XvKv kn‡ii M¨vm weZiY †bUIqvK© ¯’vcb, eZ©gvb

Ae¯’v, mgm¨vejx, wj‡KRhy³ Ges ‡gqv`ËxY© †bUIqvK©

cwieZ©b / cÖwZ¯’vcb cÖm‡½|

f~wgKv t
1964 mv‡ji 20 b‡f¤^i wZZvm M¨vm UªvÝwgkb GÛ wWwóªweDkb
†Kv¤úvbx cÖwZwôZ nIqvi ci n‡Z A`¨vewa 1971 mv‡j ¯^vaxbZv
AR©‡bi ci ivóªxq ms¯’v †c‡Uªvevsjvi AvIZvq GKwU cvewjK
wjwg‡UW †Kv¤úvbx‡Z iæcvšÍwiZ nq| wZZvm M¨vm eZ©gv‡b
biwms`x, gywÝMÄ, bvivqYMÄ, XvKv, gvwbKMÄ, MvRxcyi,
Uv½vBj, gqgbwmsn, †b·Kvbv, †kicyi, Rvgvjcyi Ges wK‡kviMÄ
†Rjvq M¨vm mieiv‡ni Kv‡R wb‡qvwRZ| eZ©gv‡b †Kv¤úvbx
12,253.22 wK.wg. cvBcjvB‡bi gva¨‡g MÖvnK †mev cÖ`vb Ki‡Q|
wZZvm M¨vm †Kv¯úvbx KZ…©K wewfbœ mg‡q wewfbœ cÖK‡íi
AvIZvq we‡`kx mvnvh¨, wbR¯^ e¨‡q Ges MÖvnK e¨‡q M¨vm
cvBcjvBbmg~n wbg©vY Kiv n‡q‡Q|
cÖ_g ch©vq t
1967 mv‡j †Wgiv wmwU †MBU ‡ókb wbg©v‡Yi ci XvKv Awfg~‡L
wewfbœ e¨v‡mi weZiY I †gBb jvBb wbg©v‡Yi gva¨‡g XvKv kn‡i
M¨vm mieiv‡ni Kvh©µg ïiæ Kiv nq| 1967-68 mv‡j †Wgiv-†ZRMuvI
12" e¨v‡mi 300 wcGmAvBwR Pv‡ci M¨vm cvBcjvBb Ges †Wgiv-
†cv¯Í‡Mvjv 14" e¨v‡mi I 10" e¨v‡mi 150 wcGmAvBwR Pv‡ci
cvBcjvBb wbg©v‡bi gva¨‡g Ges Zv n‡Z Pvc wbqš¿YKvix †÷kb
wbg©vY K‡i Pvc cÖkg‡bi gva¨‡g 2" n‡Z 6" e¨v‡mi weZiY
†bUIqvK© ¯’vcb K‡i cÖ_g ch©v‡q K_v mvwnwZ¨K kIKZ Imgv‡bi
evwo‡Z M¨vm ms‡hvM w`‡q XvKv kn‡ii wewfbœ AvevwmK,
evwYwR¨K I wkí †kÖYxi MÖvnKMY‡K M¨vm ms‡hvM cÖ`vb
Kvh©µg ïiæ Kiv nq|
wØZxq ch©vq t
mˇii `k‡Ki gvSvgvwS n‡Z beŸB‡qi `k‡Ki cÖ_gfvM ch©šÍ XvKv
kn‡ii wewfbœ As‡k †hgb cyivZb XvKv, hvÎvevox, m`iNvU, jvjevM,
AvwRgcyi, avbgwÛ, KjvevMvb, nvwZicyj, ïµvev`, †gvnv¤§`cyi,
gnvLvjx, wRMvZjv, nvRvixevM, k¨vgjx, AvMviMuvI I wgicyi
GjvKvq 50 wcGmAvBwR Pv‡ci wewfbœ e¨v‡mi weZiY jvBb
wbg©vY Kiv nq|
Z…Zxq ch©vq t
beŸB‡qi `k‡Ki gvSvgvwS n‡Z 2010 mvj ch©šÍ XvKv kn‡ii
m¤úªmvi‡Yi d‡j XvKv †g‡UªvcwjUb kn‡ii Pvwiw`‡K wewfbœ As‡k
†hgb †KivYxMÄ, ewmjv, Avïwjqv, DËiv, DËiLvb, `wÿYLvb,
emyÜiv AvevwmK GjvKv 50 wcGmAvBwR Pv‡ci wewfbœ e¨v‡mi
weZiY jvBb wbg©vY Kiv nq| cieZ©x‡Z, XvKv kni GjvKv µgvš^‡q
ewa©Z nIqvi mv‡_ mv‡_ M¨vm weZiY †bUIqvK©I m¤úªmviY Kiv
nq| M¨vm weZiY jvBb wbg©vY Kv‡j ZrKvjxb I fwel¨Z Pvwn`v
we‡ePbv K‡i cÖvq wÎk erm‡ii Kvh©Kvj we‡ePbv K‡i jvBbmg~n
wbg©vY Kiv nq|

eZ©gvb Ae¯’v t
cÖ_g ch©v‡q ¯’vwcZ jvBbmg~n 2000 mv‡ji Ges wØZxq ch©v‡q
¯’vwcZ jvBbmg~n 2010 mv‡ji c~‡e©B cwieZ©‡bi cÖ‡qvRb wQj|
wKš‘ Dfq‡ÿ‡ÎB wewfbœ Awf‡hv‡Mi †cÖwÿ‡Z ÿz`ª †givg‡Zi gva¨‡g
M¨vm mieivn mPj ivLv n‡q‡Q| D‡jøL¨, XvKv kni weZiY †bUIqv‡K©
8" e¨vm †_‡K 1" e¨v‡mi cÖvq 7,000 wK‡jvwgUvi cvBcjvBb ¯’vwcZ
Av‡Q|
‡Kv¤úvwbi weZiY jvBbmg~n wbg©v‡Yi ci wewfbœ GjvKvq
M¨vmjvBbmg~‡ni mgvšÍiv‡j wKsev AvovAvwo fv‡e wewfbœ †mev
cÖ`vbKvix BDwUwjwU ms¯’vi (†hgb t Iqvmv, †Wmv, wWwmwm)
Dbœqbg~jK Kv‡R BDwUwjwU jvBb ¯’vcb Kv‡j Ges kn‡ii wewfbœ
¯’v‡b iv¯Ív †givgZ, †Wªb wbg©vY I wewfbœ Dbœqb Kv‡R M¨vm
cvBc jvB‡bi ‡KvwUsI i¨vwcs ÿwZMÖ¯’ n‡q‡Q|
GQvov, M¨vm cvBcjvB‡bi K¨v_wWK cÖ‡UKkb (wmwc) e¨e¯’v,
Dbœqb Kg©KvÛ I †mev cÖ`vbKvix Ab¨vb¨ ms¯’vi Kvh©µg Øviv
webó n‡q wj‡K‡Ri m„wó n‡”Q| G‡nb wj‡KR Awf‡hvM cÖvwßi ci
cÖ‡qvRbxq e¨e¯’v MÖvn‡bi j‡ÿ¨ ÿwZMÖ¯’ cvBjvBb †givgZ Kiv
n‡”Q Ges Zv wbqwgZ Pjgvb i‡q‡Q| GZبZxZ, A‡cÿvK…Z Kg
e¨v‡mi (3/4" e¨vm †_‡K 2" e¨vm) jvBb cvBcmg~‡ni cyiæZ¡ Kg _vKvq
cÖvK…wZK Kvi‡YI Gmg¯Í e¨v‡mi cvBc jvBbmg~n Avcbv-Avcwb
ÿwZMÖ¯’ n‡q wj‡K‡Ri cwigvY D‡jøL‡hvM¨ nv‡i e„w× †c‡q‡Q|
M¨vm wj‡K‡Ri Kvi‡Y AwMœ-`~N©¨Ubv I Ab¨vb¨ Kvi‡Y
RbwbivcËv wewNœZ nIqvi mv‡_ mv‡_ cvBc jvB‡b cvwb cÖ‡ek K‡i
MÖvnK cÖv‡šÍ M¨vm cÖvw߇Z gvivZœK msKU m„wó n‡q‡Q|
e¨e¯’vcbv t
M¨vm wj‡K‡Ri Gme Awf‡hvM wbimbK‡í NUbv¯’j m‡iRwg‡b
cwi`k©Yc~e©K wewfbœ GjvKvq cvBcjvBb cÖwZ¯’vcb, †givgZ I
cwieZ©‡bi KvR Pjgvb i‡q‡Q| wZZv‡mi we`¨gvb Rbej/AeKvVv‡gvi
gva¨‡g XvKv kn‡ii wj‡KR †givgZ Ges Riæix iÿbv‡eÿY Kv‡R 20 wU
Riæix åvg¨gvb Uxg me©`v wb‡qvwRZ i‡q‡Q| GZ`wel‡q, Riæix Kj
†m›Uvi I nUjvBb 16469 Pvjy Kiv n‡q‡Q| GQvovI, B‡j±ªwbK
wgwWqv I msev`c‡Î mZK©Zvg~jK cÖPvi cÖPviYv Pjgvb i‡q‡Q|
m¤úªwZ, RvZxq MÖx‡W GjGbwR n‡Z cÖvß M¨vm Gi mieivn
ch©vqµ‡g e„w× cvIqvi ‡cÖwÿ‡Z XvKv kn‡ii MÖvnK cÖv‡šÍ
M¨v‡mi mieivn I Pvc cwiw¯’wZi DbœwZKiY, eZ©gvb I fwel¨Z
Pvwn`v Abyhvqx cÖ‡qvRbxq I D”PZi e¨v‡mi cvBcjvBb Øviv
we`¨gvb †bUIqv‡K©i cyivZb, wj‡KRhy³ I ¯^í e¨v‡mi cvBcjvBb
cwieZ©b/cÖwZ¯’vcb welq †Kv¤úvwbi cwiPvjKgÛjxi 756 Zg †evW©
mfvq wm×všÍ M„nxZ nq|
‡gqv`ËxY© GjvKv t
wZZv‡mi Rixc Abyhvqx avbgwÛ AvevwmK GjvKv, KvVvjevMvb,
nvwZicyj, KjvevMvb, ïµvev`, †mvevnvbevM, dvg©‡MU,
ivRvievRvi, KvUveb, MvDwmqv, Gwj‡d›U †ivW, ZvZx evRvi,
†KvZqvjx, m`iNvU, jÿxevRvi, wmwÏK evRvi, Avjy evRi, gvwj‡Uvjv,
Kvßvi eRvi, bevecyi, Iqvix, wRbwRiv, †KivYxMÄ, KvVzwiqv,
KvwjMÄ, ‡gvnv¤§w`qv nvBwRs, Puv`wgqv nvDwRs, wgicyi-12,
wgicyi-6, gbmyivev` nvBwRs, evqZzj Avgvb nvDwRs, wcwm KvjPvi
nvDwRs, b‡ev`q nvDwRs, wkqv gmwR`, gnvLvjx, DËiv, ewmjv,
Rvdivev`, msKi, iv‡qievRvi, wRMvZjv, nvRvixevM, b~‡iiPvjv,
fvUviv, mvZviKzj, evÇv, jvjgvwUqv, ‡gvnv¤§`cyi, k¨vgjx, wgicyi-11,
evDwbqveva, gwbcyix cvov, bvLvj cvov, Iqvix, `qvMÄ, bvwi›`v,
dwi`vev`, Djb, ivgcyiv, gMevRvi. bqvUjv, nvRvix evM, g‡bk¦i,
beveMÄ, AvwRgcyi, Xv‡Kk¦ix, jvjevM, wgicyi-10, †gvnv¤§w`qv
†mvmvBwU, wgicyi-13, eoevM, kvn AvjxevM, AvMviMuvI, ivgcyiv,
‡PŠayix cvov, wLjMuvI, evmv‡ev, cwðg †avjvBcvo, hvÎvevox,
`wbqv, RyivBb, †givR bMi, gw`bvevM, eskvj, bqvevRvi, PK evRvi,
evey evRvi, evmv‡ev, gyM`vcvov, DËi kvnRvnvbcyi, kvwšÍevM,
knx` evM, ZvjZjv, cvBK cvov, wgicyi-7, c~iex, `yqvixcvov I cjøex
BZ¨vw` GjvKvq we`¨gvb M¨vm †bUIqv‡K©i cyivZb, wj‡KRhy³ I ¯^í
e¨v‡mi cvBcjvBbmg~n †gqv`DËxY© nIqvq Zv cwieZ©b I
cÖwZ¯’vcb Kivi wel‡q wm×všÍ M„nxZ n‡q‡Q|
cvBcjvBb cwieZ©‡bi eZ©gvb cwiKíbvt
XvKv kn‡i M¨v‡mi mieivn I Pvc cwiw¯’wZi DbœwZKiY, we`¨gvb I
fwel¨Z Pvwn`v Abyhvqx cÖ‡qvRbxq I D”PZi e¨v‡mi cvBcjvBb Øviv
we`¨gvb †bUIqv‡K©i cyivZb, wj‡KRhy³ I ¯^í e¨v‡mi cvBcjvBb
cwieZ©b/cÖwZ¯’vcb Kivi wbwgË mgMÖ XvKv kni‡K 143 wU
GjvKvq wef³ Kiv n‡q‡Q| 143 wU GjvKvi g‡a¨ ¯^íPvc mgm¨v,
ÿwZMÖ¯’ cvBc jvBb I ¯^í e¨v‡mi cvBc jvB‡bi AvwaK¨ we‡ePbvq
cÖ_g ch©v‡q 60wU GjvKvq †bUIqvK© DbœxZKi‡Yi welqwU
we‡ePbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| ewY©Z KvR m¤úv`‡b AvbygvwbK 2,000
wK‡jvwgUvi cvBcjvBb ¯’vc‡bi cÖ‡qvRb n‡e Ges G‡Z AvbygvwbK
1,216 (GK nvRvi `yBkZ ‡lvj `kwgK `yB Qq) †KvwU UvKvi cÖ‡qvRb
n‡Z cv‡i|
mvwe©K welqwU †Kv¤úvwbi 756 Zg †evW© mfvq DcwiwjwLZ
GjvKvi we`¨gvb weZiY jvBbmg~n cÖwZ¯’vc‡b wb¤œwjwLZ
wm×všÍ M„nxZ nq t
K. XvKv kn‡i M¨v‡mi mieivn I Pvc cwiw¯’wZi DbœwZi Rb¨ bZzb
AeKvVv‡gv wbg©vY, Pvwn`v Abyhvqx cÖ‡qvRbxq I D”PZi
e¨v‡mi cvBcjvBb Øviv cÖ_g ch©v‡q XvKv kn‡ii 60 wU
GjvKvq we`¨gvb †bUIqv‡K©i DbœwZKiYmn cyivZb,
wj‡KRhy³ I ¯^í e¨v‡mi cvBcjvBb cwieZ©b / cÖwZ¯’vcb I
‡bUIqv‡K©i wWwRUvj (GIS) b·v cÖ¯‘‡Zi wbwgË cÖv_wgK
cÖv°jb Abyhvqx AvbygvwbK e¨q 1,216.26 (GK nvRvi `yBkZ
‡lvj `kwgK `yB Qq) †KvwU UvKvi wecix‡Z GKwU KwgwU
MV‡bi gva¨‡g hyw³MÖvn¨ Dcv‡q MÖnb‡hvM¨ cÖv°jb cÖ¯‘Z
KiZt cÖ‡qvRbxq e¨‡qi A_© AšÍ©f~³ K‡i GKwU ÒDbœqb cÖKí
QK/cÖ¯Íve (wWwcwc)Ó cÖ¯‘Z Kivi wel‡q m`q cÖkvmwbK
Aby‡gv`b cÖ`vb|
L. cieZ©x‡Z wØZxq ch©v‡q ev`evKx 79 wU GjvKvq †bUIqvK©
DbœxZKi‡Yi KvR m¤úbœ Kivi wel‡q m`q bxwZMZ Aby‡gv`b
cÖ`vb|
GZ`wel‡q, GKwU ÒDbœqb cÖKí QK/cÖ¯Íve (wWwcwc)Ó
cÖYq‡bi KvR Pjgvb i‡q‡Q|
GQvovI, wewfbœ Awf‡hv‡Mi †cÖwÿ‡Z m‡iRwg‡b cwi`k©Yc~e©K
wewfbœ GjvKvq cvBcjvBb cÖwZ¯’vcb, †givgZ I cwieZ©‡bi KvR
Pjgvb i‡q‡Q| MÖvnK cÖv‡šÍ M¨v‡mi mieivn I Pvc cwiw¯’wZi
DbœwZKiY, Pvwn`v Abyhvqx cÖ‡qvRbxq I D”PZi e¨v‡mi cvBcjvBb
Øviv cÖwZ¯’vcb I cwieZ©‡bi KvRI Pjgvb i‡q‡Q|
Kv kn‡ii M¨vm weZiY †bUIqvK© ¯’vcb, eZ©gvb Ae¯’v,
mgm¨vejx, wj‡KRhy³ Ges ‡gqv`DËxb© †bUIqvK© cwieZ©b /
cÖwZ¯’vcb 1. XvKv kn‡i M¨vm mieivn K‡e ïiæ Kiv nq ?
1967 mv‡j †Wgiv wmwU †MBU ‡ókb wbg©v‡Yi ci XvKv Awfg~‡L
wewfbœ e¨v‡mi weZiY †gBb jvBb wbg©v‡Yi gva¨‡g XvKv kn‡i
M¨vm mieiv‡ni Kvh©µg ïiæ Kiv nq| 1967-68 mv‡j †Wgiv-†ZRMuvI
12" e¨v‡mi 300 wcGmAvBwR Pv‡ci M¨vm cvBcjvBb Ges †Wgiv-
†cv¯Í‡Mvjv 14" e¨v‡mi 150 wcGmAvBwR I 10" e¨v‡mi 150
wcGmAvBwR Pv‡ci cvBcjvBb wbg©v‡bi gva¨‡g XvKv kn‡ii
wewfbœ AvevwmK, evwYwR¨K I wkí †kÖYxi MÖvnKMY‡K M¨vm
mieivn ïiæ Kiv nq|

2. KqUv †dR G GB KvR Kiv nq ? mgqKvj I †gqv` KZ?

mˇii `k‡Ki †klfvM n‡Z beŸB‡qi `k‡Ki †klfvM ch©šÍ XvKv kn‡ii
wewfbœ As‡k †hgb cyivZb XvKv, hvÎvevox, m`iNvU, jvjevM,
AvwRgcyi, avbgwÛ, KjvevMvb, nvwZicyj, ïµvev`, †gvnv¤§`cyi,
gnvLvjx, wRMvZjv, nvRvixevM, k¨vgjx, AvMviMuvI I wgicyi
GjvKvq 50 wcGmAvBwR Pv‡ci weZiY jvBb wbg©vY Kiv nq|
cieZ©x‡Z µgvš^‡q XvKv kni GjvKv ewa©Z nIqvi mv‡_ mv‡_ M¨vm
weZiY †bUIqvK©I m¤úªmviY Kiv nq|
M¨vm weZiY jvBb wbg©vY Kv‡j ZrKvjxb I fwel¨Z Pvwn`v we‡ePbv
K‡i cÖvq wÎk erm‡ii Rb¨ jvBbmg~n wbg©vY Kiv nq|

3. ‡Kvb GjvKvq cvBcjvBb †Kvb mg‡q cwieZ©b Kivi K_v ?

‡Kv¤úvwbi weZiY jvBbmg~n wbg©v‡Yi ci wewfbœ GjvKvq
M¨vmjvBbmg~‡ni mgvšÍiv‡j wKsev AvovAvwo fv‡e wewfbœ †mev
cÖ`vbKvix BDwUwjwU ms¯’vi (†hgb t Iqvmv, †Wmv, wWwmwm )
Dbœqbg~jK Kv‡R BDwUwjwU jvBb ¯’vcb Kv‡j Ges kn‡ii wewfbœ
¯’v‡b iv¯Ív †givgZ, †Wªb wbg©vY I wewfbœ Dbœqb Kv‡R M¨vm
cvBc jvB‡bi ‡KvwUsI i¨vwcs ÿwZMÖ¯’ Kiv n‡q‡Q|
GQvov, M¨vmjvB‡bi K¨v_wWK cÖ‡UKkb (wmwc) e¨e¯’v Z…Zxq
cÿ Øviv webó n‡q wj‡K‡Ri m„wó n‡”Q| G‡nb wj‡KR Awf‡hvM
cÖvwßi ci cÖ‡hvRbxq e¨e¯’v MÖvn‡bi j‡ÿ¨ ÿwZMÖ¯’ cvBjvBb
cwieZ©b Kiv n‡”Q Ges wbqwgZ Pjgvb i‡q‡Q| GZبZxZ,
A‡cÿvK…Z Kg e¨v‡mi (3/4" e¨vm †_‡K 2" e¨vm) jvBb cvBcmg~‡ni
cyiæZ¡ Kg _vKvq cÖvK…wZK Kvi‡YI Gmg¯Í e¨v‡mi cvBc
jvBbmg~n Avcbv-Avcwb ÿwZMÖ¯’ n‡q wj‡K‡Ri cwigvb
AvksKvRbK nv‡i e„w× †c‡q‡Q| G‡nb Awf‡hvM wbimbK‡í NUbv¯’j
m‡iRwg‡b cwi`k©Yc~e©K wewfbœ GjvKvq cvBcjvBb cÖwZ¯’vcb,
†givgZ I cwieZ©‡bi KvR Pjgvb i‡q‡Q|

4. eZ©gvb Ae¯’v wK ?
RvZxq MÖx‡W GjGbwR n‡Z cÖvß M¨vm Gi mieivn ch©vqµ‡g e„w×
cvIqvi ‡cÖwÿ‡Z XvKv kn‡ii MÖvnK cÖv‡šÍ M¨v‡mi mieivn I Pvc
cwiw¯’wZi DbœwZKiY, eZ©gvb I fwel¨Z Pvwn`v Abyhvqx
cÖ‡qvRbxq I D”PZi e¨v‡mi cvBcjvBb Øviv we`¨gvb †bUIqv‡K©i
cyivZb, wj‡KRhy³ I ¯^í e¨v‡mi cvBcjvBb cwieZ©b/cÖwZ¯’vcb
wel‡q wm×všÍ M„nxZ n‡q‡Q Ges G KvR Pjgvb i‡q‡Q|

5. ‡gqv` DËxY© GjvKvi bvg t

wZZv‡mi Rixc Abyhvqx XvKv kn‡ii wRbwRiv, †KivYxMÄ, cyivZb
XvKv, wgicyi, AvwRgcyi, avbgwÛ, KjvevMvb, nvwZicyj, ïµvev`,
†gvnv¤§`cyi, KvUveb, Gwj‡d›U †ivW, ZvZx evRvi, †KvZqvjx,
m`iNvU, jÿxevRvi, wmwÏK evRvi, Avjy evRvi, gvwj‡Uvjv, Kvßvb
eRvi, bevecyi, Iqvix, gnvLvjx, wRMvZjv, Iqvix, `qvMÄ, bvwi›`v,
jvjevM, knx` bMi, nvRvixevM, k¨vgjx, AvMviMuvI, †avjvBcvo I
hvÎvevox BZ¨vw` GjvKvq we`¨gvb M¨vm †bUIqv‡K©i cyivZb,
wj‡KRhy³ I ¯^í e¨v‡mi cvBcjvBbmg~n †gqv`DËxY© nIqvq Zv
cwieZ©b I cÖwZ¯’vcb Kivi wel‡q wm×všÍ M„nxZ n‡q‡Q|

6. cvBcjvB‡bi mgm¨v mg~n t

‡Kv¤úvwbi weZiY jvBbmg~n wbg©v‡Yi ci wewfbœ GjvKvq
M¨vmjvBbmg~‡ni mgvšÍiv‡j I AvovAvwo fv‡e wewfbœ †mev
cÖ`vbKvix BDwUwjwU ms¯’vi (†hgbt Iqvmv, †Wmv, wWwmwm
BZ¨vw`) Dbœqbg~jK Kv‡R BDwUwjwU jvBb ¯’vcb I ms¯‹viKv‡j
Ges XvKv kn‡ii wewfbœ ¯’v‡b iv¯Ív †givgZ, †Wªb wbg©vY I
wewfbœ Dbœqb Kv‡R M¨vm cvBc jvB‡bi †KvwUs I i¨vwcs
ÿwZMÖ¯’ n‡q‡Q|
G‡Z, M¨vm cvB‡ci K¨v_wWK cÖ‡UKkb (wmwc) webó n‡q
cvBcmg~‡n AwZ `ªyZ wj‡K‡Ri m„wó n‡”Q| D‡jøL¨ †h, A‡cÿvK…Z
Kg e¨v‡mi (3/4" e¨vm †_‡K 2" e¨vm) jvBb cvBcmg~‡ni cyiæZ¡ Kg
_vKvq D³ jvBbmg~‡n wj‡K‡Ri cwigvb AvksKvRbK nv‡i e„w×
†c‡q‡Q| M¨vm wj‡K‡Ri Kvi‡Y AwMœ-`~N©¨Ubv I Ab¨vb¨ Kvi‡Y
RbwbivcËv wewNœZ nIqvi mv‡_ mv‡_ cvBc jvB‡b cvwb cÖ‡ek K‡i
MÖvnK cÖv‡šÍ M¨vm cÖvw߇Z gvivZœK msKU m„wó n‡q‡Q|

7. cvBcjv‡bi cwieZ©‡bi cwiKíbv ?

wZZv‡mi ch©‡eÿY I wewfbœ Awf‡hv‡Mi †cÖwÿ‡Z MÖvnK cÖv‡šÍ
M¨v‡mi mieivn I Pvc cwiw¯’wZi DbœwZKi‡Yi j‡ÿ¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq I
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