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Midwifery Management in Cephalopelvic Disproportion
Midwifery Management in Cephalopelvic Disproportion
MIDWIFERY MANAGEMENT IN
CEPHALOPELVIC DISPROPORTION
Members of Group:
SURABAYA
2013
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION..........................................................................1
CHAPTER 2 DISCUSSION..................................................................................3
CHAPTER 3 CLOSING......................................................................................13
3.1 Conclusion....................................................................................................13
REFERENCES.....................................................................................................14
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
3.1 Conclusion
Cephalopelvic disproportion (CPD) is a condition in which the presenting
part of the fetus (usually the head) is too large to pass through the woman’s pelvis.
Because of the disproportion, it becomes physically impossible for the fetus to be
delivered vaginally, and cesarean birth is necessary.
CPD is suspected when the newborn’s head does not continue to descend
even though the woman is having strong uterine contractions. Excessive fetal size
may be associated with diabetes mellitus, multiparity, and genetics (one or both
parents of large size). A large newborn (macrosomia) can cause difficulty in birth
of the shoulders (shoulder dystocia).
Physical examination and ultrasound are very useful in evaluating CPD.
Labor pattern for primigravidas can be vaginal labor with trial of labor first. If
normal labor pattern are not reestablished in a reasonable period, the
cephalopelvic relationship must again be evaluate and cesarean section may
become necessary
Maternal complications that can occur are exhaustion, hemorrhage, and
infection. Birth trauma and anoxia are complications for the fetus.
REFERENCES
Liselele, Boulvain, Tshibangu, & Meuris. (2000). Maternal height and external
pelvimetry to predict cephalopelvic disproportion in nulliparous African
women: a cohort study. British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology,
107:947-52.
Mahmood, T., Campbell, D., & Wilson, A. (1988). Maternal height, shoe size, and
outcome of labour in white primigravidas: a prospective anthropometric
study. BMJ, 297:515-7.
O’Driscoll, K., Jackson, R., & Gallagher, J. (1970). Active management of labour
and cephalopelvic disproportion. J Obstet Gynaecol Br Common, 77:385-
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Philpott, R. (1982). The Recognition Of Cephalopelvic Disproportion. Clin
Obstetrics Gynaecology, 9:609-24.
Stewart, K., Cowan, D., & Philpott, R. (1979). Pelvic Dimensions And The
Outcome Of Trial Labour In Shona And Zulu Primigravidas. S Afr
Medical Journal, 55:847-51.
Tsu, V. (1992). Maternal height and age: risk factors for cephalopelvic
disproportion in Zimbabwe. Int J Epidemiology, 21:941-6.
Young, T., & Woodmansee, B. (2002). Factors that are associated with cesarean
delivery in a large private practice: The importance of prepregnancy body
mass index and weight gain. Am J Obstetrics Gynecology, 187:312-20.
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