Literature of France
Madame Bovary and Comparative Reception
in France and Indonesia
Muhammad Tifal Nawwafin
1. preliminary
Madame Bovary is a novelworks
of Gustave Flaubert, a writer bloody
French, first published in 1856 or in
the 19th century. This novel is
considered a reformer of French
literature from the romantic era
monotony royalty obeying language
into postivisme period realism that
connects truth and nature so that the
literary works not only with fantasy
and imagination but something real.
There are 3 large flow of French
literature in the 19th century is
Romanticism, Positivism realism and
idealism simbiolisme. Author-
penagarang famous at that time
such as Gustave Flaubert,
Baudelaire, Emile Zola, and
Alexandre Dumas.
The transition from romanticism
towards realism positivism occurred
in the 1850s in which something that
is real is the subject of interest to be
used as a literary work. One of the
authors who are interested in it is
Gustave Flaubert. He took the reality
of what happened in the French
society at the time of making his
work as a guide Madame Bovary.
Therefore, literature Madame Bovary
regarded as mimesis or depictions of
life at that time.
This work brings social change at
the time of publication. At that time,
Gustave Flaubert's Madame Bovary
as the author of the law caught for
violating the norms prevailing in
society at that time. Gustave
Flaubert to describe the degradation
of values in society by recording the
fact that occur in society and
implement the footage to the literary
works of Madame Bovary.
Different cultures, ways of
thinking, and a publication of literary
works for the discrepancies between
the public reception Indonesia and
France. The reception difference is a
matter that needs to be investigated.
The goal was to determine
differences in the function of this
literary work in French society and
the people of Indonesia through the
work of Madame Bovary translation.
2. Reception Theory of Literature
Literary reception is a notion that
makes the reader as the respondent
as one of the factors to criticize a
literary work.
At the reception of literature, the
reader has an important role in the
study, because the readers are
people who read, enjoy, assess, and
take advantage of a literary work. A
text has open spots that occur due to
the asymmetric nature of literature
and the reading process is to fill the
open spots. If the reader can fill in
the open spaces of the then
communication between literary text
and the reader can be achieved and
it is central to the theory of literary
reception.
In this paper the authors utilize
the terms ktitik penilitian literature for
Madame Bovary is a literary work of
the past so it does not allow the use
of experimental research method
that requires artifacts or originals that
can support the research.
The study is based on literary
criticism is not only viewed from the
perspective of the individual but from
the perspective of the prevailing view
of society at a particular time.
Through this research, it can be
seen opposition from the prevailing
view in society with the idea or
innovation expressed by the authors
through literary works.
3. Comparison reception in
France and Indonesia
There are differences in the
public reaction to the publication of
Madame Bovary in French literature
and Indonesia through the work of
translation. This can occur due to
different ways of thinking,
perspectives, cultures, and a
publication of literary works.
Differences in people's reaction is
evidence that there are differences
between the French public reception
and Indonesia. How a novel can
bring revolution in French literature
while in Indonesia is not too big
influence on literary style that is used
at this time.
 Differences reception in France people with writing. Therefore,
and Indonesia is an interesting thing Madame Bovary is something new in
to discuss because to know why the future society that is considered
these differences occur it can be as a revolutionary literary work.
seen also why literary Madame In the early days of the
Bovary can bring a revolution and a publication of the novel Madame
change in the time of publication. In Bovary in 1856, this work reap a big
addition, it is known also the controversy because of Gustave
perspective and culture of French Flaubert with his work is considered
society at that time to happen furor in violation of the norms prevailing in
at a time when literature was society.
published. Controversial novel Madame
Bovary dragged its author, Gustave
3.1. Reception Madame Bovary in Flaubert, to be prosecuted in court in
French 1857. Gustave Flaubert considered
Novel Madame Bovary is damaging norms prevailing in society
considered as one of the at that time. He described vividly the
revolutionary work at the time of events sensual regarded as a
publication. The novel is regarded as disgrace, even as it as something
mimesis or imitation of life in his time natural but with smart Gustave
because realistically depicts how life Flaubert can twist all the charges
at that time. Gustave Flaubert made against him. He can convince the
observations on the events and public and the court that his work
circumstances of people's everyday can make someone afraid to sin. The
lives. This is something new in those fear of the burden of sin and a
days in the previous era is the era of lifetime of regret will make one's life
romanticism. Works of literature in on the right path. Thanks to his
the era of romanticism tends to intelligence in breaking the
contain about fantasy and demands, Gustave Flaubert freed
imagination and very rare writer who from the law and found not guilty.
combines the reality that occurs in
 Charges of Gustave Flaubert is menjunjung tinggi realisme. Tidak
inseparable from the role of the mengherankan jika Gustave Flaubert
bourgeoisie in power at the time. A diakui Bapak Kesusastraan Modern
people hypocritical moral but a dan banyak sastrawan besar seperti
corrupt preacher, a clan that Kafka, James Joyce, Vargas Llosa,
dominates the capitalist regime and dan masih banyak lagi menyatakan
have the ability to produce in other diri sebagai pewaris-pewaris
words people are to enjoy the luxury, Gustave Flaubert.
wealth and privileged. Gustave
Flaubert in his attack of the 3.2. Resepsi Madame Bovary di
bourgeoisie as the main character, Indonesia Melalui Karya
Emma Bovary, having an affair with Terjemahan
her friends who is also the Karya terjemahan Madame
bourgeoisie. The bourgeoisie is also Bovary yang berjudul Nyonya Bovary
demanding for a literary work that is terbit pertama kali di Indonesia pada
considered to attack their families, tahun 2016, tahun terbit yang sudah
but because the case is also novel terlampau lama sekali dari pertama
Madame Bovary into a hard sell kali novel ini diterbitkan pada tahun
because besides selling the storyline 1856. Perbedaan waktu ini
that's new at the time, is also selling berpengaruh kepada perbedaan
novel sensation of cases of Gustave resepsi masyarakat Indonesia dan
Flaubert. Perancis pada masa awal
Novel Madame Bovary mendapat penerbitannya di abad ke-19.
respon atau tanggapan yang luas di Masyarakat Indonesia di tahun 2016
Perancis pada masa penerbitannya. sudah banyak disuguhkan cerita-
Selain mendapat respon dari kaum cerita semacam perselingkuhan
yang berkuasa saat itu karena seorang istri dan seorang wanita
dianggap dengan berani mengkritik yang menikah dengan orang yang
atau menyerang gaya hidup mereka, tidak dicintainya sehingga respon
novel ini juga mendapat pengakuan masyarakat Indonesia tidak seheboh
dari para sastrawan besar yang respon masyarakat Perancis pada
abad ke-19 dimana hal-hal tersebut Indonesia lebih mengenal khazanah
masih tabu untuk dibicarakan karena kesusastraan dunia.
dianggap sebagai sebuah aib yang
harus ditutupi. 4. Kesimpulan
Minat baca masyarakat Indonesia Dapat disimpulkan karya sastra
yang masih rendah juga Madame Bovary mendapat
mempengaruhi reaksi dari karya tanggapan besar di Perancis pada
sastra terjemahan Nyonya Bovary. masa awal penerbitannya namun
Pada umumnya yang membaca tanggapan tersebut cenderung
karya sastra ini hanyalah sastrawan- bersifat negatif sehingga menyeret
sastrawan Indonesia yang penulisnya Gustave Flaubert untuk
melakukan penelitian terhadap berurusan dengan hukum. Karya
sebuah mahakarya Bapak sastra ini dianggap melanggar
Kesusastraan Modern, Gustave norma-norma masyarakat dan
Flaubert, sedangkan hanya segelintir cendrung menyerang kaum borjuis
masyarakat Indonesia yang yang memiliki kekuasaan.
membaca bahkan yang tahu tentang Karya Madame Bovary disambut
karya revolusi sastra Perancis ini. dengan positif oleh para sastrawan
Walaupun tidak terjadi perubahan Indonesia. Karya ini dianggap
besar pada aliran sastra Indonesia sebagai sebuah karya besar dan
akibat karya terjemahan Nyonya sudah menjadi milik kesusastraan
Bovary, penerjemahan karya sastra dunia namun karena minat baca
Madame Bovary tetap merupakan masyarakat masih relatif rendah
hal yang tepat untuk dilakukan. Hal maka penikmat karya sastra ini
tersebut tepat untuk dilakukan kebanyakan adalah para sastrawan
karena karya sastra Madame Bovary atau pelajar sastra dan hanya sedikit
telah membawa perubahan besar masyarakat biasa yang membaca
pada masanya dan karya sastra ini novel ini. Namun demikian
juga sudah menjadi milik sastra penerjemahan karya sastra ini
dunia sehingga penerjemahannya merupakan suata langkah yang tepat
tepat dilakukan agar masyarakat untuk dilakukan.
 Terdapat perbedaan pula pada 3/2001. Yogyakarta: Gajah
fungsi karya sastra ini bagi Mada University Press
masyarakat Perancis dan Indonesia.
Di Perancis karya sastra ini
digunakan untuk mengkritik dan Mojokertoensis. Madame Bovary -
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telah banyak menyimpang dari 30, 2010.
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membandingkan suatu karya sastra,
bahan penelitian sampai hiburan. Teeuw, A. 1984. Literature and
Masih banyak cara untuk Literary Studies. Central
meresepsi karya sastra Madame Jakarta: World Pustaka Jaya
Bovary dalam berbagain perspektif.
Dengan banyaknya resepsi dari
berbagai perspektif, diharapkan hal Sastranesia. Gustave Flaubert,
tersebut dapat memperluas Father of Modern Literature.
wawasan bagi pembaca dan December 24, 2014.
peminat karya sastra Indonesia. http://sastranesia.com/gustave
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modern/

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