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Study Guide Chapter 8
Study Guide Chapter 8
The term junk DNA is untenable because in eukaryotic genomes very little is Junk DNA
because majority of it is made up of 80% RNA product. Much of it represents pseudogenes
and retroposons.
Intros are noncoding sequences located in the genes. Intergenic spacers are noncoding
sequences between genes.
RNA can easily get picked by T2 phages when labeled uracil (u) gets pushed into
bacteria.
Housekeeping gene is needed for primary metabolism, facultative gene is only expressed
when needed. Housekeeping genes are more damaging to constitutive genes because it is
constantly functioning under normal and patho-physiological conditions.
Stage 3: Termination
Rho-independent (intrinsic)
- Uracil bind weakly to DNA
- RNA pol ties to back track and repair weak bonds
- Loop blocks bumping mRNA OFF RNA pol (signals release of
DNA strand).
Rho- dependent
- Hexameric rho bind to rho-utilization site (rut)
- RNA pol slows down toward Rho-sensitive site
- Rho acts as helicase (unwinds mRNA), catches up to pause RNA
pol, and releases mRNA
RNA is not always single stranded because RNA must become a double strand in order to
make an antisense strand.
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What is the role played by TBP, TATA, and the CTD tail in transcription?
TBP is a TATA binding protein that binds to the TATA box. TATA is a promoter which has a role
of determining where the genetic sequence can be read and decoded, it also determines where
transcription begins. CTD tail activates pol II which allows promoter for clearance.
Splicing of pre-mRNA