‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫‪٧‬‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪٢٦١‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪(7-1) ‬‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪K‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪K‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪  ‬א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪K K‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪K‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪K‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫א א‬ ‫)‪(7-2‬‬ ‫‪Luminous flux‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫)‪(7-2-1‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪E‬‬ ‫)‪F‬‬ ‫‪E Φ ‬‬
‫‪F ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪، ‬‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪E Lm F‬‬ ‫‪E Lumen F ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪K‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪W ‬‬
‫א א ‪E watt F‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪1 Lumen = 0.0016 watt (7-1) or 1 watt = 681 Lumen (7-2) ‬‬
‫‪- ‬‬
١٣٢ - 
 
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ٢٦١  
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  

Solid angle  
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ (7-2-2)  
W ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ω 
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
(7.1) ‫א‬ E ω 
F 
ω 

= 
A r 
2 

steradian 
)37( − 
 
ZA W  
Zr ‫א‬ Z c ، (sr) 
، ‫א‬ (steradian) ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫ א א‬F 
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬  
(steradian) ω 1= ‫א‬  
- ١٣٣ - ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ω 
‫א‬ ‫א‬  
E A=r2 A K ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬  
 π4 (st) ω 
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ E ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ F π4A = r 2 A 
r 
ω 
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
E 7.1 F ‫א‬C  
(Candela) ‫( א‬7-2-3) ‫א‬
‫א‬ (candela power) ‫א‬  
(cd) (Luminous intensity) ‫א‬
‫( א‬cp)  
 
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ٢٦١  

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  

- ١٣٤ - (Lumen) ‫ א‬ 
(7-2-4) ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ K ‫א‬
‫א‬ (Lm) ‫ א א‬ 
، ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ، ‫א‬  
E ‫א א‬ F K E‫א א‬ F ‫א‬
، (steradian) ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬  
K ‫א‬ ‫א‬ (7.2) ‫א‬  
 
 
 
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ (7.2) ‫א‬  
(Quantity of light) ‫א‬ (7-2-5) E ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
F ‫א‬ ‫א‬
Q W  
، Q = hr.Lmt.Φ 4)(7 − 
 
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ٢٦١  

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  

‫א‬ ‫א‬
E Lm-hr F J 
‫א‬ E J ‫ א‬F  
(Luminous intensity) ‫א‬ (7-2-6)  
‫א‬ E Φ 
F ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ (I) 
W ‫א‬ Ι = 
Φ ω 
(Lm/sr candela ) 5)(5 − ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬  
‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
 
K MSCP ( mean spherical candela –power)  
(Illumination) ‫( א‬7-2-7) ‫א‬
‫ א‬E F ‫א‬ ‫א‬
(E) W ‫א‬
‫א א‬ Ε = 
Φ Α 
Lux 
6)(7 −  
(Lux = lm/m2) ‫א‬ (Luminance) 
‫( א‬7-2-8) ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ (L) 
 ‫‪W‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ L ‬א‬
‫‪= ‬‬
‫‪S Ι ‬‬
‫‪mcd ‬‬
‫‪2 )7(7 −‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪m2 ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫‪ ZS‬א‬ ‫‪W‬‬ ‫‪  ‬ﯾﺴﻜﻌﻼ ﻋﯿﺒﺮﺗﻼ ﻧﻮﻧﺎق‬
‫)‪(7-3‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫)‪(7-6‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪W ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫‪- ١٣٥ - ‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪٢٦١‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪Ι ‬‬

‫‪= ‬‬
‫‪Φ ω ‬‬
‫‪cd )8(7 − Α ‬‬
‫‪= ‬‬
‫‪ω r ‬‬
‫‪2 m 2 )9(7 − Ε ‬‬
‫‪= ‬‬
‫‪Φ Α ‬‬
‫‪= ω ‬‬
‫‪Ιω r ‬‬
‫‪2 ‬‬

‫‪= r Ι 2 Lux )10(7 − Ε ‬‬

‫‪= ‬‬
‫‪r Ι ‬‬
‫‪2 ‬‬

‫‪Lux ‬‬
‫‪)11(7 − - ١٣٦ -‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪(7.3‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪، ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪(7.4) ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪(7-10‬‬ ‫א‬
 E= 1/4 Lux 
E=1/9 Lux 
E=1 Lux 
‫ةءاﺿﻺاةﻃﻘﻦ ﻻﯾﺪﻧﺂ‬ 
1 ‫ ردﺻﻢ‬١ m 
2 m 
3m  

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ( 7.3 ) ‫ ﻟﻜﺶ ﻻ‬Ε 

B 

= 
Ι 
Cos d 2 
θ 1 
)21(5 − 
Ε 
B 

= 
h 
2 Ι 
Cos 
3 

θ 
1 

)31(5 − 
 
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪٢٦١‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪θ 1 ‬‬
‫‪h ‬‬
‫‪d ‬‬

‫‪θ ‬‬
‫‪1 ‬‬

‫‪θ ‬‬
‫‪2 ‬‬

‫‪θ ‬‬
‫‪3 ‬‬

‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪A ‬‬

‫‪B‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪(7.4‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪W‬‬ ‫‪E p - ١٣٧ - θ 2 ‬‬
‫‪C ‬‬
‫‪D ‬‬

‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪P‬‬ ‫‪ Z‬א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫)‪(7-3-1‬‬ ‫‪F١E‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪5m‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪10 m‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪K‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪200 cd‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪K‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪2K ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬א ﻟﻮﻷا ﺣﺎﺑﺼﻤﻼ ةﺟﯿﺘﻦ ةءاﺿﺘﺴﻼا‬
Ε 
1L 

= Ι 
C)(L Cos 1 
θ 1 2 
 
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ٢٦١  
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
L 
1 
L 
2 
L 
3 
L 
4 
θ 
1 
θ 
2 
5 m 
A 
B 
D 
C 
10 m 5 m 5 m 

10 m (7.5) ‫ ﻟﻜﺶ ﻻ‬CL 

1 

= 155 2 
+ 2 = m15.8 Cos 
θ 1 = 15.8/5 Ε 
1L 

= 
/15.85x200 
15.8 
2 = 0.253 Lux Ε 
2L 
= Ι ( 
- ١٣٨ - Cos θ 2 L 
2 

C) 2 
‫ﯾﻨﺎﺛﻼ ﺣﺎﺑﺼﻤﻼ ةﺟﯿﺘﻦ ةءاﺿﺘﺴﻼا‬ 
CL 2 
= 
55 2 
+ 2 = m25 osC θ 2 
= 1 
2 
Ε 
2L 

= 
2/1x200 )2(5 
2 = 2.83 Lux = 
EE 
1L 

+ 2L = 0.253 + 2.83 = 3.08 Lux  

 
‫א‬  
= 2 x 3.08 =6.16 Lux 

‫א‬ ‫א‬  
 
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ٢٦١  

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  

- ١٣٩ - (2) B  
400 cd A 200 cd ‫א‬ 100 m 
‫א‬ ‫א‬
K 20 m B ‫ א‬ 
10 m ‫א‬ A ‫א‬ K ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ 50 ‫ א‬m 
50 m 
L 
2 
L 
1 
C 
θ 

(7.6) 
‫ﻟﻜﺶ ﻻ‬  
 
51 
Lux10.015 
2 
θ 
1 
20 m 
10 m 

( 
L 
1 

C) = 
10 2 
 + 50 2 = m51 Cos θ 1 = 10 51/ Ε 1L 
= 
51/10x200 
2 = ( L 
2 C) = 
20 2 
+ 50 2 = m53.9 Cos θ 2 
= 53.9/20  
Ε 
2L 

= 
53.9/20x400 53.9 
2 = 0.051 Lux = 
EE 
1L 

+ 2L = 10.015 + 0.051 = 0.066 Lux 

‫א‬  
 
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ٢٦١  

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  

- ١٤٠ - ‫א‬ (7-4) 
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ K K 
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
K ‫א‬ ‫א‬ W 
(Filament lamps) ‫א‬ J١  
Incandescent lamps ‫א‬ ‫ א‬J Tungsten halogen lamps 
‫א‬ ‫א‬ J  
Reflection lamps ‫א‬ ‫א‬ J  
(Gas-discharge lamps F ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
J٢  
Fluorescent lamps ‫א‬ J ‫א‬ ‫א א‬
‫א‬ J Low pressure sodium lamps (SOX)  
‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ J High pressure 
sodium lamps (HPS) ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ J 
High pressure mercury lamps (HPM) Metal halide lamps
‫א‬ ‫א‬ J (Incandescent lamps) ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
7-4-1)) K ، ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ (7.7) 
‫א‬ ‫א א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫ א‬K 
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫ א‬ 
lm/w 21 K ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ K ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
 
 
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ٢٦١  
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
 
‫א‬ ‫א‬ (7.8)  

(Fluorescent lamps) ‫א‬ (7-4-3)  

، ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ (ballast) 
‫א‬ (7.9) 
‫א‬
‫א‬ (7.11) K (7.10) - ١٤١ - ‫א‬
‫א‬ (7.7)  
(Mercury lamps) ‫א‬
(7-4-2) ‫א‬ ، (bulb) 
‫א‬ ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫ א‬E F ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
K K (7.8) ‫א‬  
(Fluorescent-mercury lamps) ‫א‬ 
 
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪٢٦١‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪- ١٤٢ -‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫)‪(7.9‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪(7.10‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬

‫)‪(Road lighting‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪(7-5‬‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪K‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪K ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪K‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪K‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪  ‬א‬
‫‪ ‬‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪٢٦١‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬

‫‪- ١٤٣ -‬‬ ‫א‬
‫)‪(7-5-1‬‬ ‫‪W‬‬ ‫א‬
‫)‪(Series system‬‬ ‫‪ ‬א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪J١‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫)‪(constant-current transformer‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫א א‬ ‫)‪(7.13‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪W‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪J‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪J‬‬ ‫‪13.2kV‬‬ ‫‪2.4 kV ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪K‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪6.6,7.5,15,20‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪K‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪1%‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪F ‬‬
‫‪E 20%‬‬ ‫‪E Multiple system F ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪J٢‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫א א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א ‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪ ‬‬
‫)‪K (7.14‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
 
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪٢٦١‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪(7.11‬‬ ‫‪ - ‬א ‪١٤٤ -‬‬

‫‪ ‬‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪٢٦١‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬

‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪(7.12) ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪200 watt‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬

‫‪ ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪(7.13‬‬ ‫‪  ‬א‬
‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪- ‬‬
‫‪١٤٥ - ‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪٢٦١‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪(7.14‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬

‫א‬ ‫)‪(7-5-2‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪ J١‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪(7.15‬‬ ‫‪Ε ‬‬
‫‪p ‬‬

‫‪∑= n ‬‬
‫‪- ١٤٦ - Ι h ‬‬
‫‪γc 2 ‬‬

‫‪cos ‬‬
‫‪3 ‬‬

‫‪γ ‬‬
‫‪)41(7 − P ‬‬
‫‪ Z‬א‬ ‫‪Ε ‬‬
‫‪p‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪W‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪C ،‬‬ ‫‪γ ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪P‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪Z‬‬ ‫‪Ι ‬‬
‫‪γc‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪Zn‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫‪h Z‬א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪، ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫)‪(7.16‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪E Isolux ‬‬
‫‪diagram F‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪K‬‬ ‫‪h‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪K ‬‬
  
 
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ٢٦١  
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  

W ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
‫א‬ ‫א‬  
Ε 
p 

=ΕrW na 
Φ h 
2 )51(7 
− 
W P ‫א‬ ‫א‬ J Ε 
r  
‫א‬ ‫א‬ Zn ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
ZΦ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ Za  
‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫ א‬Zh  
 
P ‫א‬ (7.15) ‫א‬  
‫א‬ J٢ W ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ Ε 
av 

= 
∑ 
N Ε 
p 
 )61(7 − 
 
Ε 
p 

W - ١٤٧ -  
‫ א‬Z  
‫א‬ ‫ א‬ZN  
 
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪٢٦١‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬

‫‪- ١٤٨ -‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪(7.16‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪W‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪Ε ‬‬
‫‪av  ‬‬

‫‪= ‬‬
‫‪η SW ‬‬
‫‪Φn )71(7 ‬‬
‫‪−‬‬ ‫‪W‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪Z W‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪ ZS‬א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫‪= η ‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪٢٦١‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬

‫‪K‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫‪W‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪K (7.17b ‬‬
‫)‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪h‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪J‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪0.32 0.075 Z‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪Z‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪3 2 h 4 h ‬‬
‫‪- ١٤٩ -‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪η= 0.0725+0.32= ‬‬
‫‪0.395‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪γ ‬‬
‫‪2 ‬‬

‫‪، γ ‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪J‬‬ ‫)‪(7.17a‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪γ ‬‬
‫‪1 ‬‬

‫‪= ‬‬

‫‪tan ‬‬
‫‪− ‬‬
‫‪1 ‬‬

‫‪4 ‬‬
‫‪h ‬‬
‫‪h ‬‬

‫‪= 14 0 γ ‬‬
‫‪2 ‬‬

‫‪= ‬‬

‫‪tan ‬‬
− 
1 

3 
h 2 
h 

= 56.5 0 (7.17c) ‫א‬  

0.075 Z ‫א‬ γ 1 
= 

14 
o 

 
0.32 Z ‫א‬ γ 2 
= 

56..5 
o 

 
‫א‬ ‫א‬ η= 0.0725+0.32= 0.395 
‫א‬ (7.17a)  
 
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪٢٦١‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬

‫‪ ‬‬
‫)‪(7.17b‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬
‫)‪(7.17c‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫)‪(7.17‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪E F3‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪10 m ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪(7.18‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫)‪ (7.19‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪4000 Lm‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪a=0.187‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪P‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪ - ‬א‬
‫‪١٥٠ - ‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ٢٦١  

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  

- ١٥١ - W ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ، 
(0.6h) 6 m ‫א‬ ‫א‬ P ‫א‬  
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ، (7.19) ‫ א‬ 
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ E A-A F h  
‫א‬ 20 m 
L 
1 
L 
2 
6 m 
L 
3 
5 m 
P 
10 m 

K  
(7.18) ‫ א‬L L 
3 L 1 to 2 

to to P P P = =25 m =2.5h =5 15 m =0.5 m= 1.5 h h  

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ (7.19) ‫א‬
E 
E 
E 
L2 
L3 
L1 
= = = 53% 13% 3% of of of E E 
E 
max 
max 

max P ‫א‬ ‫ א‬E 

p 

=3%+53%+13% = E 
L1+ 

E 
L2 

+ E 
L3 

=69% 
 
Ε 
max 

= 
a 
h 
Φ 2 = 
40000x0.187 10 
2 

= 74.8 
uxL P ‫א‬ ‫ א‬E 
p 

=0.69 x 74.8= 51.6 Lux 

 
 
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪٢٦١‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬

‫‪- ١٥٢ -‬‬ ‫‪E 7.19 F‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪E F4‬‬ ‫)‪(7.20‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪، 10 m‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪0.2‬‬ ‫‪(E ‬‬
‫‪max ‬‬

‫‪/ E ‬‬
‫) ‪min‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪(7.21‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪S ‬‬
‫‪12.5 m ‬‬
‫‪10 m ‬‬

‫‪ ‬‬

‫‪ ‬‬
‫)‪(7.20‬‬ ‫‪ ‬א‬
‫‪ ‬‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ٢٦١  
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
 

 
(7.21) ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ h ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
(7.20) ‫א‬ (10/10)h B-B ‫ א‬ 
(2.5/10) h A-A  
W ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
L 
1 L 
2 Ε 
min 

( 
L1 
) 
+ 
Ε 
min ( 

L2 
0.2) 
≥ Ε 
m
ax  
0.1 
Ε 
max 

‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ a, ‫א‬ A-A , 
B-B ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ % ١٠ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ Kb  
b ‫א‬ S/2 = 1.5h S = 3 h 
=30 meters 
- 
١٥٣ - 
 
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪٢٦١‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬

‫‪- ١٥٤ -‬‬ ‫‪F5E‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪2.5 m‬‬ ‫‪m 10‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪W‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪ 40000 Lm‬א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫)‪(7.22‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪ J‬א‬ ‫)‪(7.22‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ J‬א‬ ‫)‪(7.22‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪J‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫)‪(7.17b‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪J‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪η ‬‬
‫‪25.10 ‬‬
‫‪→ ‬‬

‫‪h = ‬‬
‫‪3.0 η ‬‬
‫‪5.00 ‬‬
‫‪→ ‬‬
‫‪h ‬‬

‫‪= ‬‬
‫‪17.0 η ‬‬
‫‪25.15.0 ‬‬
‫‪h ‬‬

‫‪h 13.017.03.0 ‬‬

‫‪ ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪W‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪-2.5 -025h ‬‬
‫‪→ ‬‬

‫‪= ‬‬
− = 30 m 

 
0 
5 m 0 
0.25 
12.5 m 1.25h  

(7.22) ‫ א‬Ε 
av 

= 
η SW Φ 
Ε 
av 

= 
0.13 
7.5 
Χ Χ 40000 30 = 23.1 
Lux 
 
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ٢٦١  
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
- ١٥٥ - (7.17b) ‫א‬ ‫א‬ J  

η η 
25.00 
5.00 
→ 
→ 
h 

= 
075.0 
h 

= 
17.0 η 
0 
25. 
h 
→ 
5.0 h = 

075.0 
+ 245.017.0 Ε 
av 

= SW η 
Φ 
= ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
W ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ Ε 
av 

= 
0.245 
‫‪7.5 ‬‬
‫‪Χ Χ 40000 30 = 43.5 ‬‬
‫‪Lux‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪J‬‬ ‫‪Ε ‬‬
‫‪av ‬‬

‫‪= 23.1+ 43.5= 66.6 Lux ‬‬

‫‪ ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪E‬א ‪٦‬‬ ‫‪J F٧‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪F‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪، ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪(7-1‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪E 90 cm‬‬ ‫)‪70‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪W‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪J ١ ‬‬
‫‪J٢‬‬ ‫‪J٣‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪J٤‬‬ ‫‪E‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪F‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪(7-6-1‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬א‬
‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ Ε = ‬א‬
‫‪n ‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪Φ ‬‬
‫‪η A ‬‬
‫‪LLF )187( ‬‬
− 
 
Lm/m2 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫ א‬ZE W  
m2 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ZA  
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫ א‬ΦZ  
 
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪٢٦١‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪- ١٥٦ -‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬

‫א‬ ‫‪Zη‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪Z‬‬ ‫‪LLF‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬

‫א‬ ‫‪Zn‬‬ ‫‪W‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪(7-18‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫)‪(7-1‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬א‬
‫‪W‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪K‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫‪W‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪Z ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪، ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪(7.22‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪W‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪٢٦١‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪- ١٥٧ -‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪(7-1‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪E ‬‬
‫‪F‬‬ ‫‪ ‬א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪E‬‬ ‫‪F‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪J٦‬‬ ‫‪J ١ ‬‬
‫‪1000‬‬ ‫‪300‬‬ ‫‪20‬‬ ‫‪300‬‬ ‫א ‪500‬‬
‫א‬ ‫‪1000‬‬ ‫א ‪50‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪150‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪J ٧ 300‬‬ ‫‪300‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א ‪300‬‬
‫‪100‬‬ ‫‪J ٢ 2000‬‬ ‫‪500‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪300‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪70‬‬ ‫‪1000‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪1500  ‬‬
‫‪300‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪100‬‬ ‫‪1000‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪100 ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫‪J ٣ 200‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪300‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫‪30‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪700‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪1000‬‬ ‫‪200  ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‪5‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪J ٤ 300‬‬ ‫א ‪1500‬‬ ‫‪1000 ‬‬
‫‪W‬‬ ‫‪2000‬‬ ‫‪10000‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫‪J ٥ 300‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א ‪300‬‬
‫א‬ ‫‪30‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪1000‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪1000 ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א ‪J ٨ 300‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪300‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪1000‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪200‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪٢٦١‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪- ١٥٨ - 200‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪200‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫‪J ١٣‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪J ٩ 300‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪300‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪150‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪300‬‬ ‫א ‪300‬‬ ‫‪200‬‬ ‫‪ 500 ‬א‬
‫‪ 1000‬א ‪300‬‬ ‫‪200‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪10000 ‬‬
‫‪750‬‬ ‫‪1000‬‬ ‫‪300‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪500 ‬‬
‫‪J ١٠‬‬ ‫‪J ١٤ 700‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א ‪500‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪500‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪300‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪500‬‬ ‫‪1000 ‬‬
‫‪700‬‬ ‫‪500‬‬ ‫‪700‬‬ ‫‪700‬‬ ‫‪700 ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫‪1000 ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪J ١١‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪J ١٥ 800‬‬ ‫‪300‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪300‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪70 ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪300‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪1000 ‬‬
‫‪1000 ‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬
‫)‪(7-1‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪٢٦١‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪- ١٥٩ -‬‬ ‫‪ ‬א‬

‫‪E‬‬ ‫‪F‬‬ ‫‪ ‬א‬

‫‪ ‬א‬
‫‪E‬‬ ‫‪F‬‬ ‫‪ ‬א ‪70‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪300 E‬‬ ‫‪F‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪1000 1000 ‬‬
‫‪750 ‬‬
‫‪300‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪1000 ‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪J ١٢ 1200‬‬ ‫‪ ‬א‬
‫‪400 ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫‪500‬‬ ‫‪3000 ‬‬
‫‪200 ‬‬
‫‪100‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪700‬‬ ‫‪500‬‬ ‫‪700‬‬ ‫‪300‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪J ١٦ 100‬‬ ‫‪300‬‬ ‫‪250‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪750‬‬ ‫‪ 500‬א ‪100‬‬ ‫‪10 E‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪F‬‬ ‫‪700‬‬ ‫‪150‬‬ ‫‪500‬‬ ‫‪ ‬א‬
‫‪500‬‬ ‫‪100‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ٢٦١  
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
- ١٦٠ - h CC 
h 
RC 
h 
FC 

 
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫ א‬E 7.22 F ‫א‬  
WxL 
‫ﻟﯿﻐﺸﺘﻼ ﯾﻮﺗﺴﻢ‬ 

CCR 
= 
5 h 
cc 

WL + 
RCR 
= 
5 h 
RC 

WL + WxL 
FCR 
= 
5 h 
FC 

WL + WxL 
 
 ‫א‬ ‫‪ CCR‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪h ‬‬
‫‪CC ‬‬

‫‪W‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫‪ RCR‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪h ‬‬
‫‪RC ‬‬

‫‪ ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫‪ FCR‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪h ‬‬
‫‪Fc‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪ ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫‪K‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪W‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪J‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪J‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪J‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪J‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪J  ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪J‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪٢٦١‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪- ١٦١ -‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪W‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ N ‬א‬

‫‪= ‬‬
‫‪Φ ‬‬
‫‪Ε LLF A η‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫=‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪(7-6-2‬‬ ‫‪F6E‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪15‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪8 m x ‬‬
‫‪12 m‬‬ ‫‪K 1600 Lm‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א ‪100 Lm/m2‬‬ ‫‪  ‬א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪15 1600x = 24000 Lm‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪x12x8 = 9600 ‬א ‪100‬‬
‫‪Lm‬‬ ‫‪= 9600/24000 = 40%‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪(7‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫א ‪12‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א א‬ ‫‪80 W ‬‬
‫‪12‬‬ ‫‪150 W  ‬‬
‫‪W‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪25% ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪J‬‬ ‫‪40 Lm/W‬‬ ‫‪, 15 Lm/W ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪J‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪J‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪12X 150 = 1800 ‬‬
‫‪W‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪12(80 + 0.25X80) = 1200 W ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪1800 –1200 = 600 W ‬‬
 ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ‬א‬
‫‪ ‬‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ٢٦١  
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
 

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ، η 
‫א‬  
A ‫א‬  
 
‫ א‬Ε 
1 

= 
15X150X12 
Α 
- ١٦٢ - η = 27000 η /Α Lm m 
2 

2 2 
‫א‬  
Ε 
= 40X80X12 η mLm/Α = 
38400 
27000 − 
27000 = 
42.0 
or %42 Α 
= 38400 η ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
F8E 1000 W  
 ‫א‬ 120m x 60m ‫א‬ 40 % 
12 ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ 1000 Lm/m2 ‫א‬
‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ K 
‫א‬ ‫א‬ .30 Lm/ w ‫א‬ ‫ א‬ 
‫ = א‬120 X 60 = 7200 m2 ‫א‬ = 7200 X 1000 = 7.2 X 
106 Lm ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
‫א‬ 40 % = 7.2 X 106 /0.4 =18 X 106 Lm 
‫א‬ 18= ‫א‬X 106 / 12 = 1.5 X 106 Lm ‫א‬
30 = ‫א‬X 1000 = 3 X 104 Lm ‫א‬ = ‫א‬ 
1.5X 106 / 3 X 104 = 50 ‫א‬  
 
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ٢٦١  

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  

- ١٦٣ - F٩E  
‫א‬ 30 m x 20 mX8 m ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬  
144 Lm/ m2 ‫ א‬5m ‫א‬ Z 1 
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ J 0.75 Z ‫א‬  
J 0.6 Z ‫א‬ J 300 watt 
13 Lm/watt Z ‫א‬ J 500 watt 16 Lm/watt 
Z ‫א‬ J ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫ א‬ 
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
Φ = Α.E p.η 
Φ = 
144X20X30 0.75X0.6 
= 192000 Lm = 500 X 16 = 8000 Lm 
‫א‬ ‫ א‬500 W = 192000/8000 =24 
‫א‬ ‫א‬ 500 W = 300 X 13 = 3900 Lm 
‫א‬ ‫א‬ 300 W = 192000/3900 =49 
‫א‬ ‫א‬ 300 W  
‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ، 300W ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 5 m ‫א‬ 
‫א‬ 6 4  
500W (7.23) ‫א‬ 5 m 
 

30 m (7.23) 
‫א‬