Kuliah Umum:

Kajian Penggunaan Teknologi Baru di Industri Pangan dan Konsep

Pertahanan Pangan (food defense) di Indonesia
BPOM RI, 12 April 2018
_________________

BAG II:
KONSEP PERTAHANAN PANGAN
(FOOD DEFENSE) DI INDONESIA
Purwiyatno Hariyadi
phariyadi.staff.ipb.ac.id
phariyadi@apps.ipb.ac.id

Purwiyatno Hariyadi - phariyadi.staff.ipb.ac.id

 (personalized,
Perkembangan Perawatan
prescribed)
• kesehatan,
Industri Pangan • Kebugaran
• Melayani
• Lingkungan • SMART
• “sosial”: fair trade
kebutuhan
masyarakat;
• Convinience, • CARE • CARE
• “Batch”  proses food service
kontinyu
•MAIN TREND

• Pengurangan produk
“gagal” • SERVICE • SERVICE • SERVICE
• Efisiensi energy

• MAKE • MAKE • MAKE • MAKE

•1970 •~1980 •~1990 •~2000 •~2010

Purwiyatno Hariyadi - phariyadi.staff.ipb.ac.id
Perkembangan
Industri Pangan
 Safety first • SMART

• CARE • CARE
•MAIN TREND

• SERVICE • SERVICE • SERVICE

• MAKE • MAKE • MAKE • MAKE

FOOD SAFETY

•1970 •~1980 •~1990 •~2000 •~2010

Purwiyatno Hariyadi - phariyadi.staff.ipb.ac.id
Perkembangan
Industri Pangan
 Safety first • SMART

• CARE • CARE
•MAIN TREND

• SERVICE • SERVICE • SERVICE

• MAKE • MAKE • MAKE • MAKE

FOOD SAFETY

•1970 •~1980 •~1990 •~2000 •~2010

Purwiyatno Hariyadi - phariyadi.staff.ipb.ac.id
Perkembangan
Industri Pangan
 Safety first • SMART

• CARE • CARE
•MAIN TREND

• SERVICE • SERVICE • SERVICE

• MAKE • MAKE • MAKE • MAKE

9/11
2001
FOOD SAFETY

•1970 •~1980 •~1990 •~2000 •~2010

Purwiyatno Hariyadi - phariyadi.staff.ipb.ac.id
Perkembangan
Industri Pangan
 Safety first • SMART

• CARE • CARE
•MAIN TREND

• SERVICE • SERVICE • SERVICE

• MAKE • MAKE • MAKE • MAKE

9/11
2001
FOOD SAFETY

•1970 •~1980 •~1990 •~2000 •~2010

Purwiyatno Hariyadi - phariyadi.staff.ipb.ac.id
Perkembangan
Industri Pangan
 Safety first • SMART

• CARE • CARE
•MAIN TREND

• SERVICE • SERVICE • SERVICE

• MAKE • MAKE • MAKE • MAKE

FSMA
9/11 2011
2001
FOOD SAFETY

•1970 •~1980 •~1990 •~2000 •~2010

Purwiyatno Hariyadi - phariyadi.staff.ipb.ac.id
Perkembangan
Industri Pangan
 Safety first • SMART

• CARE • CARE
•MAIN TREND

• SERVICE • SERVICE • SERVICE

• MAKE • MAKE • MAKE • MAKE

FSMA
9/11 2011
2001
FOOD SAFETY

•1970 •~1980 •~1990 •~2000 •~2010

Purwiyatno Hariyadi - phariyadi.staff.ipb.ac.id
- A new Era?

Beyond
- Contamination?
- Hazards [physical,
chemical &
(micro)biological]

Purwiyatno Hariyadi - phariyadi.staff.ipb.ac.id

- A new Concept ?

Concept of
- Food Safety?
- Food Quality?
- Biosecurity?
- Food Protection ?

Purwiyatno Hariyadi - phariyadi.staff.ipb.ac.id

 Old Era/Conept Vs . New Era/Concept

Unintentional /
Intentional
Accidental
Contamination
Contamination

Purwiyatno Hariyadi - phariyadi.staff.ipb.ac.id

 Old Era/Conept Vs . New Era/Concept

Food
Quality

Unintentional /
Intentional
Accidental
Contamination
Contamination

Food
Safety

Purwiyatno Hariyadi - phariyadi.staff.ipb.ac.id

 Old Era/Conept Vs . New Era/Concept

Economicall driven
Motivation is “GAIN”
Food Food
Quality Fraud

Unintentional /
Intentional
Accidental
Contamination
Contamination

Food
Safety

Purwiyatno Hariyadi - phariyadi.staff.ipb.ac.id

 Old Era/Conept Vs . New Era/Concept

Economicall driven
Motivation is “GAIN”
Food Food
Quality Fraud

Unintentional /
Intentional
Accidental
Contamination
Contamination

Food
Food
Defense
Safety
Ideologically driven
Motovation is “HARM”
Purwiyatno Hariyadi - phariyadi.staff.ipb.ac.id
 Old Era/Conept Vs . New Era/Concept

Economicall driven
Motivation is “GAIN”
Food Food
Quality Fraud

Unintentional /
Intentional
Accidental FOOD DEFENSE
Contamination
Contamination

Food
Food
Defense
Safety
Ideologically driven
Motovation is “HARM”
Purwiyatno Hariyadi - phariyadi.staff.ipb.ac.id
FOOD DEFENSE

- Originated from the US

- Started with the Public Health Security and

Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response
Act of 2002 (Bioterrorism Act 2002) 
Adopted after 9/11, 2001).
- The Food Safety Modernization Act
(FSMA), 2011:
- Focus: intentional acts of adulteration
where there is an intent to cause wide
scale public health harm

Purwiyatno Hariyadi - phariyadi.staff.ipb.ac.id

FOOD DEFENSE

- Then … EU

2014:
The British Standards Institution (BSI) :
PAS 96 2014: Guide to protecting and defending food and
drink from deliberate attack
Purwiyatno Hariyadi - phariyadi.staff.ipb.ac.id
FOOD DEFENSE

Food Defense is the effort to protect food from

acts of intentional adulteration
(http://www.fda.gov/food/fooddefense/).

Food Defense/Food defence: procedures to

ensure the security of food and drink and their
supply chains from malicious and ideologically
motivated attack leading to contamination or
supply disruption (BSI, 2014)

Purwiyatno Hariyadi - phariyadi.staff.ipb.ac.id

FOOD DEFENSE

• Food defense is not food safety.

• Food safety addresses predictable and
unintentional risks.
• Food safety is best addressed through
HACCP.
• Food defense addresses intentional attacks
on the safety or quality of food. It is not well
suited to HACCP.

Purwiyatno Hariyadi - phariyadi.staff.ipb.ac.id

FOOD DEFENSE
--- start from 9/11 (2001)?

Intentional contamination has happened and can

happen again.
• Salad bars with Salmonella – Oregon, 1984
• Cookies with needles, St. Louis, 1984
• Fast food with rat poison, China, 2002
• Ground beef with nicotine – Michigan, 2003

Purwiyatno Hariyadi - phariyadi.staff.ipb.ac.id

FOOD DEFENSE … is it real?

Purwiyatno Hariyadi - phariyadi.staff.ipb.ac.id

FOOD DEFENSE … is it real?

Purwiyatno Hariyadi - phariyadi.staff.ipb.ac.id

FOOD DEFENSE … is it real?

Purwiyatno Hariyadi - phariyadi.staff.ipb.ac.id

FOOD DEFENSE … is it real?

Purwiyatno Hariyadi - phariyadi.staff.ipb.ac.id

FOOD DEFENSE … is it real?

Purwiyatno Hariyadi - phariyadi.staff.ipb.ac.id

FOOD DEFENSE … is it real?

Purwiyatno Hariyadi - phariyadi.staff.ipb.ac.id

FOOD DEFENSE … is it real?

Purwiyatno Hariyadi - phariyadi.staff.ipb.ac.id

FOOD DEFENSE … is it real?

Purwiyatno Hariyadi - phariyadi.staff.ipb.ac.id

FOOD DEFENSE … is it real?

Purwiyatno Hariyadi - phariyadi.staff.ipb.ac.id

FOOD DEFENSE … is it real?

Purwiyatno Hariyadi - phariyadi.staff.ipb.ac.id

 FOOD DEFENSE … is it real?

(Moore, et al. April 5, 2012,

Journal of Food Science)

1,300 cases of food frauds

(1980 – 2010)

Purwiyatno Hariyadi - phariyadi.staff.ipb.ac.id

 FOOD DEFENSE … is it real?

(Moore, et al. April 5, 2012,

Journal of Food Science)

1,300 cases of food frauds

(1980 – 2010)

Top Ten (10) adulterated foods :

1. Olive oil (% of total record: 16)
2. Milk (14)
3. Honey (7)
4. Saffron (Crocus sativus L., 4)
5. Orange juice (4)
6. Coffee(3)
7. Apple juice (2)
8. Grape wine (2)
9. Maple syrup (2)
10.Vanilla extract (2)
11.Rice (1)

Purwiyatno Hariyadi - phariyadi.staff.ipb.ac.id

FOOD DEFENSE …  who would do this?

• Terrorists or Activists
• Competitors
• Disgruntled employees
• ?  EMA

Purwiyatno Hariyadi - phariyadi.staff.ipb.ac.id

FOOD DEFENSE … is “terror” real?

Purwiyatno Hariyadi - phariyadi.staff.ipb.ac.id

FOOD DEFENSE … is “terror” real?

Purwiyatno Hariyadi - phariyadi.staff.ipb.ac.id

FOOD DEFENSE … is “terror” real?

Purwiyatno Hariyadi - phariyadi.staff.ipb.ac.id

FOOD DEFENSE …  who would do this?
• WHY?

• Anger over national, business, or

personal differences
• Seeking changes in culture
• Seeking economic disruption
• Seeking public fear
• Seeking harm to others

Purwiyatno Hariyadi - phariyadi.staff.ipb.ac.id

FOOD DEFENSE …  who would do this?
• WHY?
• WHY FOOD INDUSTRY ?

Factors that increase risk:

• Making large batches of food
• Foods with short shelf lives
• Uniformly mixed products
• Products that reach key populations
• Ease of access

Purwiyatno Hariyadi - phariyadi.staff.ipb.ac.id

FOOD DEFENSE …  imagine: WHAT IF?

• People are ill, injured, or even dying.

• Your company name and product are involved.
• A recall is initiated.
• Production is halted—jobs lost.
• Financial losses occur locally and even nationally.

Purwiyatno Hariyadi - phariyadi.staff.ipb.ac.id

FOOD DEFENSE …  imagine: WHAT IF?

• People are ill, injured, or even dying.

• Your company name and product are involved.
• A recall is initiated.
• Production is halted—jobs lost.
• Financial losses occur locally and even nationally.

The Q: “What did WE do to prevent this?”

Purwiyatno Hariyadi - phariyadi.staff.ipb.ac.id
FOOD DEFENSE  Be Aware ..Be Prepare

The Q: “What did WE do to prevent this?”

Purwiyatno Hariyadi - phariyadi.staff.ipb.ac.id
FOOD DEFENSE  Be Aware ..Be Prepare

The Q: “What did WE do to prevent this?”

Purwiyatno Hariyadi - phariyadi.staff.ipb.ac.id
FOOD DEFENSE  Be Aware ..Be Prepare

The Q: “What did WE do to prevent this?”

Purwiyatno Hariyadi - phariyadi.staff.ipb.ac.id
FOOD DEFENSE  Develop (Write) a Plan

• Defining Food Defense

• Understanding why it matters
• Develop a Plan

Writing it down
will improve it.

The Q: “What did WE do to prevent this?”

Purwiyatno Hariyadi - phariyadi.staff.ipb.ac.id
TERIMAKASIH

Purwiyatno Hariyadi - phariyadi.staff.ipb.ac.id