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Durability and Characteristics of Copper Slag As Fine Aggregate and Fly Ash As Cement in Concrete
Durability and Characteristics of Copper Slag As Fine Aggregate and Fly Ash As Cement in Concrete
ICCTET’14
Abstract – The main objective of this study was to identify concrete by3.04% [3]. R.R. Chavan et al., 2013, replaced
alternative source of good quality fine aggregates which is copper slag with sand of 0 to 100% in concrete.
depleting very fast due to the fast pace of construction activities The results shows that the compressive strength
in India. Use of slag sand is a waste material of copper increased by 55% at 40% replacement of copper slag the
production and fly ash is a waste material of power plants
flexural strength of Concrete increased by 14% at 28 days is
provides great opportunity to utilize it as an alternative to
normally available aggregates and cement. For this research higher than design mix (Without replacement) for 20%
work , M35 grade concrete was used and tests were conducted for replacement of fine aggregate by Copper slag Compressive
various proportions of copper slag replacement with sand of 0 to strength and flexural Strength is increased due to high
100% and fly ash replacement with cement of 0 to 30%. The fine toughness of Copper slag [4].Khalifa S. Al-Jabir, (2011)
aggregate was replaced with copper slag as proportions of 0%, pointed an experimental investigation was conducted to study
10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 80%, and 100% and cement the effect of using copper slag as a fine aggregate on the
was replaced with fly ash as proportions of 30% in OPC 53 grade properties of concrete. There was more than 70%
cement. Concrete mixtures are evaluated for workability, improvement in the compressive strength of mortar with 50%
Ultrasonic pulse velocity test and water absorption test. The
copper slag substitution in comparison with the control
obtained result was compared with those of control concrete
made with Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC). mixture. The volume of permeable voids decreased with the
replacement of up to 50% copper slag [5].
Keywords – Copper slag, fly ash, Ordinary Portland cement, This paper presents the details of experimental setup
Ultra sonic pulse velocity test, Water absorption test. and discussion on test results. In this paper the impact of
potential replacement of fine aggregate by copper slag and
I. INTRODUCTION cement by fly ash on the properties of concrete, experiments
were conducted on different concrete mixes.
This exploration work is an effort to develop the
awareness & importance of industrial waste management & its II. MATERIALS AND PROPERTIES
utilization in productive manner in construction industry.
Large amounts of industrial waste or by-products accumulate A. Cement
every year in the developing countries. Nowadays utilization The cement used in this project is Ordinary Portland
of secondary materials is being encouraged in construction Cement of 43 Grade from Ultratech Cement Company.
field. Copper slag is one of the materials that is considered as This cement is most widely used in the construction
a waste material which could have a promising future in industry in India.
construction industry as partial or full substitute of either
cement or aggregates [1]. Copper slag used in this work was B. Coarse And Fine Aggregate
brought from Sterlite Industries Ltd (SIL), Tuticorin, Tamil
Nadu, India. SIL is producing Copper slag during the Coarse aggregate of 20mm size and fine aggregate of
manufacture of copper metal. Currently, about 2600 tons of zone III from Karur area of TamilNadu
Copper slag is produced per day and a total accumulation of
C. Copper Slag
around 1.5 million tons [2]. Copper slag reduces the water The slag is a black glassy granular material by
absorption is reduced by 33.59% and chloride ion penetrability product of Sterlite Industries Limited (SIL), Tuticorin,
decreases by 77.32%. The copper slag reduces the pH value of TamilNadu, India.
© IEEE 2014
IEEE Conference Number - 33344
July 8, 2014, Coimbatore, India.
2nd International Conference on Current Trends in Engineering and Technology, ►223◄
ICCTET’14
given in Table 3
D. Fly Ash
Fly ash of class C is obtained from thermal power Table 3 Chemical components of Copper Slag
plant, Mettur, TamilNadu, India was made use of.
Component CS(%)
E. Physical And Chemical Properties Silica (sio2) 33.05
Alumina ( Al2so3) 2.79
Physical properties of OPC and Fly ash
Iron oxide ( Fe2o3) 53.45
Ordinary Portland cement from Ultratech Cement Calcium oxide (Cao) 6.06
Company is used for super grade. The cement is produced Magnesium oxide (Mgo) 1.56
as per the Indian standard IS specification given in IS:
Sulfuric trioxide ( so3) 1.89
1489 Part-I-1991.
Fly ash of class C is obtained from thermal power
plant. IS: 3812 Part-I -2003 The Physical properties of Mix Ratio
Ordinary Portland Cement and Fly ash are given in Table 1
The Mix proportions are given in Table 4
Table 1 Physical properties of OPC and Fly ash
Table 4 Mix ratio
S.No Physical OPC Fly ash
Cement Fine Coarse Water
properties
(Kg/m3) aggregate aggregate (lit/m3)
1. Fineness 335.7 397 m2/kg (Kg/m3) (Kg/m3)
modulus m2/kg 362 790 1172 160
2. Initial setting 28 min 130 min 1 2.18 3.24 0.41
time
3. Final setting 595 min 290 min
Various Replacements Of Copper Slag And Fly Ash
time In Concrete
4. Soundness 0.8% 0.20%
5. Specific gravity 3.15 2.14 The various replacements of Copper slag and
Fly ash are given in Table 5
Chemical properties of OPC and Fly ash Table 5 Replacement of Copper slag and Fly ash
© IEEE 2014
IEEE Conference Number - 33344
July 8, 2014, Coimbatore, India.
2nd International Conference on Current Trends in Engineering and Technology, ►224◄
ICCTET’14
© IEEE 2014
IEEE Conference Number - 33344
July 8, 2014, Coimbatore, India.
2nd International Conference on Current Trends in Engineering and Technology, ►225◄
ICCTET’14
© IEEE 2014
IEEE Conference Number - 33344
July 8, 2014, Coimbatore, India.
2nd International Conference on Current Trends in Engineering and Technology, ►226◄
ICCTET’14
© IEEE 2014
IEEE Conference Number - 33344
July 8, 2014, Coimbatore, India.
2nd International Conference on Current Trends in Engineering and Technology, ►227◄
ICCTET’14
REFERENCES
[1] Arivalagan.S, “Experimental Study on the Flexural
Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Beams as
Replacement of Copper Slag as Fine Aggregate”,
Journal of Civil Engineering and Urbanism, Vol.3, July
2013.
[2] Khalifa S. Al-Jabri, et al, “Effect of Copper Slag as a
Fine Aggregate on the Properties of Cement Mortars
and Concrete”, Construction and Building Materials
Vol-25 (2011), pp 933-938.
[3] Arunkumar.A, A.S.Santhi, G.Mohanganesh, “Various
Utilization of Fly Ash and its Properties on Concrete –
A Review” Trends in Engineering and Development,
Vol.2, March 2012.
[4] Khalife S. Al-Jabri, et al ‘ Performance of high strength
concrete made with copper slag as fine aggregate’,
construction and building material vol-23 (2009).
[5] N.K.S.Pundhir, et al ‘Use of copper slag as construction
material in bituminous pavements’, Journal of
Scientific & Industrial Research, vol 64 (2005).
© IEEE 2014
IEEE Conference Number - 33344
July 8, 2014, Coimbatore, India.