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Bab 2 PDF
Bab 2 PDF
JPN SELANGOR
TEMPAT
HOTEL ROSA PASSADENA, CAMERON HIGHLANDS
KUMPULAN 3
KASMAIDI BIN AB.KADER (SMK
KG.SOEHARTO)
HANITA SAMADI (SMK SEKSYEN 24 SHAH
ALAM)
ROZEE BT HJ.RUSLANI (SMK BDR TUN
HUSSEIN ONN 2)
NOR AZLINA ZAINAL ABIDIN (SMK TAMAN
SEA)
NORPISHAH BT MD.REJAB (SMK DENGKIL)
OBJEKTIF PEMBELAJARAN
1. Menyatakan latar belakang tamadun Yunani, Rom,
India dan China.
2. Mengenal pasti aspek-aspek yang membawa kepada
peningkatan tamadun.
3. Menghuraikan sumbangan tamadun Yunani, Rom,
India dan China.
4. Merasionalkan kepentingan agama dan ajaran
utama dunia dalam perkembangan tamadun
manusia.
YUNANI
ROM
CHINA
INDIA
KEDUDUKAN TAMADUN
DALAM PETA DUNIA
ASPEK PENINGKATAN TAMADUN:
PEMERINTAHAN & PENTADBIRAN T
U
PERUNDANGAN
K
PERLUASAN KUASA E
PENINGKATAN EKONOMI S
A
PENINGKATAN SOSIAL
H
PENDIDIKAN DAPAT
FALSAFAH FULUS
TAPI
SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI BUAT
SENI BINA SAMPAH
BAHASA & SASTERA SARAP
SISTEM SOSIAL
MONARKI
OLIGARKI
ARISTOKRASI
TIRANI/DIKTATOR
DEMOKRASI
PERBEZAAN DEMOKRASI
UNDANG-UNDANG DIGUBAL
OLEH DEWAN PERHIMPUNAN
The Kalinga War a Change of Heart During Ashoka's grandfather's time the Kalinga army had
only 60,000 infantry, 1,000 cavalry and 700 elephants. During Bindusara's reign and at the
beginning of Ashoka's reign Kalinga must have improved its armed forces considerably.
The mighty Magadha army marched towards Kalinga. Ashoka himself went at the head of his vast
army.
The Kalinga army resisted the Magadha army and fought bravely. They were not afraid even of
death. But their valor and sacrifices were in vain. Every thinner and finally it accepted defeat.
Ashoka won a glorious victory.
'What Have I done!
True, Ashoka was victorious and Kalinga was his.
What was the price of this victory?
One of Ashoka's own inscriptions describes it:
One and a half people were taken prisoners. A lake was killed during the battle. Many more died
as a result of the war.'
Ashoka who led the army saw the battlefield with his own eyes.
As far as his eye could see he saw only the corpses of elephants and horses, and the limbs of
soldiers killed in the battle. There were streams of blood. Soldiers were rolling on the ground in
unbearable pain. There were orphaned children. And eagles flew about to feast on the dead
bodies.
Not one or two but hundreds of terrible sights greeted Ashoka's eyes. His heart was broken with
grief and shame.
He felt unhappy over the victory, which he had won at the cost of so much suffering. 'What a
dreadful deed have I done! I was the head of a vast empire, but I longed to subjugate a small
kingdom and caused the death of thousands of soldiers; I widowed thousands of women and
orphaned thousands of children. With these oppressive thoughts in his minds he could not stay
there any longer. He led his army back towards Pataliputra with a heavy heart.
PENINGKATAN EKONOMI INDIA
HASIL
PERDAGANGA
N
HASIL
BUAH-
BUAHAN
SARA ANGGOTA
TENTERA,
PENTADBIR, RAJA
KEMAJUAN EKONOMI
PENDIDIKAN DI INDIA
FALSAFAH INDIA
SENI BINA
BAHASA DAN KESUSASTERAAN
BAHASA
SISTEM KASTA
TUJUAN