Taller N◦ 3 de Algebra II

10 de Junio del 2013

Grupo Name
 
1 2 2 1
 1 3 1 2 
1. Sea A = 
 2
 20 Ptos
3 a 1 
1 5 1 b

(a) En términos de a y b, hallar una matriz escalonada equivalente por filas con A.
Respuesta:
     
1 2 2 1 ^ 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 1
 1 3 1 2  F21 (−1)  0 −1 1  ^  0 −1 1 
  F31 (−2)  1  F32 (1)  1 
 2 3 a 1   0 −1 a − 4 −1  F42 (−3)  0 0 a−5 0 
F41 (−1)
1 5 1 b 0 3 −1 b − 1 0 0 2 b−4

 
1 2 2 1
^ F43  0 1 −1 1 
 
5−a  0 0 2 b−4  (∗∗)
F43 ( )  
2 (b − 4)(5 − a)
0 0 0
2

(b) Justificando, determine los posible valores que puede tener el rango de A.
Respuesta:
En la escalonada (∗∗)
Si a = 5 o b = 4 entonces ρ(A) = 3.
Si a 6= 5 y b 6= 4 entonces ρ(A) = 4.

2. Usando sólo propiedades de detrminantes determine el valor de : 20 Ptos

Respuesta:
¯ ¯ ¯ ¯
¯ −1 2 3 −1 5 ¯¯ F21 (5) ¯¯ −1 2 3 −1 5 ¯
¯ ¯
¯ 5 2 1 0 ¯ ¯
1 ¯ F31 (3) ¯ 0 12 16 −5 26 ¯
¯ ¯
¯ 3 2 1 2 −1 ¯ F41 (−1) ¯ 0 8 10 −1 14 ¯
¯ ¯ ¯ ¯
¯ −1 0 3 0 ¯ ¯
1 ¯ F51 (2) ¯ 0 −2 0 1 −4 ¯
¯ ¯
¯ 2 −1 1 2 2 ¯ = ¯ 0 3 7 0 12 ¯
¯ ¯ ¯ ¯
¯ −1 2 3 −1 5 ¯¯ ¯ −1 2 3 −1 5 ¯¯
F24 (6) ¯¯ F ¯
0 0 16 1 2 ¯ 42 ¯ 0 1 7 1 8 ¯¯
F34 (4) ¯¯ ¯ F42 (2) ¯
¯ 0 0 10 3 −2 ¯¯ (−1) · ¯¯ 0 0 10 3 −2 ¯¯
F54 (1) ¯ F (1)
¯ 0 −2 0 1 −4 ¯¯ 54 ¯ 0 0 14
¯ 3 12 ¯¯
= ¯ 0 =
1 7 1 8 ¯ ¯ 0 0 16 1 2 ¯
 ¯ ¯ ¯ ¯
¯ −1 2 3 −1 5 ¯ ¯ −1 2 3 −1 5 ¯
¯ ¯ ¯ ¯
F43 (−1) ¯ 0 1 7 1 8 ¯ ¯ 0 1 7 1 8 ¯
¯ ¯ F4 ( 1 ) ¯ ¯
F54 (−1) (−1) · ¯¯ 0 0 10 3 −2 ¯
¯ =
2 (−2) · ¯
¯ 0 0 10 3 −2 ¯
¯
= ¯ ¯ ¯ 0 0 2 ¯
¯ 0 0 4 0 14 ¯ ¯ 0 7 ¯
¯ 0 0 2 −2 −10 ¯ ¯ 0 0 2 −2 −10 ¯

¯ ¯ ¯ ¯
¯ −1 2 3 −1 5 ¯ ¯ −1 2 3 −1 5 ¯
¯ ¯ ¯ ¯
F34 (−5) ¯ 0 1 7 1 8 ¯ ¯ 0 1 7 1 8 ¯
¯ ¯ F35 (1) ¯ ¯
¯
F54 (−1) (−2) · ¯ 0 0 0 3 −37 ¯¯ ¯
(−2) · ¯ 0 0 0 1 −54 ¯¯
¯ 0 0 2 =
= ¯ 0 7 ¯¯ ¯ 0 0 2
¯ 0 7 ¯¯
¯ 0 0 0 −2 −17 ¯ ¯ 0 0 0 −2 −17 ¯
¯ ¯
¯ −1 2 3 −1 5 ¯¯
¯
F53 (2) ¯ 8 ¯¯
¯ 0 1 7 1
F34 (−1)(−2) ¯¯ 0 0 2 0 7 ¯¯ = 2 · (−1)1 · 2 · 1 · (−125) = 500
= ¯ 1 −54 ¯¯
¯ 0 0 0
¯ 0 0 0 0 −125 ¯

3. Usando sólo propiedades demuestre que: 10 Ptos

¯ ¯
¯ 0 a b ¯
¯ ¯
¯ −a 0 c ¯¯ = 0, donde a, b, c ∈ R−{0}
¯
¯ −b −c 0 ¯
Respuesta:
¯ ¯ ¯ ¯ ¯ ¯
¯ 0 ¯ ¯ 0 a b ¯ ¯ 0 ¯
¯ a b ¯ F23 (− a ) ¯
¯ a · c ¯ c
¯ F23 (− ) ¯ a b ¯
¯ −a 0 c ¯ b ¯ 0 c ¯ b ¯ 0 0 0 ¯=0
¯ ¯ ¯ b ¯ ¯ ¯
¯ −b −c 0 ¯ = ¯ −b ¯ = ¯ −b −c 0 ¯
−c 0

4. Usando sólo propiedades demuestre que: 10 Ptos

¯ ¯ ¯ ¯
¯ a+x b+y c+z ¯ ¯ a b c ¯
¯ ¯ ¯ ¯
¯ x+u y+v z+w ¯ = 2¯ x y z ¯
¯ ¯ ¯ ¯
¯ u+a v+b w+c ¯ ¯ u v w ¯
Respuesta:
¯ ¯ ¯ ¯ ¯ ¯
¯ a+x b+y c+z ¯ ¯ a+x b+y c+z ¯ ¯ ¯
¯ ¯ F21 (−1) ¯ ¯ F32 (1) ¯ a + x b + y c + z ¯
¯ x+u y+v z+w ¯ ¯ u−a v−b w−c ¯ ¯ u−a v−b w−c ¯
¯ ¯ = ¯ ¯ = ¯ ¯
¯ u+a v+b w+c ¯ ¯ u+a v+b w+c ¯ ¯ 2u 2v 2w ¯
¯ ¯ ¯ ¯
¯ a+x b+y c+z ¯ ¯ ¯
F3 ( 12 ) ¯ ¯ F23 (−1) ¯ a + x b + y c + z ¯
¯
(2)· ¯ u − a v − b w − c ¯ ¯ ¯
2· ¯ −a −b −c ¯¯
= ¯ =
u v w ¯ ¯ u v w ¯
¯ ¯ ¯ ¯ ¯ ¯
F12 (1) ¯ x y z ¯ ¯ a b c ¯ ¯ a b c ¯
¯ ¯ F ¯ ¯ ¯ ¯
F2 (−1) 2 · (−1) ¯¯ a b c ¯¯ 12 (−1)·(−2) ¯¯ x y z ¯¯ = 2 ¯¯ x y z ¯¯
= ¯ u v w ¯ = ¯ u v w ¯ ¯ u v w ¯