Design of Raft Foundation :

Column Distance from A-A

Name Load (KN) x (m) y (m)
1A 208.67 0 0
2A 183.33 0 4.34
1B 377.33 3.73 0
2B 374.67 3.73 4.34
1C 412.00 7.29 0
2C 432.67 7.29 4.34
1D 427.33 9.81 0
2D 440.67 9.81 4.34
∑ 2856.67

Safe Bearing Capacity of Soil = 100 KN/m2

For the Load combination which includes the earthquake load, the bearing
capacity can be increased by 50 % (IS 1893:2000 Cl. No. 6.3.5.2)
So, Safe Bearing Capacity of soil = 150 KN/m2

Total Vertical Column Load = 2856.67 KN

Taking moment of Column loads about grid A-A,

C.G. of Column Load: Geometric Centroid:
X‾ = 6.12 m X= 5.20 m
Y‾ = 2.18 m Y= 2.17 m

Eccentricity :
ex = 0.917 m
ey = 0.005 m

Now,
Ix = B*D^3/12 = 89.41 m4
Iy = D*B^3/12 = 475.2 m4
A= L*B = 49.73 m2
Mx = P*ey = 14.28 KNm
My = P*ex = 2619.56 KNm
P/A = 57.44 KN/m2

Soil Pressure at different points is as follows:

σ = P/A ± My/Iy * x ± Mx/Ix * y

Corner X Y
1A -5.20 -2.17
2A -5.20 2.17
1B -1.47 -2.17
2B -1.47 2.17
1C 2.09 -2.17
2C 2.09 2.17
1D 4.60 -2.17
 2D 4.60 2.17

Soil Pressure (σ ) :
σ 1A 28.406 KN/m2
σ 2A 29.1 KN/m2
σ 1B 48.994 KN/m2
σ 2B 49.688 KN/m2
σ 1C 68.608 KN/m2
σ 2C 69.302 KN/m2
σ 1D 82.473 KN/m2
σ 2D 83.167 KN/m2

Calculation of Bending Moment,

BM = wL2/10 (For strip in X-direction)
BM = wL2/8 (For strip in Y-direction)

Strip BM (KNm/m)
Strip 1-1 115.04
Strip 2-2 115.52
Strip A-A 68.66
Strip B-B 92.94
Strip C-C 140.37
Strip D-D 195.40

Now,
For M20 concrete and Fe415 Steel,
Shear Strength of Concrete Tc' = 1.12 N/mm2

For Corner Column (2-D)

b0 = d+700
Tv = Vu/bo d
ie, 1.12 = 1.5*440.67*1000/ (d+700) d
On Solving,
d= 494.21 mm

For Edge Column (2-C)

b0 = 2d+1050
Tv = Vu/bo d
ie, 1.12 = 1.5*432.67*1000/ (2d+1050) d
On Solving,
d= 336.37 mm

Adopt an effective depth of 500 mm and overall depth of 550 mm.

Reinforcement in the Long Direction is given by,

BM= 0.87fy Ast (d-(Ast*fy)/(fck*b))

It forms a quadratic equation,

(Fy / b d Fck) Ast2 - Ast + (Mu/0.87 Fy d) = 0
 x = (-b ± √(b2-4ac))/2a

a 0.0000415
b -1
c 1082.405341509

Ast +ve 22960.43 mm2

Ast -ve 1135.96 mm2

Ast needed = 1135.95685779 mm2 /m Minm Ast = 0.12% bD

684 mm2
Actual Ast Reqd = 1135.95685779 mm2 /m

Bar dia. (φ) 16 mm

Spacing required = 177.0690988507 mm

Spacing provided = 150 mm
Ast provided = 1340.95 mm2 /m

Provide Reinforcements:
At Top : 16 mm φ bars @ 150 mm c/c spacing in both directions
At Bottom: 16 mm φ bars @ 150 mm c/c spacing in both directions
 d D fy fck
500 550 415 20