Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Example Bolt Gerber AL 2014b
Example Bolt Gerber AL 2014b
Example Bolt Gerber AL 2014b
doc
1 Problem Statement:
2 Executive summary:
It was established that two M12 8.8 grade bolts would be safe. It is nevertheless proposed
that three M12 bolts be used. Should one fail or be improperly installed the remaining
two would safely carry the load.
Yet a lighter, equally safe bolted connection could be made using three M10, grade 8.8 bolts
It is proposed that M12 bolts be initially investigated expecting that 2 or more bolts should be used
From the lecture notes and from Shigley the Su, Sy, Se and Sp for grade 8.8 bolts are tabled
below and theses values are plotted in the fatigue diagram for these bolts.
You may use material properties of bolts that meet the ASTM standard A574M, if it can be guaranteed.
4 Develop the fatigue diagrams representing these bolts subjected to the stated alternating load
Calculate sufficient points to drawn the Proof, Goodman lines and Gerber parabola
The Proof line is straight and joins value Sp on the mean stress axis to Sp on fatigue axis
The proof strength is taken to be 85% of the yield strength
Goodman line
sa sm Eq 26
0 830 (1-H15/Se)*Su Lecture notes
111.67 0
A margin of 10% is allowed on the 38 kN alternating load. This appears as Factor of Safety
Eq 25
The 'safe' Gerber parabola is proportional to the Safe Gerber line Lecture notes
original line but its intercepts at both axis are sa sm
reduced by the factor FS. A Factor of Safety > 1 0 755 (SQRT(1-FS*sa/Se)) FS=1.1
is to be nominated. The selected value is to be 30 633
entered at the relevant cell below, currently set at 1.1 80 347 "
Se/FS = 101.5 0
9 Plots of above Gerber and safe Gerber parabola, Goodman and proof lines:
Fatigue diagram
Proof line
Gerber parabola
Se
100
one bolt
alternating stress
Goodman line
safe Gerber
parabola
4 bolts
Su
0
0 200 400
Sp600 800 1000
mean stress
A spreadsheet with just calculations cannot by itself used be used as a report. A spreadsheet can
be used as a report only if sufficient comments are added to make it easily understandable,
as has been attempted in this example. The onus is on the writer to make their work comprehensible
10 Given information:
preload 0.75 no pr
integer no of bolts 3.00 int Inb
Factor of safety 1.10 no FS
we have not taken into account how much of the original clamping force is left after the
external load is applied. That requires an additional factor of safety
16a Plot on fatigue graph the alt and mean stresses for increasing number of bolts:
nb M salt smn
1 12 94.1 423 unsafe
2 " 47.05 423 marginally safe
3 " 31.4 423 safe even if one bolt fails
4 " 23.5 423 safe even if half of the bolts fails
16b Alternatively we could select the number of bolts and use the solver to determine
the diameter that would place them on the safe Gerber curve
UNBRAKO Engineering Guide, Inch & metric Catalogue downloadable from their website
UNCF ISO
OD inch Pitch /in. OD mm Pitch mm Athread %As loss Astress Pit/OD
3.00 0.50 6.57 19.0 5.32 0.167
0.138 40 3.51 0.64 8.91 20.5 7.09 0.181
4.00 0.70 11.63 19.8 9.33 0.175
0.164 36 4.17 0.71 12.65 19.2 10.22 0.169
0.19 32 4.83 0.79 17.02 18.7 13.83 0.164
5.00 0.80 18.30 18.3 14.96 0.160
6.00 1.00 26.28 19.0 21.29 0.167
0.25 28 6.35 0.91 29.74 16.4 24.85 0.143
0.312 24 7.92 1.06 46.52 15.4 39.33 0.134
8.00 1.25 46.93 17.9 38.54 0.156
0.375 24 9.53 1.06 67.88 13.0 59.06 0.111
10.00 1.50 73.53 17.2 60.88 0.150
0.437 20 11.10 1.27 92.04 13.4 79.75 0.114
Athread (PI()/4)*((M76-2*0.108*N76)^2)
%As loss 100*0.5*((M77-0.108*N77*2)^2-(M77-(0.108+0.6134)
*N77*2)^2)/((M77-0.108*N77*2)^2)
Astress O78*(1-P78/100)