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Knowledge, Power, and Practice The Anthropology of Medicine and Everyday Life EDITED BY Shirley Lindenbaum ano Margaret Lock UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESS Berkeley / Los Angeles / London 4 “Learning Medicine” The Constructing of Medical Knowledge at Harvard Medical School Byron J. Good and Mary-Jo DelVecchio Good Introduction These chapters represents a set of early reflections on a study of medical education and the structure of medical knowledge which we are undertaking in the context of a major curricular reform at Harvard Medical School. Although the larger project examines historical, struc- tural, and phenomenological aspects of medicine and medical education at Harvard, the focus of this paper is rather narrow. Our goal is to raise theoretical and methodological questions about the study of medical knowledge through an examination of the learning of medicine during the early months of the preclinical or basic science years in the medical school. We will argue that anthropological analysis of medical knowl- edge and of the learning of medicine requires an examination of the structure and phenomenological emergence of the very specialized medi- cal “worlds” to which that knowledge has reference. Prior to the mid-1970s, anthropological analyses of Western medicine and physicians picture biomedicine in terms of idealized contrasts to traditional healing systems and traditional healers. A particularly clear example of this is found in Horacio Fabrega and Daniel B. Silver's classic account of the Zinacanteco healing system (1973:218-223). West- ern biomedicine and Zinacanteco healing are presented as a series of contrasts. Diametrically opposing views of the body, the nature of dis- case, the role of the healer, the nature of the healer/sufferer relation- ship, and the sources of efficacy all demonstrate the extent to which biomedicine represents the reductionism, individualism, and mechanis- 81 SULIO} SATOUNSIP MOY pure ‘ssoo01d oY} UI poynysUOdeI ore—sueIOISAYyd pue syuapnys ayj—ozed yey Jo sjafqns oyi Moy ‘dn ying are ‘ozed [rapa ay) Jo s}afqo ayy SuIpnpout ‘prom jespaur ay) Moy uO ‘aZpo -[MOUY [BOIPsUI JO sUOIsUDUNIP JeoIZo;oUSWOUSYd 94} UO SuNeIUZDUOD are om ‘peojsuy ‘ueloiskyd amnyeul ay} Jo safor oY} WED] S}UApNys [eoIpou MOY MOge SUIBIUOD [eUOTIPeI) 94) JO AUeUT ssaIppe 0} PoUdIsop you SI YOIRASAI INO “(YgG] SOLOQUIOJOD ‘OL61 PLOJWINA {E96T Jor] pur xo4 {T96I “Te 10 12y99g {66 UOLEWy ‘39) UONLONpe oIpou UO oNyeI031, dy} JO JURZIUsOO YSNOYITY “sULsIpou! SuruIes] 9soy) JO BaNdedsiod oy) WO poINAsuod st sUINIPeU Jo pjiom ay) pue aspayMouy [eoIpeu MOY UO pasndoj st Ja}deyo siy) UI poquosop YOM oy) ‘Ajpeoytoods 10; “you AyeorydesZouypo pur ‘pozrenyxojuos ‘payenyts are Aoys ssoyun a8payMouy [eoIpou Jo oinyeu oy} Jo solpnys Jo payoadxa 9q ued aT] ‘ASojodoryjue JeoIpow Jo jUoWdoOpOAIp oy} UT OdEIS SIN) TY “pozkyeur Sutoq st yorym yey) UeY) ArOoY} [eIDOs JOY JO sTY pue IsATeUR oY) jMoge o1ou SuNLoIpUT ‘suONLZOJeIeYD qys sonposd 0} pudy soskyeur yong ‘aSpaymouy [eoIpoul Jo suLIOJ JoYyIO YUM suOstIedUIOD IO} sIseq B se Jo ouloIpowt Arerodurayuoo Suipueysiapun 10j Joyp1o AJZ00d sn das0s

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