DWELL and rehabilitate marvila

URBAN REGENERATION - STREET FERNANDO STRAW TO THE RIVER.

Name

Marcelo Vieira da Silva

(Licensed)

Master's Final draft prepared for obtaining the Master's Degree in Architecture

Scientific Orientation

Luís Filipe Ferreira Afonso

Jury

President: Dr. José António Martins Fitted Jacob, assistant professor

Member: Dr. Hugo José Abranches Teixeira Lopes Farias, assistant professor

Advisor: Dr. Luis Filipe Ferreira Afonso, associate professor

FINAL DOCUMENT

Lisbon, Faculty of Architecture of the University of Lisbon, June, 2017

DWELL and rehabilitate marvila

URBAN REGENERATION - STREET FERNANDO STRAW TO THE RIVER.

Student Name: Marcelo Vieira da Silva

Orientation: Luís Filipe Ferreira Afonso

Master: Architecture

Date: September 2017

summary

Historic cities such as the city of Lisbon, for economic, cultural and social reasons, along with the lack of

strategic urban planning and contextualized in the city, tend to grow and develop,

broken down toward the periphery, creating, throughout its growth areas and areas that have lost their

their function and were not retrofitted. Are these vacant spaces and delivered to uncertain that this work

focuses. This work intends to then counter this steady growth to the periphery and

redirect you to fill in the existing urban voids, explaining the importance and added value

they present under the stimulation and consolidation of cities.

With the intervention place in the parish of Marvila (Lisbon), more specifically in the area where the old laboring

Factory Silver Arm, we intend to develop proposals and solutions for this area and unconsolidated

decontextualized, not only for its geographical potentiality in the city while riverfront, but also

the urgent need for action we need. Understand what the issues that make one Marvila

fragmented parish and try to respond with the most appropriate solutions within the current city and context

in order to meet their needs, with the aim of returning to Lisbon Marvila. These

solutions consist of a group of buildings which includes a diverse typological program consisting of

economic housing units, spaces intended for commerce and services, offices and workshops, spaces

multifunctional, among others, and not least public space, consisting of pedestrian avenues

bind to Fernando Street Straw to the river through a pleasant journey outdoors among diverse vegetation.

Key words: Urban Renewal, Urban renewal, riverfront, Empty Urban Public Space,

Collective Housing, Marvila

I
II
OCCUPY AND rehabilitate marvila

URBAN REGENERATION - FROM FERNANDO STRAW TO THE RIVER.

Student's name: Marcelo Vieira da Silva

Adviser: Luís Filipe Ferreira Afonso

Master's degree: Architecture

Date: September, 2017

Abstract

Historical cities such as the city of Lisbon, for economic, cultural and social Reasons, along with the lack

of strategic urban planning and contextualized in the city, tend to grow and Develop with disaggregated parts

towards the peripheries, creating, throughout its growth, spaces and areas have lost That Their function and have

Not Been retrofitted. This article is about Those empty spaces and urban "gaps" That Were Given to an uncertain

end. The present work intends to counteract this growth towards the peripheries constant and redirect it to fill the

existing urban voids, explaining the importance and the added value que They represent in the context of the

dynamization and consolidation of cities.

With the intervention area in the parish of Marvila (Lisbon) More specifically in the area where the old factory of

Silver Arm was built, it is intended to Develop solutions for this unconsolidated and decontextualized area, not

only for its geographical potential of the riverfront, but Also by the urgent need for intervention That It lacks. Understand

Which problems make Marvila to fragmented Parish and try to Respond with the most Appropriate solutions Within

the context of the current city, with the aim of reintegrate Marvila in the city of Lisbon. These solutions consist of

the built complex que integrates the diversified typological program, Consisting of economic housing units, spaces

for trading and services, offices and workshops, multifunctional spaces, among others, and in the less important

public space, Consisting of pedestrian avenues que connect Fernando Straw street to the river, through the pleasant

course in the open air, among diversified vegetation.

keywords: Urban Regeneration, Urban Rehabilitation,, Riverfront, Urban "Gaps" Public Space, Colective Housing,

Marvila

III
IV
"Space and light and order. Those are the things que men just need the much As They need bread or a place to sleep. "
Le Corbusier

V
SAW
General index

Summary ................................................. .................................................. .................................................. I .........

Abstract ................................................. .................................................. .................................................. ....... III

General index ................................................ .................................................. .................................................. vii.

Figures or Pictures Index ............................................. .................................................. ............................. IX

Introduction ................................................. .................................................. .............................................. 1

Context / Choice of Thesis ............................................. .................................................. ................. 1

Theme ................................................. .................................................. ............................................. 1

Motivation / Goals ............................................... .................................................. ..................... 1

State of art ............................................... .................................................. .......................................... 3

Summary of matters discussed .............................................. .................................................. ............ 3

Defining concepts ............................................... .................................................. ..................... 3

Historical background of Lisbon ............................................ ........................................ 7

Historical background of Marvila in Lisbon .......................................... .......................... 8

Post-industrialization of Eastern Lisbon. Marvila in historical context ............................................ 8

Current marvila: The Case of the Silver Arm Factory ....................................... ................................. 9

Analysis of the intervention area ............................................. .................................................. .......... 10

Summary / Conclusion Chapter ............................................. .................................................. ...... 13

Study cases ............................................... .................................................. ..................................... 15

Procedure for selection of case studies ........................................... ............................................. 15

Park of Nations / Expo '98 | Lisbon, Portugal | 1993-1998 ............................................... ............ 16

Baths, Patio | Marcadal Es, Spain | 2011 ................................................. ................................... 20

Housing unit - "the radiant city" | Marseille, France | 1952 ............................................. 22

Project Specification .............................................. .................................................. ................ 27

Location ................................................. .................................................. .................................. 27

General options of the developed solution ............................................. .............................................. 27

The relationship between elements ............................................... .................................................. ........ 27

Avenues garden and the new urban park .......................................... ............................................ 28

Pedestrian circulation and road .............................................. .................................................. ... 28

Morphology of the land: Street connection to Fernando Straw-garden avenues ..................................... 29

The built ................................................ .................................................. ............................... 29

Description of Buildings ............................................... .................................................. .................. 31

Set built B1 - B4 and Program Distribution system ........................................ .............. 31

Built set A1 - A4: Program and Distribution system ........................................ .............. 33

building system ................................................ .................................................. ................... 35

Sunshine / shading ............................................... .................................................. 35 .........

VII
 Outside materialities ................................................ .................................................. ........... 36

Interior materialities ................................................ .................................................. ........... 36

housing typologies ................................................ .................................................. ............ 37

Framework architecture project areas built set A1 - A4 ..................................... ..... 39

Conclusions ................................................. .................................................. .......................................... 41

Bibliography ................................................. .................................................. .................................................. . 43

Attachments ................................................. .................................................. .................................................. ....... 47

VIII
Figures or Pictures Index

Figure 1 - Location Maps PORTUGAL | LISBON | Marvila ................................................. ................... 1

Figure 2 - Intervention Area: Land existing vacant between Rua Fernando Straw and the Tagus River ........................... 2

Figure 3 - High Line Park, New York ......................................... .................................................. .................... 6

Figure 4 - Lisbon Growth of the twelfth to the twentieth. .................................................. ..................................... 7

Figure 5 - Images of the old Silver Arm war materials factory when laboring. .......................... 10

Figure 6 - Intervention area: before and after ........................................ .................................................. ......... 13

Figure 7 - orthophotomap the location and configuration of the Nations Park of the parish (in red) and the area
intervention (yellow) ............................................. .................................................. ..................................... 16

Figure 8 - Aerial view of Nations Park before the regeneration plan for Expo '98, where the records are
existence of numerous petrochemical and gas holders ........................................... ............................... 17

Figure 9 - Aerial view of the Park of Nations after the construction of the regeneration plan for the Expo '98 ........ 17

Figure 10 - Atlantic Pavilion SOM authored the project and Regino Cruz .................................... ....................... 18

Figure 11 - Vasco da Gama Tower, SOM designed by project and PROFABRIL (architectural Nick Jacobs and Leonor
January) ................................................ .................................................. .................................................. ....... 18

Figure 12 - Lisbon Oceanarium, project by Peter Chermayeff ..................................... ...................... 18

Figure 13 - Knowledge Pavilion, a project written by João Luís Carrilho da Graça ................................. 18

Figure 14 - Casino Lisboa ............................................. .................................................. ................................. 18

Figure 15 - Portugal Pavilion, project by Alvaro Siza Vieira .................................... ...................... 19

Figure 16 - Cable .............................................. .................................................. ....................................... 19

Figure 17 - intermodal station Gare do Oriente, Santiago Calatrava designed by project .............................. 19

Figure 18 - Marina Park of Nations .......................................... .................................................. ............. 19

Figure 19 - International Fair of Lisbon (FIL), project by Alberto France Doria and Antonio Barreiros Ferreira
..................... . ................................................ ................................................................................................ . 19

Figure 20 - Vasco da Gama Bridge, designed by architects Michel Virlogeux, Charles Lavigne, Armando Rito and
Alain Montois ................................................ .................................................. ................................................ 19

Figure 21 - Centro Comercial Vasco da Gama, authored the project ..................................... ............................ 19

Figure 22 - Towers of St. Gabriel and St. Raphael, projects by José Quintela .............................. ........... 19

Figure 23 - Alameda dos Oceanos, one of the many gardens that make up the project. There was
Concern to separate the pedestrian circulation system of road, removing the latter from the riverfront,
releasing it only to pedestrian traffic .......................................... .................................................. ........... 19

Figure 24 - Location Maps SPAIN | BALEARIC | ES MARCADAL ........................................... 20

Figure 25 - Aerial view of the building during the construction phase of its ..................................... .............................. 20

Figure 26 - (top) of the upper plant with two circulation galleries marked in red; ................ 20

Figure 27 - Plant of the apartment types ........................................ ........................................... 21

Figure 28 - (top) views street. Left, view of the East facade; right view of the south façade .......... 21

Figure 29 - Location of plants: France | Marseille | Boulevard Michelet (Unit d'Habitation) ..................... 22

Figure 30 - Aerial Views: left, South and East facades; right, South and West facades ......................... 22

IX
Figure 31 - Plant-type building .......................................... .................................................. ........................ 23

Figure 32 - Cross section of the building ........................................... .................................................. ............ 24

Figure 33 - cell binomial: cross-section (top) and plants of the three B levels (below) .. 24

Figure 34 - Three-dimensional representation of a B cell ........................................ ....................... 25

Figure 35 - View underneath the building, at street level dimension, showing the pillars that support ................... 26

Figure 36 - image of one of the facades, showing the loggias and its polychrome .................................. ......... 26

Figure 37 - View the level of coverage .......................................... .................................................. .................. 26

Figure 38 - Seventh floor plan: services and trade ....................................... .............................................. 26

Figure 39 - the eighth floor plan: services and trade ....................................... ................................................ 26

Figure 40 - Coating plant ............................................ .................................................. ........................... 26

Figure 41 - View of the north facade ........................................... .................................................. ....................... 26

Figure 42 - Interior view of an apartment: living area, a double height ................................. ................. 26

Figure 43 - Interior view of an apartment: loggia ........................................ .................................................. 26

Figure 44 - Interior view of an apartment: ........................................ ................................................ 26

Figure 45 - Urban Design: general implementation plan of the proposed ...................................... ......................... 30

Figure 46 - Schematic plan of identification of the different built blocks developed in urban design.
..................... . ................................................ ................................................................................................ . 31

Figure 47 - Schematic Axonometria exploded spatial organization and programmatic typologies B3 Block
..................... . ................................................ ................................................................................................ . 32

Figure 48 - Urban design: Cross section of the set built B1 - B4 .................................... ................. 33

Figure 49 - Urban design: It raised south of the blocks A1 and B1 ..................................... ......................................... 33

Figure 50 - Assembly Plant A1 - A4, the floor level of 4: location of the storage serving the housing and
ateliers ................................................. .................................................. .................................................. ....... 34

Figure 51- Urban design: Cross-section of the set built A1 - A4 .................................... .................. 34

Figure 52 - Schematic Axonometria exploded spatial organization and programmatic typologies assembly
built A1 - A4 .............................................. .................................................. ............................................. 35

Figure 53 - Plants of housing types 1 and 2 ....................................... .................................................. 38

Figure 54 - type plants of housing 3 ......................................... .................................................. ...... 38

X
 Introduction

Context / Choice of Thesis

This Final Exam Master continues the work done in the course of Laboratory

VI Project consisting of urban analysis of Marvila Parish and requalification of the proposed

different zones previously defined by the teacher and assigned to different working groups.

Theme

The intervention area for which this paper is concerned, corresponds to the area where the old labored

Factory Silver Arm (Marvila South) along the Tagus River, specifically in large existing wasteland,

Fernando Street between the straw and the river. The theme "To live and rehabilitate Marvila. urban redevelopment - From

Rua Fernando Straw to Rio "then comes the need to densify and invigorate this parish that is

segregated, by proposing new built incorporating different architectural types (housing,

trade, services, offices and public outdoor space).

Figure 1 - Location Maps PORTUGAL | LISBON | marvila

Motivation / Goals

Marvila-South is one of the most typical neighborhoods of Lisbon, and was until mid-century. XX essentially zone

rural and industrial. The intervention area (Silver-river arm) is currently not consolidated area and

decontextualized city, dominated by vacant lots large and old buildings

industry in a state of deterioration. This area is in urgent need of intervention, not only in order to

1
safeguard existing assets but also and mainly for its geographical potential as

riverfront and its ability to articulate important points of the city, such as the eastern part of the Expo, the

Terreiro do Paco and Santa Apolonia and Areeiro / Alvalade, which are the main objectives of this Proof Final

Master.

Therefore this work aims to urban regeneration in this area, giving it a connotation and meaning in

city: it is intended to explore the paths and accessibility of different modes of transport, and redesign project

new green spaces, especially requalifying the riverfront of the intervention area in direct contact

with the river (the east of Av. Port of waist), create new public spaces that address different types,

such as trade, services, culture, multifunctional units (economic profitability, community activities,

. Workshops, among other uses), etc., and to create new housing units of non-current use:

affordable housing to special sections of the population (elderly and old "not active"); temporary housing for

students, researchers, temporary workers; housing for displaced persons and refugees; cost houses

reasonable for young people starting an independent life and collective housing structures to,

Programmatically, variations in composition and size of aggregates that inhabit. Regarding this

perspective is possible to identify five different themes to consider in the intervention area: tourism, culture,

work, support to the population and housing.

The thesis project also aims at the rehabilitation of some existing buildings, mainly of industrial,

which are vacant and deteriorating state by identifying the proposed new uses.

Figure 2 - Intervention Area: Land existing vacant between Fernando Straw and the Tagus River Street

2
 State of art

Summary of matters discussed

In a first approach to this literature review identifies and sets up the various intervention mechanisms,

in architecture and urbanism, which are directly related to the work developed here.

Also in this part defines the concept of Urban empty, being an integral part of the intervention area.

The second and third part are related to the area of ​intervention. He sought in the first place,

contextualize in general the city of Lisbon, realizing its growth since the sixth century. To XVIII

present and how this influenced the growth neighborhood Marvila. Then, proceed to

historical context of Marvila, the parish study, which describes the effects of industrialization and post-

industrialization in the parish and, more specifically, in the intervention site - the area of ​the Silver Arm.

The third and final part is devoted to urban analysis of the place of intervention, which explains the procedure

analysis of work in the course of IV Project Laboratory, and the conclusions drawn.

Definition of concepts

Urban requalification

"Recover the sense of the residential location of the population, through multiple actions and measures, ranging from

infrastructuring the enhancement of internal and external image, through the provision of appropriate services and the

equity in access to employment. All roads, the new street or village should lead to the metropolis without

return trauma (s). The strategy should lead to actions to find and qualify the soul of the places,

by our memory, by experience, by heritage - what is inherited and import value, as well as what

must build on the spirit of the time "( CEDRU 1990: 5)

urban renewal it is a territorial recovery and restructuring process within the checking

urban spaces new qualities, economic, social, environmental and physical character.

Urban rehabilitation

This concept refers to the process of transformation of urban space, comprising the execution of works

conservation, restoration and rehabilitation of buildings and urban spaces, in order to improve their

conditions of use and habitability keeping, however, its fundamental character (DGOTDU, 1998).

According to Teresa Barata Salgueiro (1992: 390) " Rehabilitation is an integrated process over an area to be

maintain or protect. Overall involves restoration or conservation of real estate, which some call

physical, and functional revitalization, namely the promotion of the economic and social fabric, since

3
keep a neighborhood implies retain their functional characteristics, increase their attractiveness, either

for the inhabitants, either for the exercise of economic and social activities compatible with the residence. "

Over time, cities are witnessing a process of eviction and subsequent degradation

gradually building. This degradation is a result not only of their own aging and use of overload, but

also for reasons of architectural character as the mismatch of building materials for new ways

of life. The concept of Urban Rehabilitation then emerges as a solution to this problem and is

especially in a set of recovery interventions built or pre-existing urban spaces,

giving them new uses and housing conditions.

Urban regeneration

According to the New Law of General Bases of the Public Lands Policy of Spatial Planning and Urbanism,

and in particular in accordance with its Clause 61, the concept of urban regeneration is "A form of intervention

integrated territorial combining rehabilitation measures with demolition works and new construction and measures

appropriate economic revitalization, social and cultural and strengthening cohesion and territorial potential. ".

Urban renewal

According to Teresa Barata Salgueiro (1992: 390) "Renewal is the action by which to exchanging the

existing structures; therefore it involves the demolition of buildings and the construction of new buildings. It could be spot

or diffuse when the result of private initiative, if today destroys one built here tomorrow and there, without changing the

pre-existing network, or total when it comes to a planned operation on an area in order to change

of the buildings and also the urban area and the supporting infrastructure. "

By urban renewal means, then a set of urban operations that cover a territory

unbundled and mostly degraded, which is not recognized architectural assets value or motif

Preservation and then proceeds to the replacement of the existing building.

empty Urban

Urban Voids: what they are and how they came about?

"Urban Void is an expression with some ambiguity: even because the land can not be literally empty, but

meet simply devalued with reuse potential to other destinations, more or less

full ... In the most general sense denotes landlocked areas in the consolidated city, and to forget others

"Empty", less recoverable, the peripheries of incomplete or fragmented, whose use could be decisive

4
to revitalize this town reurbanizar or-other. So the idea that now prevails in Europe, that it should

filling the voids (fine) as urban and peri sustain dispersion is randomly picks as a rule, can even

come to worsen the environmental conditions of central cities and postpone the upgrading of the periphery, however,

It continues to spread despite this filling of internal voids. " 1

In the city of today it is common to have small or large spaces, buildings or areas

urban that at some point in the history of the city, lost its function and its use in the city and were abandoned

the population, leaving these obsolete spaces, stuck in time and delivered to the uncertain. These areas

called urban empty part of the city but do not accompany it in its growth. constitute a

problems of urban point of view, to the extent that defragment and desunificam the city, you want to

be established and function as a whole, and also pose a threat to the environmental conditions and

safety of the city due to lack of human control and maintenance.

Cities are part of a rapid and steady growth and tend to expand and disperse the territory in

and towards the adjacent peripheral areas. If these cities do not have a strategic urban planning

and effective and the ability to readjust and regenerate their areas, which in economic, social or cultural reasons,

They lost its use will continue to grow towards its borders and increasingly are emerging these interstices

the consolidated city, completely decontextualized in relation to the city, resulting in waste and

wastage of urban territory.

Many architects and planners see the urban voids as great opportunities, beneficial to the city, from the point

of view of the possibility to retrofit those spaces to new uses that might possibly answer

needs that the city is looking to meet, such as the old factories, warehouses and slaughterhouses

which today are new industries, sports equipment, universities, shopping malls, etc ... and as is the case of

old railway and port ranges that turned into beautiful urban parks or public squares.

But this transformation of the gaps in opportunities may have negative consequences if not previously

a strategic and appropriate economic plan and a feasibility study by the municipal authorities. Would you like

private owners or public property seek first of all the "heel" of the land value 2, what

mainly due to the geographical location of its land and buildings in the city, tend to have a price

too high whose activity or only a certain type of building (such as gyms, and shopping malls by

example) can afford because investors can recover in the short or medium term, the amount invested, the

Contrary to what happens in public projects such as urban parks or university facilities. In addition to the value

1 Nuno Portas, "From empty to full." Urbanism # 2 notebooks

2 Nuno Portas, "From empty to full." Urbanism # 2 notebooks

5
land be a serious constraint, joins the price of expropriation of existing obsolete buildings in

empty urban, which consists of the demolition of these or in moving to other places, in new installations.

Figure 3 - High Line Park, New York

Built in 1930 in the western city of New York, this was an old line train, suspended above the surface
avoid car intersection crashes and trains and to release the car traffic. After its decline in the years 80/90, this
equipment has been abandoned and turned into urban void. Years later it was retrofitted, and is currently one of the green parks
most known and used in New York, enabling people to contemplate magnificent views of the city and the Hudson River and
enjoy beautiful walks and leisure time.

There are several reasons that lead to the emergence of these urban voids, mostly war motives and

socioeconomic. The Second World War was one of the main causes of urban voids appearance in

many European cities, such as Warsaw and Berlin. Some of these cities saw their centers

historical completely destroyed, leaving only empty or parts of something that is not, but loaded

memory meaning and 3.

After the Industrial Revolution and the consequent improvement of shipping, the need to move the

industries and port platforms for coastal and maritime areas, in order to facilitate trade and

flow of goods and raw materials, which led to the appearance of the said port cities. But with

the economic crisis of the 70s and the consequent increase in the land value of the spaces where these industries and

port platforms had settled, they felt the need to leave the centers of

cities and move to the next major roads and motorways, due to the fact that now the

road transport prevail on maritime transport, with regard to costs and logistics expenses.

Thus began to emerge in the city centers and waterfronts, vacant spaces and character of obsolete

3 Jairo Emanuel Salgado da Silva Gonçalves, "Inhabiting, and Enable Marvila" - Final Draft Master, Lisbon, FAUL,

February, 2015
6
industrial, often located in areas of the city of high importance and geographical potential, and

now they are in a rapid and steady state of degradation, without any time limit provided for upgrading.

So is the case of the area under study - the parish of Marvila.

Historical background of Lisbon

The development of Lisbon started gaining prominence mainly in the Age of Discovery,

in the century. XVI. With the rise of sea routes, Lisbon and its waterfront quickly became one

place strong importance in the national and international trade.

Figure 4 - Lisbon Growth of the twelfth to the twentieth.

Insert the Lisbon metropolitan area in the country, the Iberian Peninsula and Europe (Gaspar, J. 2003)

Located next to the estuary of a river large, able to receive and dock ships of large sizes,

Lisbon met here the economic potential that the Tagus river meant to the city and the country. Taking

advantage of this fact, the growth of Lisbon gave his first big "jump" between the eighteenth centuries and

XIX. In this period the city grows primarily along its riverfront (as can be seen on the map

1850 of Figure 3) and only later, toward the inside.

In 1755, after the earthquake, he was made the first major landfill in the city with the downtown reconstruction plan

Pombal, designed by the architect Eugénio dos Santos and approved by the then Secretary of State, José Sebastião

de Carvalho e Melo (Marques de Pombal), and the King Joseph I. It is built then the Praça do Comércio, which opens

the horizons of the city to the river Tagus.

With the advent of the steam engine and the consequent industrial revolution in Portugal, more and more industries

moved to the city, along the Tagus river, until there is a need to renew and improve the platforms

7
existing port and on 31 October 1887 is then opened the new Port of Lisbon, authored by

engineers João Matos and Adolfo Loureiro and approved by the Minister António Maria Fontes Pereira de Melo and King

Don Luis I.

Inevitably, the construction of the new Port of Lisbon (1887-1909) conditioned dramatically the face

the city, separating it from the river, particularly in the east, from the Palace Square to Xabregas. each

localities most affected by this new urban equipment was Marvila.

The parish of Marvila during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries was an essentially rural character of the locality, composed

by farms, palaces, and Solar some Convents that have been abandoned after the 1755 earthquake or destroyed.

Industrial owners saw then in Marvila the ideal place for they hosted their factories and from the century

XIX, together with the creation of the railway line in 1886, Marvila now has an essentially industrial character.

However, with the decline in port activity recorded in the 70s and the consequent relocation of

industries by technological, logistic and economic issues, in Marvila (and a bit all over the eastern part of

Lisbon) began to appear obsolete spaces and buildings.

In the late twentieth century, in the 90s, Lisbon promotes a series of urban projects for the requalification

and revitalization of these obsolete spaces in the eastern part of Lisbon, as was the case of the regeneration project

Urban Park of Nations, for Expo '98.

Historical background of Marvila in Lisbon

Marvila as parish, was born on 7 February 1959. But its settlement dates back to pre times

historical, where there was the Roman and Visigoth presence. It is now a parish in the municipality of Lisbon,

with about 6.29 km² area and a population of 38,102 inhabitants (according to the Census, 2011). It lies in

east of Lisbon, and is bounded to the north by the parishes of Groves and Park of Nations, to the east by

Tagus River, south of the parishes and Beato Areeiro and to the west by the parish of Alvalade. It is crossed by two

valleys, the Fundão Valley and Chelas Valley and has two city parks, the Parque da Bela Vista and Valley Park

Fundão.

It consists of 10 neighborhoods: Neighborhoods of pins and Salted, County District, Bairro Lóios Quarter of

Almond, Town of Flemish Owner Neighborhood Neighborhood Marques de Abrantes, Town of North and PRODAC

PRODAC South, or Vale Fundão, Vale Formoso do Bairro and Bishop Pit (Old Marvila area).

Post-industrialization of Eastern Lisbon. Marvila in historical context

Throughout the second half of the century. XIX, there has been a strong and rapid growth in the eastern riverfront

Lisbon, related to the establishment of industries, port activities and a growing movement of people and

goods, reinforced by the construction of the Santa Apolonia Station in 1860.

8
Farmhouses, ancient palaces and monasteries were converted into factories and warehouses, and new housing typologies

They were introduced as villages and patios. There arose, urban and industrial large-scale plants, such as the

Soaps, Rubber, the matches, the Tobacco, War Material, companies warehouses as Abel

Pereira Fonseca or corporate headquarters such as José Domingos Barreiros, which are emblematic of the historical course

this territory. Marvila became then a "Sea chimneys and people" ( Republic, "the Lisbon that

works ", 1940).

But in the 80s and 90s, according to Barata Salgueiro (2001: 141) "Industrial decline Lisbon accelerates and

city ​loses weight by the number of companies, jobs and gross value added. " It is then attends to a process

gradual deindustrialization of Lisbon and the consequent relocation of industries on the outskirts of

City.

The eastern waterfront of Lisbon, strongly affected by this process of de-industrialization, it is still

today characterized by situations of "ruin" and "abandonment", splurge and Custódio (1999: 10) argue that

It could have been avoided "Disappearance of the industrial image of Lisbon, as important a cultural design

the metropolis, as are the palaces, churches, convents and farms and some elements of street furniture and

rural".

Marvila with Bl were during the first half of the century. XX, spaces urban socialization and

integration of people who migrated from the fields ( Nunes and Sequeira, 2011: 4). There has been a period of

rapid population growth has contributed to the formation of a particular " urban constellation "(Park, 1984)

which was sustained by their economic, residential and urban socialization. However, with the loss

these functions also lost it is the internal relationship that Marvila established with the city, reinforced with

disappearance of Electrical and a consequent reduction in population vitality. That that formerly

designated a "sea chimneys and people" is now replaced by a " cemetery factories "And a small,

aged and invisible " World resistant "(Coelho, 2006).

Current marvila: The Case of the Silver Arm Factory

It is manifested in the parishes of Marvila and Chelas, interest in the revitalization of these areas of the city, by

City Hall structures of Lisbon and the resident population, by creating local programs

concerning youth and social risks, to computer literacy and the free time of young and old. Public action

has been relentless in the transformation of public spaces: the renovation and creation of new signs, regularization

of street furniture tours or placement.

The conversion of the former Silver Arm Factory Headquarters, located near the site which includes the present proposal

intervention is the key examples of revitalization actions of cultural and artistic life that have been

Marvila now occur. The Silver Arm Factory labored between 1908 and 1990 while factory

9
of arms and it is now a space that welcomes artistic activities and promote its dissemination and discussion

cultural. Amidst a background of industrial production and an uncertain future, here comes a draft framework

artistic and cultural, according Vivant (2009), can mean a reorganization of the local production system in

cultural activities, replacing the industries of the past and being an alternative to the planned Selecta residencialização

for the site.

A project of upgrading housing and revitalization of nature, art and culture can then be a

intervention of particular interest in the context of creating new experiences and present an area ambiences

and fragmented state of degradation. A project, however, aware, and the ability to integrate the memory

collective of the place and the past history and future of their people.

Figure 5 - Images of the old Silver Arm war materials factory when laboring.

Intervention Area Analysis

In a general context, Marvila is one of the largest parishes in the city of Lisbon, not only for its

characteristics, but also for its history. The urgent need for intervention and it lacks the impact

that their extensive area has the Lisboeta territory, together with other notable aspects that make Marvila

a distinctive parish in the city, points are required (and necessary) to take into account any intervention

that make this area of ​town. These feature points are part of the relationship with Rio - realize that

there is a second city settlement line with the river due to built landfills during the

changes made to the Port of Lisbon, at the end of the century. XIX, the beginning of the century. XX -, good accessibility and centrality

such permits arranged by existing highways linking Marvila the old center (Low) and centers

Modern (Expo, Sete Rios, Alvalade, Areeiro), such as Av. Marechal Gomes da Costa connecting the north, the Marvila

Second Circular; Av. Infante D. Henrique, which connects the Lower and Expo and Av. Marshal Antonio Spinola,

through the Chelas Valley and connects to Areeiro and Alvalade, as well as the problems involved in

Third Tagus Crossing. Also, the diversity of the urban fabric, except the existence of structures (such as

monuments, old manor houses and industrial facilities), the current housing together with the villages

workers and environmental diversity (where the landscape, or what remains of it, evokes the rural, built and natural)

are characteristic points of Marvila (Lameiro, 2015).

10
More specifically, the study Marvila zone is the area where formerly was located industrial complex

Production of Silver Arm war material, understood the West by Rua Fernando Straw, the East,

the Tagus River to the north, the extensive street that intersects the street Vale Formoso and the Port waist Street and the

South, by Av. Infante D. Henrique. Early in the development of this work, in the course of Laboratory

VI Project conducted two analyzes in this area of ​intervention.

The first analysis is a set of four drawings. The first drawing 4 corresponds to the full and empty

(Full and empty plant) in this area of ​Marvila, in order to realize the consolidation (or lack thereof) of tissues

existing urban. The second drawing 5 corresponds to the registration of obstacles / existing accidents (whether

built or natural) and existing green (formal and informal). The third drawing 6 aims to distinguish the

various types of buildings which concludes a greater predominance in industrial buildings of character

(Factories), but also offices and various types of housing. This design also relates to the registration of the various

materiality types zone where checks glass, concrete, stone, wood, metal, masonry, between

others. The drawing room 7 consists of the determination of the building of the exception, the former Material Factory

Silver Arm War (1904-1908), and a factory building of 80, remarkable for its coverage

isostatic hyperboloidal precast concrete.

The second analysis is an area of ​study historical and social development and consists of a set of

four drawings. The first drawing 8 It shows the historical development of the area of ​intervention by the relation of

four location maps, each corresponding to a different time: map of Philip Folque (XIX century.)

followed by the map of Silva Pinto (beginning of the century. XX), followed by the map of cartographic services of the army

(1950) and finally, the current orthophotomap. The second drawing 9 It shows the evolution of the boundary line of the Port of Lisbon

by overlapping the first line (configured by Silva Pinto map) with the current city map,

concluding that the successive landfills made during the upgrade changes the Port of Lisbon in early

century. XX created a new city settlement line with the Tagus River. The third drawing 10 show the

historical development of the building that area, linking the existing building with the demolition, concluding that

large urban voids that are present in this area were once factories and workers neighborhoods

4 See APPENDIX I - Drawing 1

5 See APPENDIX I - Design 2

6 See ANNEX II - Design 3

7 See ANNEX II - Design 4
8 See ANNEX III - Design 1
9 See ANNEX III - Design 2
10 See ANNEX IV - Design 3

11
They were demolished and did not give rise to new buildings. The drawing room 11 corresponds to the social and human analysis

and consists in determining the different uses of the buildings, where there is a strong prevalence of the use

on the industrial buildings for other uses, such as residential and trade and the presence of some institutions,

as is the case of the Superior Health Ribeiro Sanches School. Also in this design was analyzed circulation

existing car and pedestrian, concluding that the Square April 25 represents a road node formed by highways

of great importance in the city, such as Av. Infante D. Henrique, which is a key feature for

future of the parish, with regard to accessibility. Already the pedestrian traffic is almost nonexistent, which is a

important aspect to be studied in future interventions. Also the circulation of public road transport

It was analyzed, with the location of existing bus stops in the area.

Made the analysis of the intervention site in VI Project Lab, followed by the development of a work

designated "Conceptual Design", comprising a set of four drawings. This work consisted of a

first approach to intervention proposal presented here. The first drawing 12 It consists in detecting

situations or elements that require urgent intervention, they have a pivotal role in the area or

have a great impact on the area. It follows then, that the existing urban voids play a role

structuring in the area, so they need quick intervention and reoccupation proposals. It has also

not only the existence of buildings that are in urgent need of intervention, but also buildings whose state of

degradation is so high that need to be demolished. The second drawing 13 It is the identification of

situations and preponderant elements for the future proposal and the record of how these can be

articulated. The symbol (circle) associated with these situations or elements varies in size according to the size

or preponderance they pose to the area. One of the most important joints (and necessary) is the

relation Train Station, the great expectant emptiness between the Square April 25 and the old factory

War Material Silver Arm and the Tagus River. The connection and coordination of these elements is essential for

this area of ​the town and is one of the aspects taken into account in this proposal of Showdown

Master. The third drawing 14 complements, at the bottom, the second design, and assess to what extent the joints

described are possible, according existing urban elements. Finally, the drawing room 15 corresponds to

project ideas and conceptual synthesis, where it launched the first chance of the project, locating proposals

urban elements such as highways and public squares, parks and buildings of different uses.

11 See ANNEX IV - Design 4

12 See ANNEX V - Drawing 1
13 See ANNEX V - Design 2
14 See Annex VI - Drawing 3
15 See Annex VI - Drawing 4

12
Figure 6 - Intervention area: before and after
On the left area of ​intervention in the first decade of the century. XX, after the construction of Factory Silver Arm and some working class neighborhoods.
Right intervention area today, with the great urban void originated by the demolition of the Silver Arm Factory and
working class neighborhoods.

Summary / Conclusion Chapter

There is always some ambiguity when using concepts such as urban renewal, urban regeneration,

urban or urban renewal regeneration. Not only for its phonetic similarities but also by

similarities in their definitions. However, they are different concepts and different features being that

importance of its definition lies in the understanding of the various intervention mechanisms under the

Architecture and Urban and circumstances in which these mechanisms are used.

At present it is common within the consolidated cities, the existence of gaps and obsolete spaces that

presented as fragmented breaks or areas of the urban fabric, preventing a continuous and unified reading

City. These areas, called urban voids, are seen on the one hand, as opportunities due to

possibility of upgrading and introduction of new uses that can meet the city's needs, taking

advantage of its geographic potential within the city, but on the other hand, are seen as a threat because,

with the steady increase in land value of these areas, the availability of investment for their

regeneration becomes increasingly reduced, and despite the great demand, investors and promoters have

more choice but to invest in the existing gaps in the suburbs, making the cities grow

and continuously disperse towards their edges, forgetting the existing urban voids within the city.

Marvila is the parishes of Lisbon with more gaps and vacant buildings. With industrialization, transport

maritime proved to be an asset to the economic sector of the country, which led to many industries estabelecerem-

beside the sea and the major rivers. With the improvement of the Port of Lisbon after the 1755 earthquake, Lisbon quickly

sees its riverfront transformed into factories and workers' districts, mainly in the eastern part of the city,

where is the parish of Marvila. With the decline of the port sector in the second half of the century. XX, these

industries and the workers themselves-have moved to the suburbs, leaving the industrial structures and neighborhoods

13
existing workers on the riverfront in Lisbon completely abandoned. This is the case of the area under study, where

It stood the old factory Silver Arm of war material.

With the urban analysis of the intervention area it is concluded that the current boundary line of the city with the Tagus River is in

Indeed, a consequence of successive embankments made on the riverfront for the construction of the great Port of Lisbon.

It follows also that the uses of the building and its materiality are industrial, assigned by your

the recent past, and the rugged terrain of the area that once served as the basis for factories and workers' districts,

now gives way to large urban voids. Despite the urgent need for intervention, the area of ​the Silver Arm

It has good access, with major highways that connect to other centers of Marvila

urban Lisbon.

The articulation of the Silver Arm train station with Rio proved to be also essential for this zone,

this being one of the first ideas taken into account in the development of proposed intervention.

14
 Study cases

Procedure for selection of case studies

The criterion for the selection of case studies was based on trying to figure out the best way of their analysis

contribute to the development of the proposed intervention. Therefore, relevant was found that their

selection was depending on topics that allow the relationship between the case study and the proposal to develop. themes

as the site of intervention, the program intended to be allocated and the structure and / or materiality of the building.

In terms of the place of intervention, the case chosen was the project of urban regeneration of the Park of Nations to

host the World Expo 1998. In fact, there are many reasons that make this project a choice

almost obligatory, not only for being a project also developed it to the River Tagus, in an adjacent area

the proposal of the intervention area presented here, as well as for all historical and social characteristics

that both sites have in common. Despite the significantly different scales, both projects share

the same programmatic idea, based on the junction of several urban services, such as housing, trade, services

and local institutions, thus justifying its importance and relevance.

Regarding the program structure of the proposal, the case was selected the project for courtyard homes located

Es Marcadal, Spain, designed by the architect Jaime Forés. This project sparked particular interest in

how they are introduced private patios in the context of a collective building, giving each

apartment direct contact with the outside and natural light, enhancing the experience inside.

Regarding the structure and spatial organization of the proposal, the chosen case was the flagship project of

Marseilles Housing Unit, designed by the architect Le Corbusier. In fact, this project was taken as

reference from the beginning of the proposed development, influencing not only the structure and spatial organization,

but also other elements such as materiality, shading studies, among others. The relevance in

choice of this project as a reference becomes evident given the contexts (not very different) with

that both projects have emerged. As successful in Marseille Unit, presented the proposal is also

her, a need for relocation and re-occupation of a fragmented and unintegrated part of the city, creating

the room necessary to accommodate a large number of people.

15
 Park of Nations / Expo '98 | Lisbon, Portugal | 1993-1998

Figure 7 - orthophotomap the location and configuration of the Nations Park of the parish (in red) and the intervention area (yellow)

The project of urban regeneration of the Park of Nations was essentially revaluation City

Lisbon with the Tagus River. Requalify the environment and landscape, readjust them to new uses and reintegrate in this area

urban fabric of the city demarcate the main objectives and means to transform this eastern zone of Lisbon

a new urban center.

This project arose with the application of Lisbon to host the last World Exposition of the century. XX - Expo '98,

corresponding to its planning and implementation, and covering the design of public spaces and buildings

proposed, containing all urban structures needed for that area, such as residential areas,

equipment, urban infrastructure, services, parking and green areas.

Thus, the Park of Nations turned out to be not only a project of hosting a world event, but

also contributed to the modernization and internationalization of Lisbon, placing it on the landing of the main

European cities, through the retraining and upgrading of accessibility and transport, equipment,

services, and infrastructure.

16
 One of the main strengths of this intervention

on a large scale, was introduced while the solution

draft environmental improvement with the creation of

infrastructure such as garbage collection and central

heating and air cooling, which is common to

all buildings, enhancing the sustainability of

area, thus terminating the environmental impact

by petrochemical and existing gasometers

Figure 8 - Aerial view of Nations Park before the plan on site, relocated 45km north of the city. phase
regeneration for Expo '98, where there is the existence of numerous
petrochemical industries and gasometers
It consisted of an initial process and dismantling

relocation of large industrial infrastructure

existing, as the Petrogal refinery and deposits

petroleum products, such as former Sacor the Slaughterhouse

Industrial Lisbon, Material General Deposit

War, the Water Treatment Plant

(WWTP), the landfill, and Treatment Plant

Solid Waste (ETRS) Beirolas, plus several

port facilities and related activities.

Figure 9 - Aerial view of the Park of Nations after the construction of
regeneration plan for the Expo '98

Also the facilities were a major issue taking into account, involving the construction of

intermodal station Gare do Oriente, the Vasco da Gama bridge which connects the south of Portugal, the extent of

metro line and a set of new road infrastructure that make links to other important sites

city.

At the enterprise level, this project has created high quality urban space offers inserted in a central area

and integrating the latest technologies into their infrastructure and support services. One of the main

concerns in the design of the buildings was to maximize awareness of the corporate image of the companies at

who built the buildings on platforms simultaneously solving the parking issue.

This project also equated them necessary support services, such as shops and restaurants,

schools, leisure centers or sports facilities, either indoors or outdoors, a hospital

and other complementary services. Various equipment has been highly important for contruidos

And Expo '98 remained after exposure. Among them are: Atlantic Flag (Figure 10) - present

17
designated Meo Arena) - designed to host events and shows and with a capacity for about 20,000

people; the Vasco da Gama Tower (Figure 11), initially a luxury restaurant and now a luxury hotel

in conjunction with a building built in 2009; Oceanarium (Figure 12), the largest aquarium in Europe,

It is the most visited equipment in Portugal; the Pavilion of Knowledge (Figure 13), which holds the paper

one of the largest interactive science centers and technology; the Pavilion of the Future, converted later in the Casino

Lisbon (Figure 14); The flag Portugal (Figure 15), a multipurpose space with an imposing concrete pre flap

struggling, covering the entire square that is input to the equipment, based on the idea of ​a sheet of paper

B in two bricks; ski lifts (Figure 16), an attractive and important tourist equipment over

1km long and offering panoramic views of the Tagus River; Marina Park of Nations (Figure 18)

consists of a modern pier pleasure boats in conjunction with infrastructure to host events

water; FIL - Feira Internacional de Lisboa (Figure 19), space dedicated to the realization of thematic fairs

promoted by all types of companies; Shopping Center Vasco da Gama (Figure 21), one of the largest spaces

commercial of the country; the towers of S. Gabriel and S. Rafael (Figure 22), two sets of housing units

luxury, marked by its magnificence that leaves no one indifferent; and the aforementioned Vasco da Gama Bridge

(Figure 20) and Orient Station (Figure 17).

Figure 10 - Atlantic Pavilion project Figure 11 - Vasco da Gama Tower, project Figure 12 - Lisbon Oceanarium, project
authorship of SOM and Regino Cruz authored by sound and PROFABRIL written by Peter Chermayeff
(Jacobs and Nick architecture Eleanor
January)

Figure 13 - Knowledge Pavilion, a project of John's authorship

Figure 14 - Casino Lisboa
Luís Carrilho da Graça

18
Figure 15 - Portugal Pavilion, project
written by Álvaro Siza Vieira
Figure 18 - Marina Park of Nations
Figure 21 - Centro Comercial Vasco da
Range, authored by project
Figure 16 - Cable
Figure 19 - International Fair of Lisbon
(FIL), project by Alberto France
Doria and Antonio Barreiros Ferreira
Figure 22 - Torres and S. Gabriel S.
Rafael, projects by José
Quintela
Figure 17 - Gare Intermodal Station
East project by Santiago
Calatrava
Figure 20 - Vasco da Gama Bridge, the
the architects Michel Virlogeux,
Charles Lavigne, Armando Rito and Alain
Montois
Figure 23 - Alameda dos Oceanos, one of
several gardens that make up the project.
There was concern in
separating the pedestrian circulation system
road, removing the latter from the front
riverside, freeing it to only
pedestrian traffic
19
 Baths, Patio | Marcadal Es, Spain | 2011

Figure 24 - Location Maps SPAIN | BALEARIC | ES MARCADAL

Architects: James J. Ferrer Forés

Location: 07740 Es Mercadal, Balearic Islands, Spain

Area: 4460m²

Year of the project: 2011

Located in a small town Spanish with less than

5,000 inhabitants, belonging to one of the Balearic Islands, this

building consists of two floors above ground, and counts

with underground parking. Despite the building

follow the shape of the lot which is deploying, attributing

you a perimeter somewhat strange and irregular, the

Interior functional layout is very regular, comprising

an ordered series of apartments with private patios,

Figure 25 - Aerial view of the building during the phase of its
articulated by two circulation galleries that make
construction

the spatial distribution of the building (Figure 26 plant).

A key element of this project are the courtyards

it integrates (Figure 27). In addition to guaranteeing natural ventilation

adequate and make sustainable building perspective

climate (avoiding energy consumption by

heating and air cooling apparatus), these patios

allow natural light in every room -

an essential solution taking into account that the building is

"Horizontally projecting the ground," solving in

Simultaneously, the direct contact with the exterior of the apartments

arranged more inside of the building. Other than these

Figure 26 - (top) top plan with two
circulation galleries marked in red; characteristics, these courts work, too, as a
(Below) Elevation Rising

20
 acoustic barrier to audible noise from the highway that

is a few meters away and ensures all

necessary privacy.

Beside this built is designed also a park

outdoor parking and a green space consists of a

children and a sports field park, serving not only the

Building residents concerned but also the community

Figure 27 - Plant of the apartment typologies neighbor.

In terms of structure, this building features a system

modular structure, whose principles are based on the concept of " mat-building "Where, despite the articulation

all apartments be apparently confused, the structure that supports them is governed by a logic and metric

regular.

Figure 28 - (top) views street. Left, view of the East facade; right, south facade of view
(Bottom) the inside of the building Images. On the left, a detail of one of the galleries; right view inside one of the apartments

21
 Housing unit - "the radiant city" | Marseille, France | 1952

Figure 29 - Location of plants: France | Marseille | Boulevard Michelet (Unit d'Habitation)

Architects: Le Corbusier

Location: Boulevard Michelet, 13008 Marseille, France

Year of the project: 1946-1952

This project, commissioned Le Corbusier in 1946 by the then Minister of Construction and Urbanism French, Raoul

Dautry, had as main objective the resettlement of the population of Marseille, affected by bombing

generated by World War II. Five years was the time between the start of the project and completion of the

work. This is due to various budget disputes and social controversies, including due to a report

issued at the time, saying that the building was presented as a threat to the mental health of its inhabitants

for its cold and rugged look, and especially for its social concept represent a kind of

enclosure in relation to the city.

From a conceptual point of view, this project was extremely innovative for its sustainability and autonomy

under the resident's relationship with the outside world. This is because Le Corbusier purposed to create a "city within

of a city, "joining in the same building, all necessary services and goods from the normal everyday a

person. Thus, all residents had access, within the building, services such as education and health, trade

and catering, sports and leisure facilities, social spaces for socializing and meeting and even a hotel.

The building presents itself as a massive block

Reinforced concrete apparent. The weapons manufacturing

for the Second World War led to a

scarce metal elements for the construction,

thus making the concrete, the material more accessible

Europe's post-war, and was the precursor

Brutalist movement, which includes this building.

The building is perfectly oriented according

Figure 30 - Aerial Views: left, South and East facades; on the right,
facades South and West with the cardinal points, and the three

22
 main facades - the east, south and west - receive direct sunlight, optimizing thus the climate and

experience of each apartment (see Figures 29 and 30).

140 meters long, 24 wide and 56 high and with a capacity to hold about 1600

inhabitants, this building is a scale with which Le Corbusier had never worked before. It consists

by 337 apartments of different types arranged in eighteen floors, the seventh and eighth floors where

find most services and trade, as craft shops, a restaurant / café and hotel rooms,

priority for guests of families of the inhabitants of the building. The centrality of the location of these services was

designed in order to match the distance from these to all apartments. The recreational activities were provided in

own spaces in the park and on the roof. The outer park consists of a playground and an amount

immense vegetation, torn by walking routes, and even an outdoor car park. coverage

It has a gym, a nursery school with a playground and a pool of shallow, one track

race, large chimneys and ventilation towers of the elevators.

The inner circulation of the building is made by corridors / distribution galleries that give access to the apartments.

These galleries run along the entire floor and end in a "T", giving access to the apartments

in the south facade of the building. The vertical access to these galleries is done by three boxes of stairs located along

building on the east side of the gallery, and the central box attached to an atrium that contains the four elevators

building (see Figure 31) and a fourth box stairs, located on the north facade, intended for access

Firemen.

Figure 31 - Plant-type building

Altogether, there are seven distribution galleries in the building, arranged on three floors, not counting the gallery

double serving the seventh and eighth floors, where are located the services and trade. This fact resides one of

most notable and interesting points of this project. The layout of the apartments process results in a wide

and complex working system, where the "key" reading of this system lies in the cross sections of the building

(Figure 32). Here, we can see the "game" created by Le Corbusier, where the "cell binomial" is repeated

vertically every three floors. Transversely symmetrical, this binomial cells (Figure 33) consists

two apartment types "duplex", which are juxtaposed around circulation axis - the galleries. This one

23
Figure 32 - Cross section of the building Figure 33 - cell binomial: cross-section (top) and plants
housing the three levels (below)

set is repeated in series throughout the entire building, thus avoiding the existence of an access corridor

all floors, optimizing the most interior spatial organization of the building. In conjunction with this fact is

the original intention of Corbusier in making each apartment across went through the entire building,

opening out on two fronts, east and to the west, in order to create natural ventilation and significantly improve

the experience inside, both in terms of landscape diversity and the level of sunlight and contact with the outside.

" The ratio, mathematical key that provides the unit, gives the measure of the dimensions in the building design "

(Le Corbusier, 2009, p. 59). Shortly after the start of World War II, Le Corbusier left Paris and

He devoted himself to painting and anatomical studies, giving rise to the so-called Modulor - a measurement based system

in the human body with respect to its activity and movement, presenting as a standard rule

proportions in the design of an architectural element. The Marseilles Housing Unit was the first

project where Le Corbusier introduced this measurement system.

Also in this design features have been introduced previously used for other projects that

They correspond to the principles described in his book "Five Points for a New Architecture" (1926). On the ground,

the whole building rises (about 8 meters), putting all his weight on the imposing stilts, prepared

invertidamente on an orthogonal mesh structure thus releasing the soil area to pedestrian traffic and

24
other activities. Above, the façade system is composed of loggias 16 the apartments, consisting,

in turn, by a slab shading, filtering the incoming sunlight inside the apartment. This slab

together with the perforated guard prefabricated concrete, with the use of sidewalls applied to polychrome

and the tile that covers the floor, resulting in a mixture of interesting shades within the

apartments. This modular rhythm of the loggias on the facade is broken halfway up, the concrete elements

vertical and oblique to the front of the plane (for shading effects), where is the two floors of services

and trade. At the top, the cover is harnessed and used as a "patio", being the stage for activities

leisure and social life, rather than the traditional sloped roof, which only has protective functions

Climate control and storm drainage.

Figure 34 - Three-dimensional representation of a B cell

16 Exterior balconies of the apartments. In Marseilles Housing Unit, these were created with two loggias

purposes: architectural and psychological. The first is the three-dimensionality and the modular nature of these spaces
translate on the facade, giving it an innovative urban element within the city, the second is to bring nature
exterior to the interior of the apartment, improving the experience in the home.

25
Figure 35 - View under the Figure 36 - Image of the Figure 37 - View the level of
building, at the street level of the quota, facades, showing the loggias and roof
showing that the stilts its polychrome
support

Figure 38 - Seventh floor plan: services and trade

Figure 39 - the eighth floor plan: services and trade

Figure 40 - Coating Plant

Figure 41 - North View of the facade

Figure 42 - Interior view of a Figure 43 - View of an inner Figure 44 - Interior view of a

apartment: living area, standing apartment: loggia apartment:
double duty

26
 Project Specification

Location

It refers to this specification to the project proposed under the Final Exam Master, to obtain

the degree of Master of Architecture. The project developed is located in the eastern part of Lisbon, more

specifically on the riverfront of Marvila parish, in the area where stood the old plant material

War of the Silver Arm, understood, to the West by Rua Fernando Straw, on the east by the Tagus River to the north by

Old Tobacco da Silva Alfredo industrial and some factory buildings and the South, by Av. Infante D. Henrique. O

project presented here, in addition to continuing the work in the course of Laboratory

VI Project also arises from the need of urgent upgrading the area of ​intervention is needed. after the

decline of the industrial age in the 70s, many factories and workers' districts that made up this town were

abandoned, and remained without any maintenance and without activity perspective. God is,

thus beginning a process of degradation of these infrastructures, some of which still exist in the days

Today, despite its advanced state of decay, as is the case of the former Tobacco, inaugurated in 1928

the industrial Alfredo da Silva, linked to import and processing of tobacco leaves. Others, such as the

former factory of the Silver Arm war material, were demolished. However, the dismantling of this plant

It was partial because everything was demolished with the exception of its former headquarters, located south of Av. Infante D. Henrique, and

now a center of culture and private art. Result of this dismantling was the emergence of the great void

expectant existing in the place where at the moment is being Constructed designed the new venture

by Italian architect Renzo Piano and has about 500 new luxury homes, which occupy an area

nine hectares.

The proposed project aims then the reoccupation of this existing urban void by introducing new housing,

trade and services and the revitalization of public space.

General options of the developed solution

The relationship between elements

The analysis of the intervention area, previously described in State of the Art of point 2.5 and annexed,

detained a vital role in understanding the various existing problems in this area and the reasons for the

They do so urgently need intervention. The location of the large void created by existing

dismantling of the old plant the Silver Arm creates great deadlock situations movement and prevent

link between important points and articulation of these same points with Rio. In this way, the first major

27
concern was the connection Train Station Silver Arm and Fernando Palha Street, located to the west

of the intervention area, with the Tagus River.

Avenues garden and the new urban park

The worrying lack of conditions for pedestrian movement in this area and the fact that it is a front zone

riverside, which provides a high density and are intended human a more direct relationship between people and

the river, spurred the creation of pedestrian streets, perpendicular to the river and interspersed with solid blocks

built, they also perpendicular to the river. The squareness opted urban design of this proposal

arises not only the attempt to provide a better visual experience to the people who circulate in the avenues through

constant visual contact with the river, but also facilitates a continuous and unobstructed pathway for pedestrian

buildings. It is intended that these avenues work more like public gardens and incite the permanence of

people through a suitable and qualified design public space for this, relating vegetation,

walking routes and activity and leisure areas. The vegetation consists of tall deciduous trees,

as plantains, or Olaias Freixos in order to provide shade in the summer and allowing the passage of sunlight after

the sunset in winter. Were thought to these avenues garden, playgrounds, activity zones

sports and leisure (such as a playground and outdoor gym equipment) and relaxation areas,

reading and dining. The source of the intervention area is proposed a new urban park in the city, which makes the

link to the north, the park of the nations along the riverfront, thus ensuring the continuity of avenidas-

garden and outdoor experiences, by creating more walking trails, more vegetation and more activities

Rest along the Tagus River.

Pedestrian circulation and road

The existing motor traffic in this area is characterized by fast roads such as Av. Infante D. Henrique and Street

Waist Port, which take an important role in connecting the Marvila parish to city centers.

However, these wide road lanes 3 lanes in each direction are shown as obstructions connection

required between the town and the river, specifically in the section of Port waist Street which, together with the

rail way off existing, separate the town from the river. So as not to hurt the car flow

existing and at the same time, allow easy access to the river area of ​intervention, we opted for the dismantling

existing railway track and the separation of road flows, creating underground tunnels for roads

most traffic (two lanes in each direction) ensuring the continuity of the connection between urban city,

as Low -Chiado, Alvalade and the Park of Nations, and a range of lower traffic on the surface of only one

lane in each direction, for local access. Thus, the existing heavy traffic is reduced on the surface and is freed

more area for public space. The car access to these underground tunnels, is made out of the intervention area,

where there is no movement or residence of people. Square April 25, which is the intersection of Av. Infante D.

28
Henry Street to the Port waist, in no way serves the public square character for which it was

designed and, therefore, it was decided to replace it with a roundabout smaller and more framed

urban design of this area which, in turn, surges local roads designed this proposal. It was thought,

Also, this Location a pedestrian overpass that makes the articulation of the intervention area with the urban park,

spring, and with the current Silver Arm Factory, south.

Morphology of the land: Lead Street Fernando Palha the garden avenues

The land which includes the proposal is mostly flat, with some specific variations between 4 and quota

4.4 share. Thus, it was decided by the total area of ​this leveling dimension four in order to facilitate the movement of

people and the implementation of the building. However, after analysis of accidents / territory obstacles 17 It was observed

that the land has some territorial conditions in the southern and western part of the intervention area. exist

two considerable unevenness "embrace" in L area to intervene. The biggest difference quota happens to the west,

where the street intersects Fernando Straw Dr. Stephen de Vasconcelos Street, at level 14. Here, Fernando Palha Street

falls in the North-South direction intersecting Av. Prince Henry the elevation 9 which, in turn, folds spring

and down to a height 4 at the level of the intervention area. In order to overcome this gap and connecting to Fernando Palha Street

at level 4, it was decided to draw a silo parking 3 floors with affordable coverage to people with

Public outdoor staircases, to the east, which make the desired connection Street Fernando Straw to avenidas-

garden, at an altitude of 4.

The built

The layout of the proposed buildings arose from binding intention Street Fernando Straw to the river, through the axes

pedestrian (avenues garden) perpendicular to the river, described above. Therefore, we created a set of

regular blocks with 16 meters wide, parallel to each other and interspersed with garden avenues, about

20.6 meters wide, the extent of which is interrupted by the two designed streets within the area

intervention, making local access to buildings proposed (see deployment Plant Figure 45). In its turn,

these roads have been designed by the extension and alignment (in plan view) of the stroke axes

existing urban, such as roads and buildings.

17 See Annex I - Design 2

29
Figure 45 - Urban Design: general implementation of the proposed plant
Light gray - existing buildings
gray means - buildings proposed not developed
Dark grey - buildings proposed, developed

The proposal brings together a distinctive programmatic set of built typologies, the parish of Marvila

He presented lacking. Different types of affordable housing, spaces for trade, a gym

with relaxation area, an auditorium for events, workshops, and multifunctional spaces

office / co-working, underground parking, a public square and a pedestrian bridge, are some of the elements

programmatic proposed this intervention.

To the urban design level, there is a total of nineteen proposed buildings. Of these nineteen buildings were

developed, even in urban design at 1: 500, eight buildings identified with different nomenclatures

(See Figure 46 below) and eight of these buildings have been developed in more detail, at the project level

architecture, four buildings (blocks A1-A4).

30
Figure 46 - Schematic plan of identification of the different built blocks developed in urban design.
NOTE: The buildings marked with the letter A, were developed in architectural design.

The intervention area chosen to be developed in architectural design was the area where you insert the set

built A1-A4, as this is an area of ​major gaps and changes in quotas, as described previously

the point 4.2.1 - Land Morphology: Lead Street Fernando Straw avenues to garden, and for this present

most interesting morphological characteristics and challenging the process of making architecture.

Description of buildings

Set built B1 - B4 and Program Distribution system

This built together, the concept of distributive structure is identical in all buildings. The ground floor (dimension 4)

assume a more public character, mostly integrating spaces for trade, and which hosts

all necessary access. On the first floor (dimension 8) there is a variance of the blocks B3 and B4

B1 and B2 blocks: the blocks B3 and B4 this floor takes on a semi-private nature, integrating various spaces

for the establishment of workshops and giving also access to a multifunctional space that extends to the three

upper floors, and where they can establish co-working offices, large companies or make various

types of cultural events; in blocks B1 and B2, this floor continues the ground floor and assumes, also a

31
more public nature, integrating an audience that extends to the ground floor and large commercial spaces (in the case

B2) block and a gym with relaxation area (in the case of block B1). It should be noted that these also

blocks B1 and B2 comprise a multifunctional space identical to that described above, whose formal structure varies

among all buildings in this set, so that the spring is parallel to the facade proposed roadways

(See Figure deployment plant 45), which results in a more appropriate and consistent urban design (for access

to plants of urban design, consult panels of the project, available in annex).

The remaining three upper floors are part of the housing units that, like the Housing Unit

Marseille, Le Corbusier, are juxtaposed around a central circulation axis, located on the third floor

(Quota 14), optimizing the space inside the building, eliminating the need for the existence of a gallery

circulation on all floors and giving the possibility to open two fronts in each housing unit, a North

and another to the south, avoiding the existence of exclusively oriented units north, where there is no light input

direct sunlight, helping also the natural ventilation of the building.

Each building this set includes an underground basement two floors (in quota and quota -4 0), where is the

parking needed every building, whose access of vehicles is done through ramps, and the entrance

Home made on the ground floor, to the east. The vertical movement is made in three parts of the building, and the distances

comply with the provisions in paragraph 2 of Article 57 of Chapter II - Evacuation of locations, SCIE - Security Against

Fires in Buildings (Decree Law No. 220/2008, of 12 November, Decree No. 1532/2008 of 29 December):

The) 15 m in deadlock points except the use of buildings, type I detached from 1st

risk category, and other exceptions listed in Title VIII, relating to the specific conditions

Use of type II and XII,

B) 30 m in the access points with different outputs, except for the uses type II, VIII, X EXII,

for which it must meet the requirements of the specific conditions title VIII.

Figure 47 - Schematic Axonometria exploded spatial organization and programmatic typologies B3 Block

32
Figure 48 - Urban design: Cross section of the set built B1 - B4

Figure 49 - Urban design: It raised south of the blocks A1 and B1

Built set A1 - A4: Program and Distribution system

This was built jointly chosen to integrate the architectural project. As already said before

in section 4.2.1, to win the variances of existing quotas and connect Fernando Palha Street at level 4, where

They are situated garden-avenues that connect the river bank, a parking silo three floors was implanted

(Odds 4, 8 and 11) which access the vehicle from outside is made through the intermediate floor, at level 8, and the connection between the

three floors is done through ramps. At the same time solves the connection of Fernando Street to Straw

Dimension 4, this silo creates a "base plate" for a set of four buildings, bringing them and allowing

"Vent" all its facades from the existing gap. These four buildings are the same as

Figure 50 illustrates, below. The access from the outside, these buildings can be made at level 14, the affordable coverage

the people, the parking silo, or quota 4. Any of these accesses connects to a lobby

which in turn gives access to a vertical movement stop, consisting of a hoistway and one

evacuation stairs, which vertically pass through the entire building. There is a total of two points of movement

vertical for building: one, closer to the west facade, serving people who access the building from the

Rua Fernando Straw, another, closer to the east façade, for people who access from the quota 4. In these

buildings, floors located in the dimension 4 is mainly "buried" between Avenue Prince Henry

and public staircase proposal, which connects the dimension 14 at level 4 (in the case of A1 block and in other cases this

floor lies buried between staircases), thus preventing the entry of sunlight. Thus, it was decided to

occupy the interior space of this floor with a number of storage compartments that serve the workshops and

dwellings. Also the vacant space created under the public outdoor stairs was busy with these

33
compartments (see Figure 50). Also on this floor, it was implanted in the far east, a space for the

trade because it is the only area of ​the floor that can receive sunlight, in full.

The floors of the quota 8 and 11 share are identical. Both integrate spaces for the establishment of workshops

or small offices, which access is made by a central corridor, which makes the distribution left / right. These

floors integrate also toilets and a space consists of kitchen and dining area, serving

ateliers.

Figure 50 - Assembly Plant A1 - A4, the floor level of 4: location of the storage serving housing and workshops

At the floor level of the quota 14, in addition to the entrance hall in the far west, described above, and two small

spaces intended for trade, is on this floor, together with the remaining two upper floors, the quota of 17 and

the dimension 20, wherein the housing units are located. The functional structure of the housing in such buildings is

identical to the set built B1 - B4, described above in Section 4.3.1, or is in juxtaposition

symmetrical, in cross section, two types housing, around a central axis movement, this

If located on the floor of the dimension 17 (see Figure 51 and 52)

Figure 51- Urban design: Cross-section of the set built A1 - A4

34
 Figure 52 - Schematic Axonometria exploded spatial organization and programmatic typologies of the built set A1 - A4

building system

Regarding the construction system has been designed for all buildings proposed in this project, the use of

Traditional mixed system of post and beam reinforced concrete with concrete blades disabled apparent to the

coating the exterior facades of buildings, to which joins the XPS insulation and the inner coating

plasterboard.

For interior walls, it was thought the use of plasterboard walls in light structure made of galvanized steel,

type KNAUF. Compared to traditional wall brickwork, this solution is more appropriate because, in addition

to be thinner and enable increased interior floor space, it has a better acoustic behavior.

It is used also, occasionally, the curtain wall system with lacquered aluminum frames to dark gray,

RAL 7016, and glass panels, with a sun protection film.

Sunstroke / Shadow

The proposed use of curtain facades and large openings raises important questions in terms

insolation and shading of buildings, which need to be considered and resolved. Therefore, we chose

if by using two shading systems: one outside and one inside (construction details still

35
development). For the exterior shading system has been designed using folding panels in slatted

wood, autoclaved 18 suitable for outdoor, in the east façade, south and west, reducing input

sunlight by about 60% when fully deployed. For the interior shading system was chosen

the use of curtains blackout hidden by a false ceiling, exclusively on housing units, to give

possibility to the inhabitants of obstructing the entry of light completely, if they prefer or need.

Outside materialities

The choice of materials continues the formal simplicity of the volumes through the use of a pallet

natural materials, both in the interior and the exterior.

The facades of the whole concrete are disabled in gray tones, their natural color. The finishing

facades with this type of finish gives them a natural air, given that its construction process

eliminates the joints and gives it a rough texture, avoiding the artificially smooth appearance of a concrete. Although the level

facades, all the coating, the interior (floor, walls and ceiling) of the balconies units

housing will be in green wood deck that besides being a permeable solution is a recycled material

with reforested wood.

At the level of the surrounding outdoor decks to blocks built and exclusive to pedestrian traffic and

people stay, it was thought the porous concrete. It is a concrete with drainage characteristics, and non-slip

aesthetic, suitable to be applied on exterior surfaces. Allows the economic management of rainwater,

prevents the accumulation of water and eliminates the reflection of wet pavement, reducing the likelihood of hydroplaning.

This replaces the traditional concrete pavement in areas of intended use and the infiltration of water

rainwater in the ground.

For local road access roads has been designed using natural stone dark colored pavement. Besides being the

material used in road paving in Alameda dos Oceanos, the Park of Nations and result in a relationship

harmonious with the concrete used in buildings, is reducing also the speed in road traffic, which results

a safer movement of people in this area. Besides being a permeable paving, drainage of

rainwater is perfectly ensured by the pending pavement must form, by draining water

between the joints of the stone until it reaches channel gratings that are next to the curb.

materialities interior

The interior walls and ceilings of buildings are plastered and painted white for a higher brightness, except

wetlands where it was decided by the mosaic use of Revigrés type (to be confirmed) and some moments of

18 Industrial method consisting in drying the wood (outdoors or in ventilated ovens), thereby reducing the wet content by

to increase their physical resistance to weathering from the outside and reducing the risks of deterioration and expansion.

36
housing where it is planned to use VIROC plates (to be confirmed). The interior floors are also in

natural materials such as wood flooring and concrete stroked Patent natural color.

housing typologies

For the types of housing, it has been proposed three different types of housing (housing typology

1, 2 and 3), all developed in buildings, both built in the set A1-A4, B1 built as a whole

B4. As mentioned earlier, the concept of spatial distribution was made using a symmetrical juxtaposition

two of the three types of proposals, the housing type 1 and 2, around a central axis movement,

since both types have two levels and one of which is a mezzanine. There is not exactly a

conventional typological character that is intended to assign to these dwellings. It is not intended that these

dwellings are exclusively family or mere temporary housing. The aim is to create housing

with the elements and compartments necessary for everyday life of people in general, families, students,

workers, etc. It should be noted that despite the movement and access of the proposed buildings comply with the

Accessibility conditions set forth in the regulation of access, these are not suitable for housing

barrier or elderly people with motor difficulties due to the fact that they consist

two and three levels and no access conditions, within the fires, for people in chair

wheels.

Regarding the type of housing 1, the main entrance is at the top floor (dimension 17), the mezzanine. On here,

It is willing to kitchen room and a small dining area. Down to the lower level (dimension 14)

the access stairs, we enter the living room which is part of the furniture and the storage needed housing

and that, in turn, provides access to the outside balcony or corridor which allocates to the two bedrooms

(Which are connected to an outdoor balcony) and the common toilet.

Regarding the type of housing 2, the functional distribution is identical to the housing type 1, except

in this case, the mezzanine floor to be the top (dimension 20), consisting of two rooms (which are connected to a

balcony outdoor), a common toilet, kitchen and dining area and the main entrance is on the floor

lower (quota 17), composed of the living room that gives access to an outdoor balcony.

The housing type 3 is a variant of the first two because it is the opposite which lies on the side of the boxes

vertical access. This type housing comprises three levels, and the main entrance is at level

intermediate (quota 17), where is located the living room and the balcony outside. The lower level (dimension 14) is composed of

kitchen, a dining area, a toilet, a space for storage / washing machine and a balcony

exterior. The upper level (dimension 20) consists of three bedrooms and a working space, all with access to a

outside balcony, and a toilet.

37
Figure 53 - Plants of housing types 1 and 2 Figure 54 - the housing 3 type plants

38
 Framework architecture project areas: buildings set A1 - A4

gross floor area: 18 629.7 m²

Base area: 5142.2 m²

ROUGH AREAS OF ARCHITECTURE PROJECT: SET BUILT A1 - A4

4 FLOOR COTA FLOOR COTA 8 FLOOR COTA 11 FLOOR 14 COTA FLOOR 17 COTA FLOOR 20 COTA TOTAL

PARKING 2042.5 m² 2042.5 m² 2042.5 m² - - - 6127.5 m²

ACCESS VERTICAL 304 m² 304 m² 304 m² 304 m² 304 m² - 1520 m²

WORKSHOPS - 825 m² 1200 m² - - - 2025 m²

OFFICE /
- - - - 228 m² 230.4 m² 458.4 m²
MULTIFUNCTION

HOUSING - - - 1358.4 m² 1284.5 m² 1566 m² 4208.9 m²

MEALS ATELIERS - 149.2 m² 149.2 m² - - - 298.4 m²

ARRUMOS HOUSING /
1323 m² 445.8 m² 37.5 m² - - - 1806.3 m²
WORKSHOPS

IS ATELIERS
- 109.6 m² 109.6 m² - - - 219.2 m²

TRADE 152 m² - - 292.8 m² - - 444.8 m²

CIRCULATION
282.2 m² 351 m² 229.2 m² - 224 m² - 1086.4 m²

ENTRANCE HALL
188.8 m² - - 96 m² - - 284.8 m²

IS PUBLIC 150 m² - - - - - 150 m²

FOREIGN

CONSTRUCTION GROSS AREA 18 629.7 m²

39
40
 conclusions

As she walks the streets Marvila realize that this town has not always been the parish

aged and debilitated we know today. Plenty of old factories, workers' villages and stately solar

They will punctuating the route are inhospitable trace of the recent past, whose vitality and momentum was lost

with the apparent abandonment of a large part of the population that resided here. Despite the ephemeral nature of the "wave"

industrialist who "swept" Europe at the end of the century. XIX, its impact is apparent when one realizes the transformation

What happened on the riverfront in Lisbon with the establishment of industries and port systems, especially in

eastern part, where it is the parish of Marvila. With the improvement of maritime transport in this industrial age, the

Tagus River proved to be a major source of economic performance of the country and in an attempt to give an answer

quickly to the need to improve conditions for maritime commerce, it was built in 1887 along

entire riverfront, the New Port of Lisbon. Fruit of this quickly was planned, the New Port conditioned

dramatically the city's connection to the river. In any capitalist nation, the economic interest takes

always a place at the top table of priorities, however, there needs to be a study and previous to control

minimize the impact of investments and realize the best way to integrate them into the city. Despite not having been

this control and prior analysis when the investments made for the construction of the Port of Lisbon, it is necessary

understand that these industries and port platforms are part of our history that have heritage value

and just like any old convent or palace, deserve to be protected and rehabilitated. With the sector crisis

industrial that occurred in the 70s in Portugal and the prevalence of road transport on the sea, the

most of these industries that populated the riverfront in Lisbon, moved-together for the

important axes and we road, leaving to abandon these structures which had settled and remaining

thus desactivas and in a state of self-abasement, until the present day. It is important, however, warn the authorities

municipal to the reality of growth of Lisbon towards their peripheries and the constant

capital investment in the peripheral areas, since they have not only a threat to oblivion these

interstices and obsolete spaces that exist "within the city" and a great wastage of

urban territory, preventing a continuous and unified reading of the city.

The analysis developed in a previous study phase, annexed hereto, were an asset to the

recognition of various existing problems in the Silver Arm area. urban problems and

architectural as the constant deterioration of the property heritage and old abandoned industries and the lack of

conditions for pedestrian circulation, resulting from inadequate existence of highways great road flow

or social problems such as unemployment of young people, failure and dropout and lack of security

caused by the use and sale of drugs, make a weakened Marvila parish and need urgent

intervention. Thus, it was decided to create in the first place, a consistent and adequate typological program

the registered needs in order to facilitate the most of the solutions. It is believed that the program

proposed adequately responds to the intervention site requirements as it adds a sufficient set and
41
diverse types of everyday, enabling the creation of an active life in this place, as spaces for

trade and services, the cultural and artistic domain spaces, areas for the establishment of offices and workshops,

multifunctional spaces and several reasonable cost of housing types, accessible to many more extracts from

population. Also the upgrading and restructuring of public space is an indispensable element to the program

proposed, as well as improving the quality of life of the resident population, qualifies the buildings, integrating it

and assigns you a "sense" and identity, while at the same time, attracts nonresident population and urges its

permanence. Despite the landscape component of the project presented not be minimally consistent,

due to an on-time investment in the project and the need for more detail structures

built, is recorded the intention of creating garden-avenues and a new urban park on the riverfront,

incorporating leisure facilities and entertainment, suitable vegetation, pleasant walking routes, dining areas,

reading, etc. which is believed to be a great investment in this location.

42
 Bibliography

Books and articles

AA.VV. "Inclusive / Exclusive Cities," Ognen Marina, Alessandro Armando. Chapter 4 - Program of Neighborhoods
Areas for intervention and priority (BIP / ZIP): Participative Initiatives in architecture and urban planning in Portugal,
Maria Mendes, Jose Crespo, Teresa Sá

AA.VV (2015). "Values ​of Geography. Proceedings of the X Congress of the Portuguese Geography ", Portuguese Association of
Geographers, ISBN: 978-989-99244-1-3. "Axis 11. Reform of the State and Territorial Governance," a) "Initiatives
participatory urban management and administration: the city Lisbon, "J. Crespo, T. Sa, M., Mendes; b) "The
participation in Architecture and Urbanism: between theory and practice. The Portuguese case, "J. Crespo

Baptista, Miguel; Slough, Carlos - REACTIVATION URBAN AND COMMUNITY. [Sl]: FA UL 2015

RABBIT, AL (2006), "The resistant Marvila" Public, 506, February 5, 2006, pp. 44-57

Loose, and CUSTÓDIO D. J. (1999), "Middle Path. Guide Industrial Heritage "Lisbon, Horizon Books

Gaspar, J. (2003). "Insertion of the Lisbon metropolitan area in the country, the Iberian Peninsula and Europe"

João Pedro Silva Nunes and Agate Golden Sequeira, Fado of Marvila. Notes on the source and destination city
Metropolitan of an old industrial area of ​Lisbon, "Sociological Forum, 21 | 2011 33-417

Slough, Carlos - LABPROJ 6: Project Laboratory 6 (5 Year) PROGRAM CLASS C

Monteys, Xavier; Maria Magdalena - (ER) DWELL [1]. (Re) dwell. 2010

Monteys, Xavier; Maria Magdalena - (RE) DWELL: La Calle [3]. 2010

Monteys, Xavier; Maria Magdalena - (ER) DWELL: Abandonment oportunidad y [8]. 2011

Monteys, Xavier; Maria Magdalena - (RE) DWELL: Sign por el Balcon [7]. 2011

PARK, RE (1915), "La ville. Propositions de recherche sur le comportement humain en milieu urbain ", in Y.
Grafmeyer and Joseph I. (eds.) L'Ecole de Chicago. Naissance de l'écologie urbaine, Paris, Aubier, pp. 83-130

DOORS, Nuno, "From empty to full." Urbanism # 2 notebooks

WILLOW, TB (2001), Lisbon, peripherals and Centralities, Oeiras, Celta

STONE, Sally. "Continuity in Architecture." The Production of Place 2012, University of East London, Docklands
Campus Conference Proceedings.

43
Solà-Morales, Ignasi of Territories. Barcelona: Gustavo Gili, 2002

VECCHIO, Grazia. "The Production of the Sense of Place in Globalizing Cities." The Production of Place 2012,
University of East London, Docklands Campus Conference Proceedings.

VIVANT, E. (2009), Qu'est-ce que la ville créative ?, Paris, PUF

Legislation

Law # 31/2014, 30 May. General Framework Law of Public Policy Soil, Spatial Planning and Urbanism

HOUSING OFFICE TECHNICIAN (1964), Chelas Urbanization Plan, Lisbon, CML

Master's theses

BAPTISTA, Alexandre Miguel Barros. "Reactivation Urban and Community. Public Space qualification while
Regeneration Strategy Marvila ". Scientific guidance: Dr. Carlos Manuel Silva Lameiro. Lisbon, FAUL,
February 2015

GONÇALVES, Jairo Emanuel Salgado da Silva. "Inhabiting, and Enable Marvila. The Case of the Silver Arm Factory ".
Scientific guidance: Dr. Carlos Manuel da Silva Lameiro. Faculty of Architecture of the University of Lisbon.
Lisbon February 2015.

MACHADO, André Gonçalves de France. "Marvila. A new centrality. infrastructural integration and renewal of
urban fabric ". Scientific guidance: Dr. Peter George. Faculty of Architecture of the Technical University of
Lisbon. Lisbon, September 2011.

WALLS, Pedro Fernandes. "Marvila. Transversalities riverside. infrastructural integration and renewal of
urban fabric ". Scientific guidance: Dr. Sofia Morgado. Lisbon, FAUTL Nov 2011

PINTO, Monica Filipa Bilro. "Urban Regeneration - the Vale Formoso to Rio Recovery and rehabilitation of buildings.
existing in Marvila. " Scientific guidance: Dr. Carlos Manuel da Silva Lameiro. School of Architecture
University of Lisbon. Lisbon, December 2016.

Webgrafia

Lisbon (consulted in April 2017)

<Https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lisboa>
Marques de Pombal (accessed April 2017)
<Https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sebasti%C3%A3o_Jos%C3%A9_de_Carvalho_e_Melo>

Earthquake of 1755 (consulted in April 2017)

<Https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sismo_de_Lisboa_de_1755>

44
Port of Lisbon (consulted in April 2017)
<Http://www.portodelisboa.pt/portal/page/portal/PORTAL_PORTO_LISBOA/PORTO_LISBOA/HISTORIA>

Lisbon City Hall (Accessed on April 2017)

<Http://www.cm-lisboa.pt/>

Pelouro Housing and Local Development. The BIP / ZIP Program (Accessed on April 2017)
<Http://habitacao.cm-lisboa.pt/>

Board of Parish of Marvila (Accessed on April 2017)

<Http://jf-marvila.pt/>

Factory Silver Arm (Accessed on April 2017)

<Http://www.bracodeprata.com/>
<Httprestosdecoleccao.blogspot.pt201109fabrica-of-materials-de-guerra.html>

Group Obriverca, Silver Arm Gardens (Accessed on April 2017)

<Http://www.obriverca.pt/detalheProjeto.php?idProj=20>

Old Marvila Industries (Accessed on April 2017)

<Http://restosdecoleccao.blogspot.pt/>

Atelier MOB (consulted in April 2017)

<Http://www.ateliermob.com/>

Project for Expo '98: The Park of Nations (Accessed on April 2017)
<Http://www.portaldasnacoes.pt/pt/>

Baths, Patio Project, Jaime J. Ferrer Forés. El Marcadal, Spain. 2011 (Accessed on April 2017)
<Http://www.archdaily.com.br/br/01-125876/casas-patio-sociais-em-es-mercadal-slash-ferrer-fores>

Project "Housing Unit" by Le Corbusier. Marseille, France. 1952. (Accessed on April 2017)
<Http://www.archdaily.com.br/br/783522/classicos-da-arquitetura-unidade-de-habitacao-le-corbusier>

Old Marvila Industries (Accessed on April 2017)

<Http://restosdecoleccao.blogspot.pt/>

45
João Pedro Silva Nunes and Agate Golden Sequeira, "The Fado Marvila. Notes on the source and destination city
Metropolitan of an old industrial area of ​Lisbon, "Sociological Forum [Online], 21 | 2011 online post in
05 September 2012, consulted 15 May 2017. URL: http://sociologico.revues.org/382; IT HURTS:
10.4000 / sociologico.382 (referred February 2017)

46
attachments

Annex I - Urban and Architectural Analysis - Plant Filled / Empty and Obstacles

Annex II - Urban and Architectural Analysis - Plant of the various types of buildings and materiality and Plant

built exceptional

Annex III - Maps of historical developments and plan the evolution of settlement line

Annex IV - Plant demolition of the intervention area and plant Human and Social

Annex V - situations detection and plant elements and coordination of plant situations and scattered elements

the territory

Annex VI - Plant of the structural elements and plan of project ideas

Appendix VII - PANEL 01 - Conceptual development studies; photographs of the existing solar studies

Annex VIII - panels 02 - Plant full / empty; 1: 2500, Plant Implantation axonometric diagrams and 1: 1000

Annex IX - PANEL 03 - Plant 1: 500

Annex X - PANEL 04 - Plant 1: 500

Annex XI - PANEL 05 - Plants and Elevation 1: 500

Appendix XII - PANEL 06 - Sections 1: 500

Annex XIII - PANEL 07 - axonometric drawings Explode

Annex XIV - PANEL 08 - Foreign Views

Annex XV - PANEL 09 - Plants and East Elevation 1: 200

47
Appendix XVI - PANEL 10 - Plants and West Elevation 1: 200

Annex XVII - PANEL 11 - Plans and Elevations North and South 1: 200

Annex XVIII - PANEL 12 - Plant 1: 200, axonometric drawings and Interior Views

Annex XIX - panels 13 - Cut 1: 200

Annex XX - panels 14 - ceiling and floor plans 1: 50

Annex XXI - PANEL 15 - ceiling and floor plans, sections 1: 50 and Map of Gaps Interior 1: 20

Annex XXII - PANEL 16 - Openings Map Interior and Exterior 1:20 + Specifications

Annex XXIII - PANEL 17 - Construction details 1: 10

Annex XXIV - PANEL 18 - Interior Views

Annex XXV - panels 19 - Photographs of the model at 1: 200

Annex XXVI - panels 20 - Photographs of the model to scale 1: 1000

48