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APES Chapter 17 Test
APES Chapter 17 Test
1. Of the following risks to human health, which causes the most human deaths? (1 point)
Consumer risks
2.
Chemical risks
Biological risks
Personal risks
Physical risks
2. As a country transitions from a poor, developing country to a more affluent, developed country
its health risks for disease change. Which of the following best represents the change in risk
3. Individuals living on the Japanese islands must live with constant geologic activity in the form
of earthquakes and volcanoes. These people face what type of risk to human health on a daily
basis? (1 point)
Physical risk
4.
Parasite risk
Biological risk
Biochemical risk
Chemical risk
Cholera
5.
Tuberculosis
Plague
Swine Flu
Hepatitis
5. Which virus likely spread to humans when hunters butchered and ate chimpanzees? (1 point)
H1N1
6.
Hantavirus
Ebola virus
HIV
Human Monkey Pox
6. Individuals living near the Republic of Congo in Africa face an extreme biological risk. If
infected with this risk, they face a 50 to 90% chance of death due to fever, vomiting, and
sometimes internal and external bleeding. This disease risk is: (1 point)
HIV/AIDS
7.
the Ebola virus
dengue fever
malaria
human monkey pox
7. The disease that led to the destruction of hundreds of thousands of cows world-wide and
8. An advancement in medical research allows individuals infected with HIV/AIDS to lead longer
10. Use Figure 17-1. In 2009, the greatest increase in the number of women newly infected with
Asia
11.
sub-Saharan Africa
Central and South America
North America and Western and Central Europe
Caribbean
11. Use Figure 17-1. in 2009, the number of newly HIV-infected individuals worldwide was
approximately (1 point)
200,000
12.
1,300,000
1,700,000
2,600,000
26,000,000
12. Use Figure 17-1. In 2009, the percentage of newly HIV-infected individuals who lived in North
0.25%
13.
1%
4%
8.5%
10%
13. Most insecticides are highly effective due to their ability to impair nerve transmission in
teratogens
14.
allergens
neurotoxins
endocrine disrupters
carcinogens
asbestos
15.
lead
atrazine
thalidomide
DDT
15. Use Table 17-2. Which risk factor is higher for the overall population than it is for high-income
individuals? (1 point)
alcohol use
16.
illicit drugs
tobacco use
All of the factors are higher for the overall population than for high-income
None of the risk factors are higher for the overall population than for high-income
individuals.
16. Use Figure 17-2. Which of the following is an accurate comparison of the use of tobacco
17. The teratogen used in the 1950s and 1960s to treat morning sickness in pregnant women was
estrogen
18.
atrazine
phthalate
thalidomide
testosterone
I. Dose-response studies
I only
20.
II only
I and III only
II and III only
I, II, and III
20. Use Figure 17-4. The threshold of the hypothetical chemical is approximately (1 point)
1 hypothetical unit
21.
3 hypothetical units
5.5 hypothetical units
8 hypothetical units
10 hypothetical units
21. Use Figure 17-4. The LD50 of the hypothetical chemical is approximately (1 point)
3 hypothetical units
22.
4.5 hypothetical units
5.5 hypothetical units
7 hypothetical units
10 hypothetical units
22. Use Figure 17-4. The point on the curve where the two dashed lines intersect represents all of
23. The US legislation that provides for the regulation of many chemicals by the EPA, not including
24. A study was conducted on a new herbicide and the ED50 for mice was determined to be 40
mg/kg. What would be the concentration deemed "safe for humans" by the EPA? (1 point)
40 mg/kg
25.
20 mg/kg
4 mg/kg
0.2 mg/kg
0.04 mg/kg
25. A study focusing on the long term effects of a chemical on the reproduction of trout would be
prospective study
26.
chronic study
ED50 study
acute study
retrospective study
26. The nuclear accident at Chernobyl in 1986 has provided scientists with data on the effects of
radiation on humans. This study of radiation sickness and thyroid cancers would be best
retrospective study
27.
chronic study
acute study
prospective study
LD50 study
27. Asbestos exposure is more dangerous to individuals who smoke cigarettes. This is due
to (1 point)
28. In an estuary a zooplankton consumes a phytoplankton with a small globule of PCBs attached
to it. A fish consumes the zooplankton as well as many other zooplankton. A larger fish
consumes the small fish and then a gull consumes the larger fish. The increased concentration
biomagnification
29.
bioaccumulation
synergistic properties
PCB persistance
synergistic interactions
I. UV radiation
II. pregnancy
I
30.
III
I and II
I and III
I, II, and III
30. When a chemical manufacturing company develops a chemical, extensively tests it, discovers
precautionary principle
31.
actual risk probability principle
risk management principle
risk assessment and management principle
innocent-until-proven-guilty principle
31. Which international agreement placed restriction on a list of 12 chemicals, known as "the dirty
dozen?" (1 point)
bubonic plague
33.
malaria
ebola
mad cow disease
tuberculosis
34.