Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Ristic J D ETAN 1992 8
Ristic J D ETAN 1992 8
šk.god. 2016/17
Jerkić Sara
Magnetic materials, such as iron and steel, when placed within the area of an alternating
magnetic field, are heated by both hysteresis and eddy current losses.
Hysteresis loss is caused by friction among the molecules of the material as they move within
the metal in the magnetic field.
Eddy current losses are losses caused by resistance resulting from small circulating currents
within a material placed in an alternating magnetic field. These resistance losses cause heat
which is absorbed by the metal being heated. The amount of heat created by eddy currents is
proportional to the square of the alternating frequency of the current, and the square of
amperage flowing in the conductor, which produces the magnetic field.
The furnace is primarily a remelting furnace, very little refining or purifying of the metallic
charge being accomplished. Close control of composition is accomplished by selection of raw
materials, the speed of melting being such that control by chemical methods is impractical. In
addition, it is possible to accurately control the temperature of the metal being heated by
accurately controlling the frequency and amperage of the alternating current passing though
the induction coil.
Violent stirring of the molten charge, as indicated by the arrows in fig 10-2, is produced by
interaction of the eddy currents with the high-frequency field. Since lower frequencies are
most efficient for stirring, many modern furnaces have two frequencies applied to the coil, a
high frequency for rapid melting, and a low frequency for rapid stirring. The stirring action
keeps the slag on the surface agitated, providing openings in the slag layer through which
entrapped gases may escape. These electric furnaces are being used to produce high quality
steels, such as ball bearing, stainless, magnet and tool steels.
1
Engleski jezik 4
šk.god. 2016/17
Jerkić Sara