relatively remained unharmed through its years of
existence. Thanks to Maria Makiling’s vigilance in protecting the mountain’s ecosystem. Those who trek
to the mountain are told and forewarned that Maria’s spirit often roams the woods and is capable of doing
harm to those who harm any of the living creatures that live on her mountain. To the locals, she is known
as a “diwata" or goddess of nature. She rewards those who heed her warnings but will severely punish
those who ignore her.
A hunter tells of his experience while in pursuit of a wild boar who had tried to attack him in the deep
forest of Mt. Makiling. As he was about to strike the cornered boar, a beautiful lady with golden-brown
skin and long flowing black hair appeared and admonished him not to kill the wild pig. She patiently
explained with a kind voice that the attack launched by the boar, was only to protect the mountain against
intruders, who may one day take away all the trees in its forest.
The beautiful lady invited him to have supper with her and a place to rest for the night. The hunter felt
humbled that despite being caught red-handed by Maria, she still found it in her heart to be gracious.
Nevertheless, the hunter made a vow to Maria that he will no longer hunt any of the living creatures in
Mt. Makiling ever again, nor take down trees from its forest.
Pleased at what she heard, Maria gave the hunter a “salakot" or buri hat filled with ginger, to take home
as present for his wife. Upon reaching home, he immediately opened his back pack, to unload the heavy
burden off his back. The “salakot" fell off with a heavy thud and revealed golden nuggets instead of
ginger.
However, there are stories about hunters losing their way in the forest and unable to find their way back
home. Others, however, were fortunate to be chanced upon by mountain climbers and hikers; albeit
incoherent and unable to remember their names or where they live. The only thing they can remember is a
beautiful lady who gave them food and shelter for the night.
Filipino literature is rich with myths, folklores, legends of the Philippines and the origins of the many
things that can be seen, heard, felt, smelled, and tasted. There are also tales of heroism, love, compassion
and promises that were fulfilled even after life. Although some stories like the legend of Maria Makiling
tend to scare, they had at least, served the purpose of keeping the rainforest well-preserved with its
ecology still intact.
References
Alamat, A Philippine Folktales, Myths and Legends Page -- http://folktales.webmanila.com/
Introduction to Philippine Folklore -- http://folklore.philsites.net/legends.html
Image Credits: