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Sendai Framework
for Disaster Risk Reduction
2015-2030

Contents

1. Preamble 5
2. Expected outcome and goal 13

3. Guiding principles 17
4. Priorities for action 21
5. Priority 1: Understanding disaster risk 23
6. Priority 2: Strengthening disaster risk governance
to manage disaster risk 31
7. Priority 3: Investing in disaster risk reduction for resilience 39
8. Priority 4: Enhancing disaster preparedness for effective
response and to "Build Back Better" in recovery, rehabilitation
and reconstruction 47
10. Role of stakeholders 55
11. Support From international organization 65

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I. Preamble

1. The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030 was adopted at the Third United
Nations World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction, held from 14 to 18 March 2015 in Sendai,
Miyagi, Japan, which represented a unique opportunity for countries:
(a) To adopt a concise, focused, forward-looking and action-oriented post 2015 framework for
disaster risk reduction;

(b) To complete the assessment and review of the implementation of the Hyogo Framework for
Action 2005-2015: Building the Resilience of Nations and Communities to Disasters;1

(c) To consider the experience gained through the regional and national strategies/ institutions and
plans for disaster risk reduction and their recommendations, as well as relevant regional
agreements for the implementation of the Hyogo Framework for Action;

(d) To identifY modalities of cooperation based on commitments to implement a post 2015 framework
for disaster risk reduction;

(e) To determine modalities for the periodic review of the implementation of a post 2015 framework
for disaster risk reduction.

2. During the World Conference, States also reiterated their commitment to address disaster risk
reduction and the building of resilience' to disasters with a renewed sense of urgency within the
context of sustainable development and poverty eradication, and to integrate, as appropriate, both
disaster risk reduction and the building of resilience into policies, plans, programmes and budgets at
all levels and to consider both within relevant frameworks.

Hyogo Framework for Action: lessons learned, gaps identified and future challenges

3. Since the adoption of the Hyogo Framework for Action in 2005, as documented in national and
regional progress reports on its implementation as well as in other global reports, progress has been
achieved in reducing disaster risk at locaL national, regional and global levels by countries and other
relevant stakeholders, leading to a decrease in mortality in the case of some hazards. 3 Reducing disaster
risk is a cost-effective investment in preventing future losses. Effective disaster risk management
contributes to sustainable development. Countries have enhanced their capacities in disaster risk
management. International mechanisms for strategic advice, coordination and partnership development
for disaster risk reduction, such as the Global Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction and the regional
platforms for disaster risk reduction, as well as other relevant international and regional forums for
cooperation, have been instrumental in the development of policies and strategies and the advancement
of knowledge and mutual learning. Overall, the Hyogo Framework fur Action has been an important
instrument for raising public and institutional awareness, generating political commitment and focusing
and catalysing actions by a wide range of stakeholders at all levels.

1. A/CONF.206/6 and Corr.l, chap.!, resolution 2.

2. Resilience is defined as: "The ahility of a sysrem, community or society exposed to hazards to resist, absorb, accommodate to and recover
from the effects of a hazard in a timely and efficient manner, including through the preservation and restoration of its essential basic
structures and functions': United Nations Office fur Disaster Risk Rednction (UNISDR), "2009 UNISDR Terminology on Disaster Risk
Reduction~ Geneva, May 2009 (http:/ /www.unisdr.org/we/infurm/terminology).

3.Hazard is defined in the Hyogo Framework fur Action as: "A potentially damaging ph)"'ical event, phenomenon or humanactivity that
may cause the loss of life or injury, property damage, social and economic disruption or environmental degradation. Hazards can include
latent conditions that may represent future threats and can have different origins: natural (geological, hydrometeorclogical and biological)
or induced by human processes (environmental degradation and technological hazards).

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4. Over the same 10 year time frame, however, disasters have continued to exact a heavy toll and, as a
result, the well-being and safety of persons, communities and countries as a whole have been affected.
Over 700 thousand people have lost their lives, over 1.4 million have been injured and approximately
23 million have been made homeless as a result of disasters. Overall, more than 1.5 billion people have
been affected by disasters in various ways, with women, children and people in vulnerable situations
disproportionately affected. The total economic loss was more than $1.3 trillion. In addition, between
2008 and 2012, 144 million people were displaced by disasters. Disasters, many of which are exacerbated
by climate change and which are increasing in frequency and intensity, significantly impede progress
towards sustainable development. Evidence indicates that exposure of persons and assets in all countries
has increased faster than vulnerability' has decreased, thus generatiog new risks and a steady rise in
disasterrelated losses, with a significant economic, social, health, cultural and environmental impact
in the short, medium and long term, especially at the local and community levels. Recurring small-scale
disasters and slow-onset disasters particularly affect communities, households and small and medium-sized
enterprises, constituting a high percentage of all losses. All countries - especially developing countries,
where the mortality and economic losses from disasters are disproportionately higher - are faced
with increasing levels of possible hidden costs and challenges in order to meet financial and other
obligations.

5. It is urgent and critical to anticipate, plan for and reduce disaster risk in order to more effectively
protect persons, communities and countries, their livelihoods, health, cultural heritage, socioeconomic
assets and ecosystems, and thus strengthen their resilience.

4. Vulnerability is defined in the Hyogo Framework for Action as: "The conditions determined by physical, social, economic and
environmental factors or processes, which increase the susceptibility of a community to the impact ofhv.ards".

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6. Enhanced work to reduce exposure and vulnerability, thus preventing the creation of new disaster
risks, and accountability for disaster risk creation are needed at all levels. More dedicated action needs
to be focused on tackling underlying disaster risk drivers, such as the consequences of poverty and
inequality, climate change and variability, unplanned and rapid urbanization, poor land management
and compounding factors such as demographic change,
weak institutional arrangements, non-risk-informed policies, lack of regulation and incentives for
private disaster risk reduction investment, complex supply chains, limited availability of technology,
unsustainable uses of natural resources, declining ecosystems, pandemics and epidemics. Moreover, it
is necessary to continue strengthening good governance in disaster risk reduction strategies at the
national, regional and global levels and improving preparedness and national coordination for disaster
response, rehabilitation and reconstruction, and to use post-disaster recovery and reconstruction to
"Build Back Better~ supported by strengthened modalities of international cooperation.

7. There has to be a broader and a more people-centred preventive approach to disaster risk. Disaster
risk reduction practices need to be multi-hazard and multisectoral, inclusive and accessible in order
to be efficient and effective. While recognizing their leading, regulatory and coordination role,
Governments should engage with relevant stakeholders, including women, children and youth, persons
with disabilities, poor people, migrants, indigenous peoples, volunteers, the community of practitioners
and older persons in the design and implementation of policies, plans and standards. There is a need
for the public and private sectors and civil society organizations, as well as academia and scientific and
research institutions, to work more closely together and to create opportunities for collaboration,
and for businesses to integrate disaster risk into their management practices.

8. International, regional, subregional and transboundary cooperation remains pivotal in supporting

the efforts of States, their national and local authorities, as well as communities and businesses, to
reduce disaster risk. Existing mechanisms may require strengthening in order to provide effective
support and achieve better implementation. Developing countries, in particular the least developed
countries, small island developing States, landlocked developing countries and African countries, as
well as middle-income countries facing specific challenges, need special attention and support to
augment domestic resources and capabilities through bilateral and multilateral channels in order to
ensure adequate, sustainable, and timely means of implementation in capacity-building, financial
and technical assistance and technology transfer, in accordance with international commitments.

5. The Hyogo Framework priorities for action 2005-2015 are: (1) ensure that disaster risk reduction is a national and a local priority with
a strong institutional basis for implementation; (2) identify, assess and monitor disaster risks and enhance early warning; (3) use
knowledge, innovation and education to build a culture of safety and resilience at all levels; (4) reduce the underlying risk factors; and
(5) strengthen disaster preparedness for effective response at all levels
6. AJRES/66/288, annex.
7. Report of the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development. Rio de Janeiro, 3-14 June 1992, vol. I. Resolutions
Adopted by the Conference {United Nations publication, Sales No. E.93.!.8 and corrigendum), resolution I, annex I.

9
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9. Overall, the Hyogo Framework for Action has provided critical guidance in efforts to reduce disaster
risk and has contributed to the progress towards the achievement of the Millennium Development
Goals. Its implementation has, however, highlighted a number of gaps in addressing the underlying
disaster risk factors, in the formulation of goals and priorities for action,' in the need to foster disaster
resilience at all levels and in ensuring adequate means of implementation. The gaps indicate a need to
develop an action-oriented framework that Governments and relevant stakeholders can implement in
a supportive and complementary manner, and which helps to identify disaster risks to be managed
and guides investment to improve resilience.

10. Ten years after the adoption of the Hyogo Framework for Action, disasters continue to undermine
efforts to achieve sustainable development.

11. The intergovernmental negotiations on the post 2015 development agenda. financing for development,
climate change and disaster risk reduction provide the international community with a unique opportunity
to enhance coherence across policies, institutions, goals, indicators and measurement systems for
implementation, while respecting the respective mandates. Ensuring credible links, as appropriate,
between these processes will contribute to building resilience and achieving the global goal of eradicating
poverty.

12. It is recalled that the outcome document of the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development,
held in 2012, entitled "The future we want';• called for disaster risk reduction and the building of
resilience to disasters to be addressed with a renewed sense of urgency in the context of sustainable
development and poverty eradication and, as appropriate, to be integrated at all levels. The Conference
also reaffirmed all the principles of the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development. 7

13. Addressing climate change as one of the drivers of disaster risk, while respecting the mandate of
the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change,• represents an opportunity to reduce
disaster risk in a meaningful and coherent manner throughout the interrelated intergovernmental
processes.

8. The climate change issues mentioned in this Framework remain within the mandate of the United Nations Framework Convention
on Climate Change under the oompetences of the Parties to the Convention.

11
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14. Against this background. and in order to reduce disaster risk, there is a need to address existing
challenges and prepare fur future ones by focusing on monitoring, assessing and understanding disaster
risk and sharing such information and on how it is created; strengthening disaster risk governance and
coordination across relevant institutions and sectors and the full and meaningful participation of
relevant stakeholders at appropriate levels; investing in the economic, social, health, cultural and
educational resilience of persons, communities and countries and the environment, as well as through
technology and research; and enhancing multi-hazard early warning systems, preparedness, response,
recovery, rehabilitation and reconstruction. To complement national action and capacity, there is a
need to enhance international cooperation between developed and developing countries and between
States and international organizations.

15. The present Framework will apply to the risk of small-scale and large-scale, frequent and infrequent,
sudden and slow-onset disasters caused by natural or man-made hazards, as well as related environmental,
technological and biological hazards and risks. It aims to guide the rnultihazard management of disaster
risk in development at all levels as well as within and across all sectors.

II. Expected outcome and goal

16. While some progress in building resilience and reducing losses and damages has been achieved, a
substantial reduction of disaster risk requires perseverance and persistence, with a more explicit focus
on people and their health and livelihoods, and regular follow-up. Building on the Hyogo Framework
for Action, the present Framework aims to achieve the following outcome over the next 15 years:

9. Categories of affected people will be elaborated in the process for post-Sendai work decided by the Conference.
10. AJCONF.l72/9, chap. I, resolution I, annex I.

13
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 The substantial reduction of disaster risk and losses in lives, livelihoods and health and in the
economic, physical, social, cultural and environmental assets of persons, businesses, communities
and countries.

The realization of this outcome requires the strong commitment and involvement of political leadership
in every country at all levels in the implementation and follow-up of the present Framework and in the
creation of the necessary conducive and enabling environment.

17. To attain the expected outcome, the following goal must be pursued:

Prevent new and reduce existing disaster risk through the implementation of integrated and
inclusive economic, structural, legal, social, health, cultural, educational, environmental,
technological, political and institutional measures that prevent and reduce hazard exposure
and vulnerability to disaster, increase preparedness for response and recovery, and thus strengthen
resilience.

The pursuance of this goal requires the enhancement of the implementation capacity and capability of
developing countries, in particular the least developed countries, small island developing States,
landiocked developing countries and African countries, as well as middleincome countries facing
specific challenges, including the mobilization of support through international cooperation for the
provision of means of implementation in accordance with their national priorities.

18. To support the assessment of global progress in achieving the outcome and goal of the present
Framework, seven global targets have been agreed. These targets will be measured at the global level
and will be complemented by work to develop appropriate indicators. National targets and indicators
will contribute to the achievement of the outcome and goal of the present Framework. The seven global
targets are:

(a) Substantially reduce global disaster mortality by 2030, aiming to lower the average per
100,000 global mortality rate in the decade 2020-2030 compared to the period 2005- 2015;

(b) Substantially reduce the number of affected people globally by 2030, aiming to lower the
average global figure per 100,000 in the decade 2020-2030 compared to the period 2005-20 15;9

(c) Reduce direct disaster economic loss in relation to global gross domestic product (GDP) by
2030;

15
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 (d) Substantially reduce disaster damage to critical infrastructure and disruption of basic
services, among them health and educational facilities, including through developing their
resilience by 2030;

(e) Substantially increase the number of countries with national and local disaster risk reduction
strategies by 2020;

(f) Substantially enhance international cooperation to developing countries through adequate

and sustainable support to complement their national actions for implementation of the
present Framework by 2030;

(g) Substantially increase the availability of and access to multi-hazard early warning systems
and disaster risk information and assessments to people by 2030.

III. Gniding principles

19. Drawing from the principles contained in the Yokohama Strategy for a Safer World: Guidelines for
Natural Disaster Prevention, Preparedness and Mitigation and its Plan of Action 10 and the Hyogo
Framework for Action, the implementation of the present Framework will be guided by the following
principles, while taking into account national circumstances, and consistent with domestic laws as
well as international obligations and commitments:

(a) Each State has the primary responsibility to prevent and reduce disaster risk, including
through international, regional, subregional, transboundary and bilateral cooperation. The
reduction of disaster risk is a common concern for all States and the extent to which developing
countries are able to effectively enhance and implement national disaster risk reduction
policies and measures in the context of their respective circumstances and capabilities can
be further enhanced through the provision of sustainable international cooperation;

(b) Disaster risk reduction requires that responsibilities be shared by central Governments
and relevant national authorities, sectors and stakeholders, as appropriate to their national
circumstances and systems of governance;

(c) Managing the risk of disasters is aimed at protecting persons and their property, health,
livelihoods and productive assets, as well as cultural and environmental assets, while
promoting and protecting all human rights, including the right to development;

17
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(d) Disaster risk reduction requires an all-of-society engagement and partnership. It also requires
empowerment and inclusive, accessible and non discriminatory participation, paying special
attention to people disproportionately affected by disasters, especially the poorest. A gender,
age, disability and cultural perspective should be integrated in all policies and practices,
and women and youth leadership should be promoted. In this context, special attention
should be paid to the improvement of organized voluntary work of citizens;

(e) Disaster risk reduction and management depends on coordination mechanisms within
and across sectors and with relevant stakeholders at all levels, and it requires the full
engagement of all State institutions of an executive and legislative nature at national and
local levels and a dear articulation of responsibilities across public and private stakeholders,
including business and academia, to ensure mutual outreach, partnership, complementarity
in roles and accountability and follow-up;

(f) While the enabling, guiding and coordinating role of national and federal State Governments
remain essential, it is necessary to empower local authorities and local communities to
reduce disaster risk, including through resources, incentives and decision-making
responsibilities, as appropriate;

(g) Disaster risk reduction requires a multi-hazard approach and inclusive risk-informed
decision-making based on the open exchange and dissemination of disaggregated data,
including by sex, age and disability, as well as on easily accessible, up-to-date, comprehensible,
science-based, non-sensitive risk information, complemented by traditional knowledge;

(h) The development, strengthening and implementation of relevant policies, plans, practices
and mechanisms need to aim at coherence, as appropriate, across sustainable development
and growth, food security, health and safety, climate change and variability, environmental
management and disa ter risk reduction agendas. Disaster risk reduction is essential to
achieve sustainable development;

19
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 (i) While the drivers of disaster risk may be local, national, regional or global in scope, disaster
risks have local and specific characteristics that must be understood for the determination
of measures to reduce disaster risk;

0) Addressing underlying disaster risk factors through disaster risk-infonned public and private
investments is more cost -effective than primary reliance on post-disaster response and
recovery, and contributes to sustainable development;

(k) In the post-disaster recovery, rehabilitation and reconstruction phase, it is critical to prevent
the creation of and to reduce disaster risk by "Building Back Better" and increasing public
education and awareness of disaster risk;

(I) An effective and meaningful global partnership and the further strengthening of international
cooperation, including the fulfilment of respective commitments of official development
assistance by developed countries, are essential for effective disaster risk management;

(m) Developing countries, in particular the least developed countries, small island developing
States, landiocked developing countries and African countries, as well as middle-income
and other countries facing specific disaster risk challenges, need adequate, sustainable and
timely provision of support, including through finance, technology transfer and capadtybuilding
from developed countries and partners tallored to their needs and priorities, as identified
by them.

Iv. Priorities for action

20. Taking into account the experience gained through the implementation of the Hyogo Framework
for Action, and in pursuance of the expected outcome and goal, there is a need for focused action
within and across sectors by States at local, national, regional and global levels in the following four
priority areas:

Priority 1: Understanding disaster risk.

Priority 2: Strengthening disaster risk governance to manage disaster risk.

Priority 3: Investing in disaster risk reduction for resilience.

Priority 4: Enhancing disaster preparedness for effective response and to "Build Back Better" in
recovery, rehabilitation and reconstruction.

21
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21. In their approach to disaster risk reduction, States, regional and international organizations and
other relevant stakeholders should take into consideration the key activities listed under each of these
four priorities and should implement them, as appropriate, taking into consideration respective
capacities and capabilities, in line with national laws and regulations.

22. In the context of increasing global interdependence, concerted international cooperation, an

enabling international environment and means of implementation are needed to stimulate and contribute
to developing the knowledge, capacities and motivation for disaster risk reduction at all levels, in particular
for developing countries.

Priority I: Understanding disaster risk

23. Policies and practices for disaster risk management should be based on an understanding of disaster
risk in all its dimensions of vulnerability, capacity, exposure of persons and assets, hazard characteristics
and the environment. Such knowledge can be leveraged for the purpose of pre-disaster risk assessment,
for prevention and mitigation and for the development and implementation of appropriate preparedness
and effective response to disasters.

National and local levels

24. To achieve this, it is important:

(a) To promote the collection, analysis, management and use of relevant data and practical
information and ensure its dissemination, taking into account the needs of different categories
of users, as appropriate;

(b) To encourage the use of and strengthening of baselines and periodically assess disaster risks,
vulnerability, capacity, exposure, hazard characteristics and their possible sequential effects
at the relevant social and spatial scale on ecosystems, in line with national circumstances;

23
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(c) To develop, periodically update and disseminate, as appropriate, location-based disaster risk
information, including risk maps, to decision makers, the general public and communities at
risk of exposure to disaster in an appropriate format by using, as applicable, geospatial
information technology;
(d) To systematically evaluate, record, share and publicly account for disaster losses and understand
the economic, social, health, education, environmental and cultural heritage impacts, as
appropriate, in the context of event-specific hazard-exposure and vulnerability information;
(e) To make non-sensitive hazard-exposure, vulnerability, risk, disaster and loss-disaggregated
information freely available and accessible, as appropriate;
(f) To promote real time access to reliable data, make use of space and in situ information,
including geographic information systems (GIS), and use information and communications
technology innovations to enhance measurement tools and the collection, analysis and
dissemination of data;

(g) To build the knowledge of government officials at all levels, civil society, communities and
volunteers, as well as the private sector, through sharing experiences, lessons learned, good
practices and training and education on disaster risk reduction, including the use of existing
training and education mechanisms and peer learning;

(h) To promote and improve dialogue and cooperation among scientific and technological
communities, other relevant stakeholders and policymakers in order to facilitate a sdencepolicy
interface for effective decision-making in disaster risk management;

(i) To ensure the use of traditional, indigenous and local knowledge and practices, as appropriate,
to complement scientific knowledge in disaster risk assessment and the development and
implementation of policies, strategies, plans and programmes of specific sectors, with a
cross-sectoral approach, which should be tailored to localities and to the context;

0) To strengthen technical and scientific capacity to capitalize on and consolidate existing

knowledge and to develop and apply methodologies and models to assess disaster risks,
vulnerabilities and exposure to all hazards;

25
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 (k) To promote investments in innovation and technology development in long-term, multihazard
and solution -driven research in disaster risk management to address gaps, obstacles,
interdependencies and social, economic, educational and environmental challenges and
disaster risks;

(1) To promote the incorporation of disaster risk knowledge, including disaster prevention,
mitigation, preparedness, response, recovery and rehabilitation, in formal and non-formal
education, as well as in civic education at all levels, as well as in professional education and
training;

(m) To promote national strategies to strengthen public education and awareness in disaster risk
reduction, including disaster risk information and knowledge, through campaigns, social
media and community mobilization, taking into account specific audiences and their needs;

(n) To apply risk information in all its dimensions of vulnerability, capacity and exposure of
persons, communities, countries and assets, as well as hazard characteristics, to develop and
implement disaster risk reduction policies;

(o) To enhance collaboration among people at the local level to disseminate disaster risk information
through the involvement of community-based organizations and nongovernmental organizations.
Global and regional levels

25. To achieve this, it is important:

(a) To enhance the development and dissemination of science-based methodologies and tools to
record and share disaster losses and relevant disaggregated data and statistics, as well as to
strengthen disaster risk modelling, assessment, mapping, monitoring and multihazard
early warning systems;

(b) To promote the conduct of comprehensive surveys on multi-hazard disaster risks and the
development of regional disaster risk assessments and maps, including climate change scenarios;

(c) To promote and enhance, through international cooperation, including technology transfer,
access to and the sharing and use of non-sensitive data and information, as appropriate,
communications and geospatial and space-based technologies and related services; maintain
and strengthen in situ and remotely-sensed earth and climate observations; and strengthen
the utilization of media, including social media, traditional media, big data and mobile
phone networks, to support national measures for successful disaster risk communication,
as appropriate and in accordance with national laws;

27
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(d) To promote common efforts in partnership with the scientific and technological community,
academia and the private sector to establish, disseminate and share good practices internationally;

(e) To support the development oflocal, national, regional and global user-friendly systems and
services for the exchange of information on good practices, cost-effective and easy-to-use
disaster risk reduction technologies and lessons learned on policies, plans and measures for
disaster risk reduction;

(f) To develop effective global and regional campaigns as instruments for public awareness and
education, building on the existing ones (for example, the "One million safe schools and
hospitals" initiative; the "Making Cities Resilient: My city is getting ready" campaign; the
United Nations Sasakawa Award for Disaster Risk Reduction; and the annual United Nations
International Day for Disaster Reduction), to promote a culture of disaster prevention, resilience
and responsible citizenship, generate understanding of disaster risk, support mutual learning
and share experiences; and encourage public and private stakeholders to actively engage in
such initiatives and to develop new ones at the local, national, regional and global levels;

(g) To enhance the scientific and technical work on disaster risk reduction and its mobilization
through the coordination of existing networks and scientific research institutions at all levels
and in all regions, with the support of the United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction
Scientific and Technical Advisory Group, in order to strengthen the evidencebase in support
of the implementation of the present Framework; promote scientific research on disaster risk
patterns, causes and effects; disseminate risk information with the best use of geospatial
information technology; provide guidance on methodologies and standards for risk assessments,
disaster risk modelling and the use of data; identify research and technology gaps and set
recommendations for research priority areas in disaster risk reduction; promote and support
the availability and application of science and technology to decision-making; contribute to
the update of the publication entitled "2009 UNISDR Terminology on Disaster Risk Reduction";
use post-disaster reviews as opportunities to enhance learning and public policy; and
disseminate studies;

29
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 (h) To encourage the availability of copyrighted and patented materials, including through
negotiated concessions, as appropriate;

(i) To enhance access to and support for innovation and technology, as well as in long-term,
multi-hazard and solution-driven research and development in the field of disaster risk
management.

Priority 2: Strengthening disaster risk governance to manage disaster risk

26. Disaster risk governance at the national, regional and global levels is of great importance for an
effective and efficient management of disaster risk. Clear vision, plans, competence, guidance and
coordination within and across sectors, as well as participation of relevant stakeholders, are needed.
Strengthening disaster risk governance for prevention, mitigation, preparedness, response, recovery
and rehabilitation is therefore necessary and fosters collaboration and partnership across mechanisms
and institutions for the implementation of instruments relevant to disaster risk reduction and sustainable
development.

National and local levels

27. To achieve this, it is important:

(a) To mainstream and integrate disaster risk reduction within and across all sectors and review
and promote the coherence and further development, as appropriate, of national and local
frameworks oflaws, regulations and public policies, which, by defining roles and responsibilities,
guide the public and private sectors in:

31
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 (i) addressing disaster risk in publically owned, managed or regulated services and
infrastructures;

(il) promoting and providing incentives, as relevant, for actions by persons, households,
communities and businesses;

(ill) enhancing relevant mechanisms and initiatives for disaster risk transparency, which
may include financial incentives, public awareness-raising and training initiatives,
reporting requirements and legal and administrative measures; and

(iv) putting in place coordination and organizational structures;

(b) To adopt and implement national and local disaster risk reduction strategies and plans, across
different timescales, with targets, indicators and time frames, aimed at preventing the creation
of risk, the reduction of existing risk and the strengthening of economic, social, health and
environmental resilience;

(c) To carry out an assessment of the technical, financial and administrative disaster risk
management capacity to deal with the identified risks at the local and national levels;

(d) To encourage the establishment of necessary mechanisms and incentives to ensure high levels
of compliance with the existing safety-enhancing provisions of sectoral laws and regulations,
including those addressing land use and urban planning, building codes, environmental and
resource management and health and safety standards, and update them, where needed, to
ensure an adequate focus on disaster risk management;

(e) To develop and strengthen, as appropriate, mechanisms to follow up, periodically assess and
publicly report on progress on national and local plans; and promote public scrutiny and
encourage institutional debates, including by parliamentarians and other relevant officials,
on progress reports oflocal and national plans for disaster risk reduction;

(f) To assign, as appropriate, clear roles and tasks to community representatives within disaster
risk management institutions and processes and decision-making through relevant legal
frameworks, and undertake comprehensive public and community consultations during the
development of such laws and regulations to support their implementation;

33
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(g) To establish and strengthen government coordination forums composed of relevant stakeholders
at the national and local levels, such as national and local platforms for disaster risk reduction,
and a designated national focal point for implementing the Sendai Framework for Disaster
Risk Reduction 2015-2030. It is necessary for such mechanisms to have a strong foundation
in national institutional frameworks with clearly assigned responsibilities and authority to,
inter alia, identify sectoral and multisectoral disaster risk, build awareness and knowledge of
disaster risk through sharing and dissemination of non-sensitive disaster risk information
and data, contribute to and coordinate reports on local and national disaster risk, coordinate
public awareness campaigns on disaster risk, facilitate and support local multisectoral
cooperation (e.g. among local governments) and contribute to the determination of and
reporting on national and local disaster risk management plans and all policies relevant for
disaster risk management These responsibilities should be established through laws, regulations,
standards and procedures;

(h) To empower local authorities, as appropriate, through regulatory and financial means to
work and coordinate with civil society, communities and indigenous peoples and migrants
in disaster risk management at the local level;

(i) To encourage parliamentarians to support the implementation of disaster risk reduction by

developing new or amending relevant legislation and setting budget allocations;

0) To promote the development of quality standards, such as certifications and awards for disaster
risk management, with the participation of the private sector, civil society, professional
associations, scientific organizations and the United Nations;

(k) To formulate public policies, where applicable, aimed at addressing the issues of prevention
or relocation, where possible, of human settlements in disaster risk-prone zones, subject to
national law and legal systems.

35
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Global and regional. levels
28. To achieve this, it is important:

(a) To guide action at the regional level through agreed regional and subregional strategies and
mechanisms for cooperation for disaster risk reduction, as appropriate, in the light of the
present Framework, in order to foster more efficient planning, create common information
systems and exchange good practices and programmes for cooperation and capacity development,
in particular to address common and transboundary disaster risks;
(b) To foster collaboration across global and regional mechanisms and institutions for the
implementation and coherence of instruments and tools relevant to disaster risk reduction,
such as for climate change, biodiversity, sustainable development, poverty eradication,
environment, agriculture, health, food and nutrition and others, as appropriate;

(c) To actively engage in the Global Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction, the regional and
subregional platforms for disaster risk reduction and the thematic platforms in order to
forge partnerships, periodically assess progress on implementation and share practice and
knowledge on disaster risk-informed policies, programmes and investments, including on
development and climate issues, as appropriate, as well as to promote the integration of disaster
risk management in other relevant sectors. Regional intergovernmental organizations should
play an important role in the regional platforms for disaster risk reduction;

(d) To promote transboundary cooperation to enable policy and planning for the implementation
of ecosystem-based approaches with regard to shared resources, such as within river basins
and along coastlines, to build resilience and reduce disaster risk, including epidemic and
displacement risk;

(e) To promote mutual learning and exchange of good practices and information through, inter
alia, voluntary and self-initiated peer reviews among interested States;

37
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 (f) To promote the strengthening of, as appropriate, international voluntary mechanisms for
monitoring and assessment of disaster risks, including relevant data and information, benefiting
from the experience of the Hyogo Framework for Action Monitor. Such mechanisms may
promote the exchange of non-sensitive information on disaster risks to the relevant national
Government bodies and stakeholders in the interest of sustainable social and economic
development.

Priority 3: Investing in disaster risk reduction for resilience

29. Public and private investment in disaster risk prevention and reduction through structural and
non-structural measures are essential to enhance the economic, social, health and cultural resilience
of persons, communities, countries and their assets, as well as the environment. These can be drivers
of innovation, growth and job creation. Such measures are cost-effective and instrumental to save
lives, prevent and reduce losses and ensure effective recovery and rehabilitation.

National and local levels

30. To achieve this, it is important:

(a) To allocate the necessary resources, including finance and logistics, as appropriate, at all levels
of administration for the development and the implementation of disaster risk reduction
strategies, policies, plans, laws and regulations in all relevant sectors;
(b) To promote mechanisms for disaster risk transfer and insurance, risk-sharing and retention
and financial protection, as appropriate, for both public and private investment in order to
reduce the financial impact of disasters on Governments and societies, in urban and rural
areas;

39
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(c) To strengthen, as appropriate, disaster-resilient public and private investments, particularly
through structural, non-structural and functional disaster risk prevention and reduction
measures in critical facilities, in particular schools and hospitals and physical infrastructures;
building better from the start to withstand hazards through proper design and construction,
including the use of the principles of universal design and the standardization of building
materials; retrofitting and rebuilding; nurturing a culture of maintenance; and taking into
account economic, social, structural, technological and environmental impact assessments;

(d) To protect or support the protection of cultural and collecting institutions and other sites of
historical, cultural heritage and religious interest;

(e) To promote the disaster risk resilience of workplaces through structural and non-structural
measures;

(f) To promote the mainstreaming of disaster risk assessments into land-use policy development
and implementation, including urban planning, land degradation assessments and informal
and non-permanent housing, and the use of guidelines and follow-up tools informed by
anticipated demographic and environmental changes;

(g) To promote the mainstreaming of disaster risk assessment, mapping and management into
rural development planning and management of, inter alia, mountains, rivers, coastal flood
plain areas, drylands, wetlands and all other areas prone to droughts and flooding, including
through the identification of areas that are safe for human settlement, and at the same time
preserving ecosystem functions that help to reduce risks;

(h) To encourage the revision of existing or the development of new building codes and standards
and rehabilitation and reconstruction practices at the national or local levels, as appropriate,
with the aim of making them more applicable within the local context, particularly in informal
and marginal human settlements, and reinforce the capacity to implement, survey and enforce
such codes through an appropriate approach, with a view to fostering disaster-resistant
structures;

41
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(i) To enhance the resilience of national health systems, including by integrating disaster risk
management into primary, secondary and tertiary health care, especially at the local level;
developing the capacity of health workers in understanding disaster risk and applying and
implementing disaster risk reduction approaches in health work; promoting and enhancing
the training capacities in the field of disaster medicine; and supporting and training community
health groups in disaster risk reduction approaches in health programmes, in collaboration
with other sectors, as well as in the implementation of the International Health Regulations
(2005) of the World Health Organization;

(j) To strengthen the design and implementation of inclusive policies and social safety-net
mechanisms, including through community involvement, integrated with livelihood
enhancement programmes, and access to basic health-care services, including maternal,
newborn and child health, sexual and reproductive health, food security and nutrition,
housing and education, towards the eradication of poverty, to find durable solutions in the
post-disaster phase and to empower and assist people disproportionately affected by disasters;

(k) People with life-threatening and chronic disease, due to their particular needs, should be
included in the design of policies and plans to manage their risks before, during and after
disasters, including having access to life-saving services;

(l) To encourage the adoption of policies and programmes addressing disaster-induced human
mobility to strengthen the resilience of affected people and that of host communities, in
accordance with national laws and circumstances;

(m) To promote, as appropriate, the integration of disaster risk reduction considerations and
measures in financial and fiscal instruments;

(n) To strengthen the sustainable use and management of ecosystems and implement integrated
environmental and natural resource management approaches that incorporate disaster risk
reduction;

43
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'1'1
 (o) To increase business resilience and protection of livelihoods and productive assets throughout
the supply chains, ensure continuity of services and integrate disaster risk management into
business models and practices;

(p) To strengthen the protection of livelihoods and productive assets, including livestock, working
animals, tools and seeds;

(q) To promote and integrate disaster risk management approaches throughout the tourism
industry, given the often heavy reliance on tourism as a key economic driver.

Global and regional levels

31. To achieve this, it is important:

(a) To promote coherence across systems, sectors and organizations related to sustainable
development and to disaster risk reduction in their policies, plans, programmes and processes;

(b) To promote the development and strengthening of disaster risk transfer and sharing mechanisms
and instruments in close cooperation with partners in the international community, business,
international financial institutions and other relevant stakeholders;

(c) To promote cooperation between academic, scientific and research entities and networks and
the private sector to develop new products and services to help to reduce disaster risk, in
particular those that would assist developing countries and their specific challenges;

(d) To encourage the coordination between global and regional financial institutions with a view
to assessing and anticipating the potential economic and social impacts of disasters;

(e) To enhance cooperation between health authorities and other relevant stakeholders to
strengthen country capacity for disaster risk management for health, the implementation of
the International Health Regulations (2005) and the building of resilient health systems;

(f) To strengthen and promote collaboration and capacity-building for the protection of productive
assets, including livestock, working animals, tools and seeds;

45
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 (g) To promote and support the development of social safety nets as disaster risk reduction measures
linked to and integrated with livelihood enhancement programmes in order to ensure resilience
to shocks at the household and community levels;
(h) To strengthen and broaden international efforts aimed at eradicating hunger and poverty
through disaster risk reduction;
(i) To promote and support collaboration among relevant public and private stakeholders to
enhance the resilience of business to disasters.
Priority 4: Enhancing disaster preparedness for effective response and to "Build Back Better" in recovery,
rehabilitation and reconstruction
32. 1he steady growth of disaster risk, including the increase of people and assets exposure, combined
with the lessons learned from past disasters, indicates the need to further strengthen disaster preparedness
for response, take action in anticipation of events, integrate disaster risk reduction in response preparedness
and ensure that capacities are in place for effective response and recovery at all levels. Empowering
women and persons with disabilities to publicly lead and promote gender equitable and universally
accessible response, recovery, rehabilitation and reconstruction approaches is key. Disasters have
demonstrated that the recovery, rehabilitation and reconstruction phase, which needs to be prepared
ahead of a disaster, is a critical opportunity to "Build Back Better'; including through integrating disaster
risk reduction into development measures, making nations and communities resilient to disasters.

ll. General Assembly resolution 69/15, annex.

47
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33. To achieve this, it is important:

(a) To prepare or review and periodically update disaster preparedness and contingency policies,
plans and programmes with the involvement of the relevant institutions, considering climate
change scenarios and their impact on disaster risk, and facilitating, as appropriate, the
participation of all sectors and relevant stakeholders;
(b) To invest in, develop, maintain and strengthen people-centred multi-hazard, multisectoral
forecasting and early warning systems, disaster risk and emergency communications
mechanisms, social technologies and hazard-monitoring telecommunications systems;
develop such systems through a participatory process; tailor them to the needs of users,
including social and cultural requirements, in particular gender; promote the application of
simple and low-cost early warning equipment and facilities; and broaden release channels
for natural disaster early warning information;
(c) To promote the resilience of new and existing critical infrastructure, including water,
transportation and telecommunications infrastructure, educational facilities, hospitals and
other health facilities, to ensure that they remain safe, effective and operational during and
after disasters in order to provide live-saving and essential services;
(d) To establish community centres for the promotion of public awareness and the stockpiling of
necessary materials to implement rescue and relief activities;
(e) To adopt public policies and actions that support the role of public service workers to establish
or strengthen coordination and funding mechanisms and procedures for relief assistance
and plan and prepare for post-disaster recovery and reconstruction;

49
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(f) To train the existing workforce and voluntary workers in disaster response and strengthen
technical and logistical capacities to ensure better response in emergencies;

(g) To ensure the continuity of operations and planuing, including social and economic recovery,
and the provision of basic services in the post-disaster phase;

(h) To promote regular disaster preparedness, response and recovery exercises, including evacuation
drills, training and the establishment of area-based support systems, with a view to ensuring
rapid and effective response to disasters and related displacement, including access to safe
shelter, essential food and non-food relief supplies, as appropriate to local needs;

(i) To promote the cooperation of diverse institutions, multiple authorities and related stakeholders at
all levels, including affected communities and business, in view of the complex and costly
nature of post-disaster reconstruction, under the coordination of national authorities;

0) To promote the incorporation of disaster risk management into post-disaster recovery and
rehabilitation processes, facilitate the link between relief, rehabilitation and development,
use opportunities during the recovery phase to develop capacities that reduce disaster risk in
the short, medium and long term, including through the development of measures such as
land-use planning, structural standards improvement and the sharing of expertise, knowledge,
post-disaster reviews and lessons learned and integrate post-disaster reconstruction into the
econoruic and social sustainable development of affected areas. This should also apply to
temporary settlements for persons displaced by disasters;

(k) To develop guidance for preparedness for disaster reconstruction, such as on land-use planuing
and structural standards improvement, including by learning from the recovery and
reconstruction programmes over the decade since the adoption of the Hyogo Framework
for Action, and exchanging experiences, knowledge and lessons learned;

51
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 (1) To consider the relocation of public facilities and infrastructures to areas outside the risk
range, wherever possible, in the post -disaster reconstruction process, in consultation with
the people concerned, as appropriate;
(m) To strengthen the capacity oflocal authorities to evacuate persons living in disaster-prone
areas;

(n) To establish a mechanism of case registry and a database of mortality caused by disaster in
order to improve the prevention of morbidity and mortality;
(o) To enhance recovery schemes to provide psychosocial support and mental health services for
all people in need;
(p) To review and strengthen, as appropriate, national laws and procedures on international
cooperation, based on the Guidelines for the Domestic Facilitation and Regulation of
International Disaster Relief and Initial Recovery Assistance.
Global and regional levels

34. To achieve this, it is important:

(a) To develop and strengthen, as appropriate, coordinated regional approaches and operational
mechanisms to prepare for and ensure rapid and effective disaster response in situations that
exceed national coping capacities;
(b) To promote the further development and dissemination of instruments, such as standards,
codes, operational guides and other guidance instruments, to support coordinated action in
disaster preparedness and response and facilitate information sharing on lessons learned
and best practices for policy practice and post -disaster reconstruction programmes;
(c) To promote the further development of and investment in effective, nationally compatible,
regional multi-hazard early warning mechanisms, where relevant, in line with the Global
Framework for Climate Services, and facilitate the sharing and exchange of information
across all countries;

53
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 (d) To enhance international mechanisms, such as the International Recovery Platform, for the
sharing of experience and learning among countries and all relevant stakeholders;

(e) To support, as appropriate, the efforts of relevant United Nations entities to strengthen and
implement global mechanisms on hydrometeorological issues in order to raise awareness
and improve understanding of water-related disaster risks and their impact on society, and
advance strategies for disaster risk reduction upon the request of States;

(f) To support regional cooperation to deal with disaster preparedness, including through
common exercises and drills;

(g) To promote regional protocols to facilitate the sharing of response capacities and resources
during and after disasters;

(h) To train the existing workforce and volunteers in disaster response.

V. Role of stakeholders
35. While States have the overall responsibility for reducing disaster risk, it is a shared responsibility
between Governments and relevant stakeholders. In particular, non-State stakeholders play an important
role as enablers in providing support to States, in accordance with national policies, laws and regulations,
in the implementation of the present Framework at local, national, regional and global levels. Their
commitment, goodwill, knowledge, experience and resources will be required.

36. When determining specific roles and responsibilities for stakeholders, and at the same time building
on existing relevant international instruments, States should encourage the following actions on the
part of all public and private stakeholders:

(a) Civil society, volunteers, organized voluntary work organizations and community-based
organizations to participate, in collaboration with public institutions, to, inter alia, provide
specific knowledge and pragmatic guidance in the context of the development and implementation
of normative frameworks, standards and plans for disaster risk reduction; engage in the
implementation oflocal, national, regional and global plans and strategies; contribute to and
support public awareness, a culture of prevention and education on disaster risk; and advocate
for resilient communities and an inclusive and all-of-society disaster risk management that
strengthen synergies across groups, as appropriate. On this point, it should be noted that:

55
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 (i) Women and their participation are critical to effectively managing disaster risk and
designing, resourcing and implementing gender-sensitive disaster risk reduction policies,
plans and programmes; and adequate capacity building measures need to be taken to
empower women for preparedness as well as to build their capacity to secure alternate
means of livelihood in post-disaster situations;

(ii) Children and youth are agents of change and should be given the space and modalities to
contribute to disaster risk reduction, in accordance with legislation, national practice
and educational curricula;
(iii) Persons with disabilities and their organizations are critical in the assessment of disaster
risk and in designing and implementing plans tailored to specific requirements, taking
into consideration, inter alia, the principles of universal design;
(iv) Older persons have years of knowledge, skills and wisdom, which are invaluable assets
to reduce disaster risk, and they should be included in the design of policies, plans and
mechanisms, including for early warning;

(v) Indigenous peoples, through their experience and traditional knowledge, provide an
important contribution to the development and implementation of plans and mechanisms,
including for early warning;
(vi) Migrants contribute to the resilience of communities and societies, and their knowledge,
skills and capacities can be useful in the design and implementation of disaster risk
reduction;
(b) Academia, scientific and research entities and networks to focus on the disaster risk factors
and scenarios, including emerging disaster risks, in the medium and long term; increase
research for regional, national and local application; support action by local communities
and authorities; and support the interface between policy and science for decision-making;

57
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 (c) Business, professional associations and private sector financial institutions, including financial
regulators and accounting bodies, as well as philanthropic foundations, to integrate disaster
risk management, including business continuity, into business models and practices through
disaster-risk-informed investments, especially in micro, small and medium-sized enterprises;
engage in awareness-raising and training for their employees and customers; engage in and
support research and innovation, as well as technological development for disaster risk
management; share and disseminate knowledge, practices and non sensitive data; and actively
participate, as appropriate and under the guidance of the public sector, in the development
of normative frameworks and technical standards that incorporate disaster risk management;

(d) Media to take an active and inclusive role at the local, national, regional and global levels in
contributing to the raising of public awareness and understanding and disseminate accurate
and non -sensitive disaster risk, hazard and disaster information, including on small-scale
disasters, in a simple, transparent, easy-to-understand and accessible manner, in close
cooperation with national authorities; adopt specific disaster risk reduction communications
policies; support, as appropriate, early warning systems and life-saving protective measures;
and stimulate a culture of prevention and strong community involvement in sustained public
education campaigns and public consultations at all levels of society, in accordance with
national practices.

37. With reference to General Assembly resolution 68/211 of 20 December 2013, commitments by
relevant stakeholders are important in order to identify modalities of cooperation and to implement
the present Framework. Those commitments should be specific and time-bound in order to support
the development of partnerships at local, national, regional and global levels and the implementation
oflocal and national disaster risk reduction strategies and plans. All stakeholders are encouraged to
publicize their commitments and their fulfilment in support of the implementation of the present
Framework, or of the national and local disaster risk management plans, through the website of the
United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction(UNISDR).

59
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VI. International cooperation and global partnership

General considerations

38. Given their different capacities, as well as the linkage between the level of support provided to
them and the extent to which they will be able to implement the present Framework, developing
countries require an enhanced provision of means of implementation, including adequate, sustainable
and timely resources, through international cooperation and global partnerships for development,
and continued international support, so as to strengthen their efforts to reduce disaster risk.

39. International cooperation for disaster risk reduction includes a variety of sources and is a critical
element in supporting the efforts of developing countries to reduce disaster risk.

40. In addressing economic disparity and disparity in technological innovation and research capacity
among countries, it is crucial to enhance technology transfer, involving a process of enabling and
facilitating flows of skill, knowledge, ideas, know-how and technology from developed to developing
countries in the implementation of the present Framework.

41. Disaster-prone developing countries, in particular the least developed countries, small island
developing States, landiocked developing countries and African countries, as well as middie-income
countries facing specific challenges, warrant particular attention in view of their higher vulnerability
and risk levels, which often greatly exceed their capacity to respond to and recover from disasters.
Such vulnerability requires the urgent strengthening of international cooperation and ensuring genuine
and durable partnerships at the regional and international levels in order to support developing countries
to implement the present Framework, in accordance with their national priorities and needs. Similar
attention and appropriate assistanc should also be extended to other disaster-prone countries with
specific characteristics, such as archipelagic countries, as well as countries with extensive coastlines.

61
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42. Disasters can disproportionately affect small island developing States, owing to their unique and
particular vulnerabilities. The effects of disasters, some of which have increased in intensity and have
been exacerbated by climate change, impede their progress towards sustainable development. Given
the special case of small island developing States, there is a critical need to build resilience and to provide
particular support through the implementation of the SIDS Accelerated Modalities of Action (SAMOA)
Pathway11 in the area of disaster risk reduction.

43. Mrican countries continue to face challenges related to disasters and increasing risks, including
those related to enhancing resilience of infrastructure, health and livelihoods. These challenges require
increased international cooperation and the provision of adequate support to Mrican countries to
allow for the implementation of the present Framework.

44. North-South cooperation, complemented by South-South and triangular cooperation, has proven
to be key to reducing disaster risk and there is a need to further strengthen cooperation in both areas.
Partnerships play an additional important role by harnessing the full potential of countries and
supporting their national capacities in disaster risk management and in improving the social, health
and economic well-being of individuals, communities and countries.

45. Efforts by developing countries offering South -South and triangular cooperation should not
reduce North-South cooperation from developed countries as they complement North-South cooperation.

46. Financing from a variety of international sources, public and private transfer of reliable, affordable,
appropriate and modern environmentally sound technology, on concessional and preferential terms,
as mutually agreed, capacity-building assistance for developing countries and enabling institutional
and policy environments at all levels are critically important means of reducing disaster risk.

63
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Means of implementation
47. To achieve this, it is necessary:

(a) To reaffirm that developing countries need enhanced provision of coordinated, sustained and
adequate international support for disaster risk reduction, in particular for the least developed
countries, small island developing States, landlocked developing countries and African
countries, as well as middle-income countries facing specific challenges, through bilateral
and multilateral channels, including through enhanced technical and financial support and
technology transfer on concessional and preferential terms, as mutually agreed, for the
development and strengthening of their capacities;
(b) To enhance access of States, in particular developing countries, to finance, environmentally
sound technology, science and inclusive innovation, as well as knowledge and informationsharing
through existing mechanisms, namely bilateral, regional and multilateral collaborative
arrangements, including the United Nations and other relevant bodies;

(c) To promote the use and expansion of thematic platforms of cooperation, such as global
technology pools and global systems to share know-how, innovation and research and
ensure access to technology and information on disaster risk reduction;
(d) To incorporate disaster risk reduction measures into multilateral and bilateral development
assistance programmes within and across all sectors, as appropriate, related to poverty
reduction, sustainable development, natural resource management, the environment, urban
development and adaptation to climate change.
Support from international organizations
48. To support the implementation of the present Framework, the following is necessary:
(a) The United Nations and other international and regional organizations, international and
regional financial institutions and donor agencies engaged in disaster risk reduction are
requested, as appropriate, to enhance the coordination of their strategies in this regard;

65
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(b) The entities of the United Nations system, including the funds and programmes and the
specialized agencies, through the United Nations Plan of Action on Disaster Risk Reduction
for Resilience, United Nations Development Assistance Frameworks and country programmes,
to promote the optimum use of resources and to support developing countries, at their
request, in the implementation of the present Framework, in coordination with other relevant
frameworks, such as the International Health Regulations (2005), including through the
development and the strengthening of capacities and dear and focused programmes that
support the priorities of States in a balanced, well-coordinated and sustainable manner,
within their respective mandates;

(c) The United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction, in particular, to support the implementation.
follow-up and review of the present Framework by: preparing periodic reviews on progress,
in particular for the Global Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction, and, as appropriate, in a
timely manner, along with the follow-up process at the United Nations, supporting the
development of coherent global and regional follow-up and indicators, and in coordination, as
appropriate, with other relevant mechanisms for sustainable development and climate change,
and updating the existing web-based Hyogo Framework for Action Monitor accordingly;
participating actively in the work of the Inter-Agency and Expert Group on Sustainable
Development Goal Indicators; generating evidence-based and practical guidance for
implementation in dose collaboration with States and through the mobilization of experts;
reinfurcing a culture of prevention among relevant stakeholders through supporting development
of standards by experts and technical organizations, advocacy initiatives and dissemination of
disaster risk information, policies and practices, as well as by providing education and
training on disaster risk reduction through affiliated organizations; supporting countries,
including through national platforms or their equivalent, in their development of national
plans and monitoring trends and patterns in disaster risk, loss and impacts; convening the
Global Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction and supporting the organization of regional
platforms for disaster risk reduction in cooperation with regional organizations; leading the
revision of the United Nations Plan of Action on Disaster Risk Reduction for Resilience;
facilitating the enhancement of, and continuing to service, the United Nations Office for
Disaster Risk Reduction Scientific and Technical Advisory Group in mobilizing science and
technical work on disaster risk reduction; leading, in close coordination with States, the update of
the publication entitled "2009 UNISDR Terminology on Disaster Risk Reduction~ in line
with the terminology agreed upon by States; and maintaining the stakeholders' commitment
registry;

67
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(d) International financial institutions, such as the World Bank and regional development banks,
to consider the priorities of the present Framework for providing financial support and loans
for integrated disaster risk reduction to developing countries;
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to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, international financial
institutions at the global and regional levels and the International Red Cross and Red Crescent
Movement to support developing countries, at their request, in the implementation of the
present Framework, in coordination with other relevant frameworks;

(f) The United Nations Global Compact, as the main United Nations initiative for engagement
with the private sector and business, to further engage with and promote the critical importance
of disaster risk reduction for sustainable development and resilience;

(g) The overall capacity of the United Nations system to assist developing countries in disaster
risk reduction should be strengthened by providing adequate resources through various
funding mechanisms, including increased, timely, stable and predictable contributions to the
United Nations Trust Fund for Disaster Reduction and by enhancing the role of the Trust
Fund in relation to the implementation of the present Framework;
(h) The Inter-Parliamentary Union and other relevant regional bodies and mechanisms for
parliamentarians, as appropriate, to continue supporting and advocating disaster risk reduction
and the strengthening of national legal frameworks;
(i) The United Cities and Local Government organization and other relevant bodies of local
governments to continue supporting cooperation and mutual learning among local governments
for disaster risk reduction and the implementation of the present Framework.

69
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Follow-up actions

49. The Conference invites the General Assembly, at its seventieth session, to consider the possibility
of including the review of the global progress in the implementation of the Sendal Framework for
Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030 as part of its integrated and coordinated follow-up processes to
United Nations conferences and summits, aligned with the Economic and Social Council, the High-level
Political Forum for Sustainable Development and the quadrennial comprehensive policy review cycles,
as appropriate, taking into account the contributions of the Global Platfonn for Disaster Risk Reduction
and regional platforms for disaster risk reduction and the Hyogo Framework for Action Monitor system.

50. The Conference recommends to the General Assembly the establishment, at its sixty-ninth session,
of an open-ended intergovernmental working group, comprising experts nominated by Member
States, and supported by the United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction, with involvement of
relevant stakeholders, for the development of a set of possible indicators to measure global progress in
the implementation of the present Framework in conjunction with the work of the Inter-Agency and
Expert Group On Sustainable Development Goal Indicators. The Conference also recommends that
the working group consider the recommendations of the United Nations Office for Disaster Risk
Reduction Scientific and Technical Advisory Group on the update of the publication entitled "2009
UNISDR Terminology on Disaster Risk Reduction" by December 2016, and that the outcome of its
work be submitted to the Assembly for its consideration and adoption.

71