GUIDE CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that project titled "Cruise Liners- A Case Study Of Placement Opportunity for
IHM Graduates” submitted towards partial fulfilment of the requirement for the course of the
Hotel & Hospitality administration degree of IGNOU -NCHMCT, Noida is a bonafide work
and original research work carried by respective students under my guidance and that no part of
this research or this study has been submitted earlier to this university or any other institute for
fulfillment of the requirement of any other degree or course of study.

( Gaurav ) (DATE)
Faculty
Institute Of Hotel Management, Shimla.

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PROPOSED CHAPTER SCHEME

Chapter 1: Introduction to cruise lines

Chapter 2: History and Origin of Cruise lines
Chapter 3: Some world Famous Cruises
Chapter 4: Getting on Board and lifestyle!
Chapter 5: Research Methodology
Chapter 6: Data Analysis and Interpretation
Chapter 7:Conclusion

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3
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We would like to take this opportunity to express our profound gratitude and deep regard to our
project guide, Mr. Gaurav for his exemplary guidance, valuable feedback and constant
encouragement throughout the duration of the project. His valuable suggestions were of
immense help throughout our project work. His perspective criticisms keep us working to make
this project in a much better way. Working and coordinating under him was an extremely
knowledgeable experience for all ofus.

We would also like to give our sincere gratitude to all the friends and colleagues who filed in
the survey without which this research would have been incomplete.

Last but not least, many thanks to the head of project, Mr. Rakesh Verma who has invested
his full effort in achieving the goal. We have to appreciate the guidance given by other
supervisor as well as the panel especially in our project presentation that has improved our
presentation skills. Thanks to their comments and advices.

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CHAPTER 1.INTRODUCTION TO CRUISE LINES

CRUISE: A FLOATING HOLIDAY RESORT

A cruise ship is like a large floating holiday resort. On board you can enjoy the luxury and
comfort of a star hotel and you can choose from different activities. Most cruise ships are
equipped with several restaurants, bars, casinos, swimming pools, Jacuzzi, spa, gym, shops,
theatre, cinema. Modern cruise ships are very well laid out, leaving much space. The interior
is tastefully decorated with an eye for detail and design. During your cruise vacation you will
be pampered by friendly and well trainedstaff.

A Wide Range Of Destinations

The Mediterranean cruise ship

You can take a cruise just about everywhere in the world. The most popular cruise
destinations are the Caribbean and the Mediterranean. In recent years, more and more
cruise passengers find their way to destinations such as Alaska, Northern Europe, the Middle
East and Asia. Each itinerary provides a range of destinations and during your cruise
vacation you will visit a different place every day. And yet you have to pack and unpack your
suitcase only once! Your hotel travels withyou.

Fascinating Excursions And Activities

Every day on board of a cruise ship you have a large choice from various activities. From
relaxation to sports. From culinary delights to top entertainment. During your time ashore

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you can enjoy fascinating excursions and trips. You can spend your time free yourself or book
shore excursions through the cruise line company.

Something For Everyone

Due to the increased popularity of cruises, there are now several cruise vacation
formulas. From chic and formal over casual to leisure and free style cruising. Cruise line
companies often use a mix of different formulas. A cruise is suitable for young, old,
couples, singles or families with children. So something foreveryone!

Types Of Cruise Ships

 MAINSTREAM CRUISESHIP
 MEGA CRUISESHIP
 OCEAN CRUISESHIP
 LUXURY CRUISESHIP
 SMALL CRUISESHIP
 ADVENTURE CRUISE SHIP
 EXPEDITION CRUISESHIP
 RIVER CRUISESHIP

Mainstream Cruise Ships

Holland American cruises

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The most common and type of cruise ship, marketed to suit the needs of the majority of
passengers, with all sorts of standard resort features.

Mega Cruise Ship

The beach house

A mega cruise ships are able to accommodate more than 5,000 persons, and they are currently
the largest and more sophisticated vessels in the world.

Ocean Cruise Ship

Oceania cruises

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Ocean cruise ships are built to the most exacting standards to withstand the harsh conditions of
ocean voyages in long and world cruises.

Luxury Cruise Ship

Viking Ocean cruise

Luxury cruise ships are equipped with the most sophisticated and technologically advanced
nautical systems, high standard features and luxurious comforts.

Small Cruise Ships

Sea dream cruise

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Cruise ships with a capacity up to a few hundred passengers onboard, offering more intimate
and relaxing experience in less familiar destinations

Adventure Cruise Ships

Silver sea cruise

Adventure cruise ships are designed and equipped to provide services that include visits of
remote destinations, most commonly inaccessible to larger vessels

Expedition Cruise Ships

Alaskan dream

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Specially designed ships, or adapted research or icebreaker vessels, operated by specialized
companies to offer their customers an exclusive experience in remote destinations

River Cruise Ship

Crystal river cruise

River cruise ships have a capacity for no more than a few hundred passengers, and are specially
designed to navigate rivers and inland waterway

Some World Famous Cruises

 Norwegian CruiseLine
 CelebrityCruises
 Carnival Cruise Line
 Royal CaribbeanInternational
 Oasis Of TheSeas
 Seven SeasExplorer
 CrystalCruises

Some Indian Cruises

 Sunder bans LuxuryCruise

 The Oberoi Motor Vessel VrindaCruise
 River Ganges HeritageCruise

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  M.V MahabaahuCruise
 LakshadweepCruise
 The Luxury Vrinda---A Luxury BackwaterCruise
 Goa CruiseDestination
 Costa Neo ClassicaCruise

Career Opportunities In The Cruise Industry

If you long to feel the cool ocean breeze and excitement of travelling to exotic destinations all
over the world, while still making a living, then the world aboard a cruise liner will be perfect
for you. In every port, in every country, there are cruise ships that are constantly looking for
eager individuals to hop on board and join the team in one of the many cruise employment
opportunities offered. Whether you want to enjoy the carefree life at sea a part of the hotel
staff or an instructor, or whether you are looking to further you career as a gourmet chef,
entertainer, cruise ship employment will be your best bet. The pay is great, the experience is
one of a kind, and, you get to travel for months at a time. If you are interested in making a
permanent career from working at sea as a sea captain, mate, able seaman, deckhand, oiler,
wiper, electrician, or engineer, cruise liner employment will offer you a more glamorous option
than working on an oil rig or containership.

Job Descriptions

Below are brief descriptions of various jobs available in the cruise industry:

Office Job
If you want to work in the cruise industry but do not want to have a nomadic lifestyle, you can
work in the headquarters of a cruise company. Employees of such companies get certain travel
benefits. Office experience can help you if you decide to get a job on a cruise ship later.
It is extremely difficult (but not impossible) for most non-US citizens to get office jobs in the
USA.

Entertainment Job
These positions deal with anything related to passenger entertainment and are the most popular
among job-seekers: host and hostesses, cruise directors and staff, disc jockeys, performers,

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swimming instructors, shore excursion staff. These positions are usually filled by native
Englishspeakers.

Service And Hospitality Jobs

These are positions in the restaurants, bars, passenger cabins and retail: waiters and waitresses
bar tenders, cabin stewardesses, cooks, bakers, cleaners, gift-shop assistants etc.

Personal Care Jobs

These employees deal with the spa facilities, beauty shops and health care: salon operators,
beauticians, medical staff, massage therapists and fitness instructors.

Deck And Engine Room Jobs

These departments are responsible for maintaining and running the ship.

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CHAPTER 2. HISTORY AND ORIGIN OF CRUISE LINES

HMS Victory in 1884

The tradition goes back more than a hundred years when passengers started booking travel on
mail ships crossing the Atlantic. These mail ships evolved into the grand ocean liners whose
names we still remember: Lusitania, Titanic, and Queen Mary. Now the cruise lines are always
competing to have the newest, the best, the biggest, and the most exciting ships at sea,
morphing them into massive floating resorts where the onboard experience is just as important
as the ports themselves, if not more.

The earliest ocean-going vessels were not primarily concerned with passengers, but rather with
the cargo that they could carry. Black Ball Line in New York, in 1988, was the first shipping
company to offer regularly scheduled service from the United States to England and to be
concerned with the comfort of their passengers. By the 1830s steamships were introduced and
mail transport. English companies dominated the market at the time, led by the British and
North American Royal Mail Steam Packet (later the Cunard Line). On July 4, 1840, Britannia,
the first ship under the Cunard name, left Liverpool with a cow on board to supply fresh milk
to the passengers on the 14-day translantic crossing. The advent of pleasure cruises is linked to
the year 1844, and a new industrybegan.

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During the 1850s and 1860s there was a dramatic improvement in the quality of the voyage for
passengers. Ships began to cater solely to passengers, rather than to cargo or mail contracts,
and added luxuries like electric lights, more deck space, and entertainment. In 1867, MarkTwin
was a passenger on the first cruise originating in America, documenting his adventures of the
six month trip in the book Innocents Abroad. The endorsement by the British Medical Journal
of sea voyages for curative purposes in the 1880s further encouraged the public to take
leisurely pleasure cruises as well as transatlantic travel. Ships also began to carry immigrants to
the United States in “steerage” class. In steerage, passengers were responsible for providing
their own food and slept in whatever space was available in thehold.

By the early 20th century the concept of the superliner was developed and Germany led the
market in the development of these massive and ornate floating hotels. The design of these
liners attempted to minimize the discomfort of ocean travel, masking the fact of weather as
much as possible through elegant accommodations and planned activities. The Mauritania and
the Lusitania, both owned by the Cunard Line of England, started the advertised the romance
of the voyage. Speed was still the deciding factor in the design of these ships. There was no
space large public rooms, and passengers were required to share the dining tables. The White
Star Line, owned by American financier J.P. Morgan, introduced the most luxurious passenger
ships ever seen in the Olympic ( complete with swimming pool and tennis court ) and Titanic.
Space and passengers, more stable liners. The sinking of the Titanic on its maiden voyage in
1912 devastated the White Star Line. In 1934, Cunard bought out White Star, the resulting
company name, Cunard White Star, is seen in the advertisements in thisproject.

World War I interrupted the building of new cruise ships, and many older liners were used as
troop transports. German super liners were given to both Great Britain and the United stated as
reparation at the end of the war. The years between 1920s and 1940s considered the most
glamorous years for transatlantic passenger ships. These ships catered to the rich and famous
who were seen enjoying luxurious setting on numerous newsreels viewed by the general
public. American tourists interested in visiting Europe replaced immigrant passengers.
Advertisements promoted the fashion of ocean travel, featuring the elegant food and on-board
activities.

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Cruise liners again were converted into troop carriers in World War II, and all transatlantic
cruising ceased until after the war. European lines the reaped the benefits of transporting
refugees to America and Canada, and business travelers and tourist to Europe. The lack of
American ocean liners at this time, and thus the loss of profits, spurred the U.S. government to
subsidize the building of luxurious amenities, ships were designed according to specifications
for possible conversion into troop carriers. Increasing air travel and the first non-stop flight to
Europe in 1958, however, marked the ending of transatlantic business for ocean liners went
bankrupt from the lack of business.

The 1960s witnessed the beginnings of the modern cruises industry. Cruise ship the modern
cruise industry. Cruise ship companies concentrated on vacation trips in the Caribbean, and
created a “fun ship” image which attracted many passengers who would have never had the
opportunity to travel on the super liners of the 1930s and 1940s. cruise ships concentrated on
creating a casual environment and providing a extensive on board entertainment. There was a
decrease in the role of ships for transporting people to particular destination, rather the
emphasis was on the voyage itself. The new cruise line image was solidified with the
popularity of the TV series “The Love Boat” which from 1977until1986.

Timeline Of The Evolution Of The Cruise Ship:

1840: First Transatlantic Cruise

When Cunard started carrying mail across the Atlantic on steamships, the company didn’t
know it was starting a whole new industry. A record number of passengers lined up for the
crossings from England to New York, not because the boats themselves were that spectacular
but because they were faster than previous vessels. Those paying customers came to expect
more creature comforts than the crew, of course, so the on-board amenities got an overhaul,
including the addition of a cow to provide freshmilk.

1900: First Cruise Ship

The first dedicated cruise ships set sail in 1900 but it was a short-lived experiment. Named for
Kaiser Wilhelm ii’s daughter, the prinzessin Victoria luise from Germany’s HAPAG line
cruised the west indies and the Mediterranean. The Prinzessin was not actually a ship, but a
grand yacht with 120 first class cabin plus a library and dark room. At the more than407 feet, it

15
was also longer than the Kaiser’sown yacht, much to his irritation. The boat unfortunately ran
aground in 1906.

Prinzessin Victoria luise from Germany

1912: First Ultra Luxury Ocean Liner

The first over-the-top luxury ship set off on its maiden voyage on April 10, 1912 with new
features like a shipboard swimming pool, a la carte dining, a Parisian café, and a Turkish bath.
Competition between the lines had become fierce, and the White Star Line sought to challenge
Cunard, whose ships the Mauritania and Lusitania held the record for fastest Atlantic
crossings. The Titanic and her sister Olympic trumped them in size and lavish amenities (at
least in first class), even featuring running hot water in some of its cabins. Of course, we all
know how thatended.

Grace Line’s Ss Santa Rosa

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1958: First Surge In Caribbean Cruises
The modern cruise era was born when the first passenger jet took off from London heading to
New York, causing a sharp decline in the popularity of transatlantic cruising. Air travel was not
only much faster, but also took on the glamour and prestige that had formerly been associated
with ocean liners.

Princess-patrica
1965: First AffordableCruises
The 1960s saw the founding of the first of the modern powerhouse cruise companies, bringing
down prices through competition. Princess was born in 1965, offering the first short,
reasonably priced cruises on its Princess Pat, which sailed from California and down along the
Mexican coastline. Norwegian Cruise Line went into business in 1966 providing the first
budget Caribbean cruises on its Sunward and soon became the first cruise company offering
packages including low-cost airfare. The Royal Caribbean Cruise Line debuted with the 724-
passenger Song of Norway in 1970. Finally, Carnival opened in 1972, instituting their “Fun
Ships” and quickly becoming a behemoth, absorbing nearly a dozen other lines including
Cunard, Holland America, andSeabourn.

Song of Norway 1970

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 1996: First Cruise Line With A Private Island
Disney Cruise Line purchased the small Bahamian island of Gorda Cay and
rechristened it Castaway Cay, spending more than a year expanding the beaches and
installing a dock big enough for the line’s megaships. They have been continually
updating it ever since and in the summer of 2010 will debut a new waterslide platform,
an expanded stingray habitat, and 20 new beach cabanas. And of course, this being
Disney, the ship from the Pirates of the Caribbean movies is moored offshore. Holland
America, Princess, Norwegian, and Royal Caribbean all followed suit and snapped up
their own private islands in the Bahamas. Royal Caribbean actually has a second island,
Labadee, off the coast of Hispaniola.

1999: First Skating Rink

Royal Caribbean debuted the first shipboard ice-skating rink on the 3,114-
passenger Voyager of the Seasand ushered in the amenities war. Cruise lines continue
to one-up each other with more and more outrageous forms of onboard entertainment
like surf simulators and intricate waterslides. In 2003, Royal Caribbean was the first to
add rock-climbing walls. In 2006, NCL installed bowling alleys on its Norwegian Pearl.
In 2008, Celebrity was the first to feature 15,00 square feet of lawn space on Solstice.
Launched in late 2009, Royal Caribbean’s Oasis of the Seas became the biggest ship
ever built with a capacity of 5,400 passengers, offering a zip-line, a park with outdoor
cafes, the first onboard carousel in its Coney-Island inspired boardwalk, and
performances of the Broadway showHairspray.

2015: First Look Into The Future ….And Past

2015 is a bit of an odd year for new cruise ships. Of the just seven oceangoing ships
debuting this year, two are German, one is French, and one is British. Of the remainder,
Royal Caribbean’s Anthem of the Seas is practically a carbon copy of sister Quantum,
Norwegian Escape is a supersized version of its Breakaway-class siblings, and Viking Star
takes some of the river ship hallmarks of Viking River Cruises and brings them to the
ocean.
The varied roster of new-builds is still exciting, with plenty of “first ever” and
“largest in fleet” designations. Britannia will be the biggest ship ever built for P&O
CruisesandtheBritishcruisemarket;AIDAprimawillbethelargestintheGermanline’s

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fleet. Norwegian Escape will have the line’s biggest casino and highest number of Studio
and Haven cabins. If you love a new ship — and we certainly do! — it’s time to get hyped
for the 2015 lineup.

The Last Few Years…

Looking back over the last five years… Nine lines are launching new ships (all ordered
before the recession). NCL is debuting the Epic, which will offer the first studio cabins for
people traveling alone-without the onerous single-supplement fare add-on. The ship will
also have the Epic Plunge (a 7-deck tube waterslide), 20 restaurants, and an Ice Bar made
of, yes, ice. Seabourn will debut the Sea Cloud Hussar, the largest masted sailing ship in the
world. Cunard’s Queen Elizabeth will bring back the Art Deco décor of the grand old
passenger ships of the 1920s to the 1940s. Princess, too, is returning to the nostalgia of the
grand passenger lines, offering Bon Voyage parties. For four hours before the ship’s
departure, passengers can bring friends and family on board for a tour and lunch.

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CHAPTER 3.SOME WORLD FAMOUS CRUISES

The moment you step aboard a luxury cruise ship, a hostess is at your arm proffering a glass of
bubbly while a capable room steward offers to heft your carry-on as he escorts you to what will
be your home-away-from-home for the next few days. You stow your things (likely in a walk-
in closet) and then emerge from your suite to get the lay of the ship. As you walk the decks,
friendly crew members greet you ... by name. How can that be? You just set foot onboard.
First-class, personalized service is just one of the hallmarks of luxury cruise lines. You can also
expect exotic itineraries, varying degrees of inclusivity in pricing, fine wines and gourmet
cuisine as well as universally high crew-to-passenger ratios. That being the case, you might
think any old luxury cruise ship will do, but that's not quite true. Like people, cruise ships have
their own unique personalities -- and some will be more suited to your vacation style than
others.

NORWEGIAN CRUISE LINE

Norwegian Gem & Escape Cruise ship

Norwegian cruise in Line (NCL), also known in short as Norwegian, is a cruise line founded in
1966 and based in the United States. It is the third-largest cruise line in the world, controlling
approximately 8.7% of the total worldwide share of the cruise market by passengers as of
2018. It is wholly owned by parent company Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings. he cruise line
was founded as Norwegian Caribbean Line in 1966 by Knut Kloster and Ted Arison, with the
8,666-ton, 140m cruise ship/car ferry, Sunward, which in 1966 operated as a car-ferry between
Southampton UK and Gibraltar, for that one, short season only. Arison soon left to form
CarnivalCruiseLines,whileKlosteracquiredadditionalshipsforCaribbeanservice.

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Norwegian pioneered many firsts in the cruise industry like: the first Out Island Cruise, the first
combined air-sea program (marketed as "Cloud 9 Cruises") which combined low cost air fares
with the cruise, first ship line to develop new ports in the Caribbean, like Ocho Rios in
Jamaica. Like the original Sunward of 1966, Norwegians’ second ship, the Starward had the
capability to carry automobiles through a well concealed stern door. Later, this area was turned
into cabins and a two deck movie theater, which is now a casino. Norwegian was responsible
for many of the cruise innovations that have now become standard throughout theindustry.

Norway Arriving At Southampton

Norwegian made headlines with the acquisition of the France in 1979, rebuilding the liner as a
cruise ship and renaming her Norway.The conversion cost more than US$100 million. The
Norway was at the time significantly larger than any existing cruise ship, and exploited the
extra space available by adding a greater than usual variety of onboard entertainment. Her
success paved the way for a new era of giant cruise ships. A boiler explosion in May 2003
forced Norwegian to withdraw the Norway from service, later being laid up in Bremerhaven,
Germany until 2005 when she was towed to Port Klang Malaysia with the claimed intent to use
her as an anchored casino or slow overnight casino cruises on her remaining boilers. Instead,
she was sold for scrap and renamed the SS Blue Lady and later beached at Alang, Gujarat,
India in August 2006 with claims that she had not been cleaned of toxic materials. On
September 11, 2007, the India Supreme Court issued an order permitting her to be broken-up at
Alang, despite the presence of large amounts of hazardous asbestos remaining onboard.

Norwegian has expanded to other parts of the world, including Alaska, Europe, Bermuda, and
Hawaii. Between 1997 and 2001 the company also operated cruises out of Australia under the
name Norwegian Capricorn Line.

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 SS Norway arriving at southampton

Initial public offering and reorganisation

Following an initial public offering and corporate reorganisation in 2013, Norwegian was made
a wholly owned subsidiary of Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings(NCLH), while Norwegian's
previous owners Getting Hong Kong, Apollo Management and TPG Capital exchanged their
stakes in Norwegian for shares in the newly listed NCLH.

On 11 March 2014, Norwegian announced that it was cancelling all future port calls in Tunisia
following an incident where the country forbade Israeli nationals from disembarking.

In December 2016, it was announced that Norwegian Cruise Line has reached an agreement
with the Cuban government. In May 2017, the Norwegian Sky was the first Norwegian vessel
to ever visit Cuba.The Norwegian Sky makes weekly trips from Miami to Havana, Cuba,
making Norwegian the only line sailing that routeweekly.

On May 2, 2017, Norwegian Cruise Line announced a new PortMiami Terminal. The
construction began on May 1, 2018, and is scheduled for completion by fall 2019. Between
2022 and 2025 Fincantieri will deliver four ships and in July 2018, the company announced an
order for two more ships of Leonardo Class. They are expected to enter service in 2026 and
2027 In December 2018, Norwegian revealed plans to build a new pier in Alaska's Icy
StraitPoint.

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Celebrity Cruises

Wave season

Celebrity Cruises is a cruise line which was founded in 1988 by the Greece-based
ChandrisGroup. In 1997, Celebrity Cruises Ltd. merged with Royal Caribbean Cruise Lineto
form Royal Caribbean Cruises Ltd., and has been a wholly owned subsidiary of the latter since
then. The company has its headquarters in Miami, Florida. Common features on board
Celebrity brand ships feature aft-glass dining rooms, formal foyer areas, alternative dining
venues, balcony and suite staterooms, pools and lounging areas, bars and lounges, libraries,
spas and gyms, and relaxation areas. Celebrity's signature logo is an "Χ" displayed on the
funnel of Celebrity ships, and is the Greek letter chi, for Celebrity Cruises was founded in April
1988 as a subsidiary of the Greece-based Chandris Groupto operate up market cruise ships to
Bermuda.Chandris had been involved in cruise traffic since the 1960s, and during the late
1980s the company operated in the United States market under the brand name Chandris
Cruises. Chandris Fantasy Cruises targeted the lower end of the cruise passenger market, with
fleets consisting of second-hand ocean liners. Celebrity Cruises came into existence when, in
April 1988, Home Lines, at the time one of the world's leading premium cruise lines, was sold
to Holland America Line. Home Lines' ships had held two of the five contracts offered by the
Government of Bermuda to cruise lines, giving the ships priority berthing arrangement and
unlimited access of sail to the islands in exchange for the ships sailing to Bermuda between
April and October each year. Although these contracts were highly valued, HollandAmerica

23
Line decided to withdraw the former Home Lines ships from this service, leaving an opening
for two new ships to gain access. Chandris wanted to acquire the contracts, but the Government
of Bermuda was only willing to award them to up market cruise lines, which Chandris Fantasy
Cruises was not.

In order to gain the Bermuda Government contracts, Chandris created Celebrity Cruises and
immediately began negotiating with the Bermuda Government in April 1988. As a result of the
negotiations, Celebrity Cruises was awarded the contract for two ships for a five-year period
beginning in 1990 In order to fulfill the contract, Chandris Fantasy Cruises' Galileo was rebuilt
at Lloyd Werft, Germany in 1989, re-entering service as Meridianfor Celebrity Cruises in
February 1990. As the second ship Horizon, that had been ordered in 1988 as a replacement for
Amerikanis in the Chandris Fantasy fleet, was transferred to Celebrity Cruises fleet, entering
service in May 1990. In late 1990 Celebrity Cruises placed an order for a sister ship of the
Horizon, delivered in 1992 as Zenith.

Merger With Royal Caribbean

Millennium, the led ship in the Millennium-class ship,

renamed celebrity millennium in 2018

Millennium, the lead ship in the Millennium-class ship, renamed Celebrity Millennium in2008

In 1997, the Chandris family sold their interests in Celebrity Cruises to Royal Caribbean
CruiseLine, leading to the formation of Royal Caribbean Cruises Ltd. as a holding company to
keep both brands separate, and the renaming of Royal Caribbean Cruise Line to Royal
CaribbeanInternational. During the same year Celebrity Cruises took delivery of the first
Century class vessel, Century,that was followed by Galaxyin 1996 and Mercuryin 1997.
Following the delivery of the Mercury, the Meridian was sold to Singapore-based Sun Cruises.
Between2000

24
and 2002 Celebrity took delivery of a quartet of new ships, the gas turbine-powered and aptly
named Millennium class ships Millennium, Infinity, Summit and Constellation The Celebrity
Expeditions sub-brand was launched in 2001 with the acquisition of Celebrity Expedition, a
small boutique ship offering specialized cruises around the Galápagos Islands. In 2005, the
Horizon was transferred to the fleet Royal Caribbean's United Kingdom-based subsidiary
Island Cruises. In the same year, the first ship of what was to be named Solstice class was
ordered from Meyer Werft By 2007; three more ships of this class were onorder.

In 2006, plans were made to transfer Blue Moon and Blue Dream from the fleet of
PullmanturCruises to Celebrity Cruises under the names of Celebrity Quest and Celebrity
Journey. The ships would have joined the Celebrity Expeditions sub-brand, but in the end the
decision was made to form an entirely new line, Azamara Cruises, to operate these ships in
2007. Also in 2007 the Zenith was transferred to Pullmantur Cruises 'in exchange' for the
Azamara ships. Transfer of the Zenith also meant the end of Celebrity Cruises' association with
Bermuda for the time being, as no ship was brought in to replace her on the cruises to Bermuda
In April 2010, The Celebrity Summit reposition yearly to New Jersey and offers cruises to
Bermuda. Celebrity Cruises announced on October 11, 2017, that it will perform legal same-
sexmarriageson its ships while in international waters following the legalization of same-
sexmarriage in Malta, where most of the Celebrity fleet is registered. The company already
hosted same-sex marriages while docked in jurisdictions where they are legal, but the change in
Maltese law allowed the company's captains to perform legally recognized marriages while in
internationalwaters.InJuly2018,thecompanyannounceditsintentiontoinvestmorethan
$500 million to refurbish all ships in the company's fleet.

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Carnival Cruise Line

Carnival Cruise Line is an international cruise line with headquarters in Doral, Florida. Its logo
is the funnel found on its ships, which is red, white and blue, and shaped like a whale's tail.
Currently, Carnival is the largest cruise line in the world, based on passengers carried annually,
annual revenue, and total number of ships in fleet.

Carnival Magic cruise ship

Company Structure

Carnival Cruise Line was founded in 1972 by Ted Arison. To finance the venture, Arison
turned to his friend Meshulam Riklis, who owned Boston-based American International Travel
Service (AITS). Arison and Riklis set up the new company as a subsidiary of AITS. AITS was
to market and promote the new venture. In 1974, due to regulatory issues, Riklis sold AITS's
interest in the company to Arison for $1, but subject to Arison taking over the substantial
company debts. The split enabled Arison to enter into new relationships with independent
travel agents. He also promoted his cruises to fun-loving younger people. The format was very
successful financially until 1975, the line consisted of only one ship, the Mardi Gras. In 1975
another ship was acquired the Carnival. In 1996, Carnival Destiny of 101,000 GT became the
largest passenger ship in the world at the time and first to exceed 100,000tons.

26
In 2001, Robert H. Dickinson, then President and CTC, participated in a BBC documentary,
Back to the Floor. Dickinson went to work at the lowest crew levels on the MS Imagination in
the Caribbean, where he shadowed a Romanian cleaner, Alina In 2004, Carnival Corporation
ordered for a development program for Carnival's new ships, the Pinnacle Project, calling for a
200,000 GT prototype, which would have been the world's largest cruise ship at the time. The
ship was cancelled and after that they came up with a project called Next Generation.

Economic Impact

In 2016, Carnival extended their contract with Port Everglades cruise port to 2030. The port
began a $54 million renovation in anticipation of the deal. The agreement brings in an
estimated 4,780 local jobs and over $200 million in personal income. In 2018, Carnival
brought the Carnival Fantasy to Mobile, Alabama. Economists anticipate an increase in tourism
to Mobile and revenue at an estimated $35 million.

Influence On The Caribbean

In 2018, the Caribbean region is the most popular cruise destination. Cruise tourism brings
$7.4 billion to the State of Florida. Carnival's presence in Florida benefits the
MiamiInternational Airport,Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport, and Palm
BeachInternational Airport. Recent studies demonstrated the increase in jobs to the region
mentioned impact to the hotel industry,Rodeway Inn & SuitesFort Lauderdale Airport and Port
Everglades Cruiseport hotel, and impact to advertising agencies and other businesses. Food
processors, electrical and nonelectrical machinery manufacturers are the next most influenced
industries in the area by the expansion of Carnival's presence.

Carnival Ecstasy Docked In New Orleans

In the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina, three of the Carnival cruise ships were chartered by the
United States government for six months to serve as temporary housing until the houses can be
rebuilt. After being chartered for six months, their planned voyages were cancelled, and
passengers were refunded. Holidaywas originally docked in Mobile, Alabama, and later
Pascagoula, Mississippi, and Ecstasy and Sensation were docked at New Orleans, Louisiana.
The six-month contract cost $236 million. The contract was widely criticized, because the

27
vessels were never fully utilized, and Carnival received more money than it would have earned
by using the ships in their normal rotation.

Carnival Ecstasy docked in New Oreland

Controversies

The company has reportedly been paying wages under $1.50 per hour to employees with low-
to-nonexistent benefits, such as holidays or minimal vacations. Monthly salaries of the high-
paid workers are around $1,300. Employees report strenuous working conditions such as 14-
hour shifts with no days off. Retirement benefits were revoked in October 2013.

Royal Caribbean International

Royal Caribbean International (RCI), also known by its former name Royal Caribbean Cruise
Line, is a cruise line brand founded in Norway and based in Miami, Florida, United States. It
was founded in 1968 in Norway,and has been organized as a wholly owned subsidiary of Royal
Caribbean Cruises Ltd. since 1997. It is one of the largest cruise lines in the world; in 2018,
Royal Caribbean International controlled 19.2% of the worldwide cruise market by
passengersand14.0%byrevenue.[3]Italsooperatesmanyoftheworld'slargestships;asof

28
May 2018, the line operates twenty-five ships, including the four largest ships in the world, and
has five additional ships on order. Company and brand history

Royal Caribbean's First Ship, Song Of Norway

Royal Caribbean Cruise Line was founded in 1968 by three Norwegian shipping companies:
Anders Wilhelmsen & Company, I.M. Skaugen & Company, and Gotaas Larsen. The newly
created line put its first ship, the Song of Norway, into service two years later. A year later, the
line added the Nordic Prince to the fleet and in 1972 it added the Sun Viking. In 1978, Song of
Norway became Royal Caribbean's first passenger ship to be lengthened. This was
accomplished via the insertion of an 85-foot (26 m) section to the vessel's severed center.
Following the success of this work, Nordic Prince was also stretched in 1980. During the
stretching on both ships, their sterns were modified. However the Sun Viking was not stretched
or modified and remained the same size and shape. Royal Caribbean received widespread
global recognition when in 1982 it launched the Song of America, over twice the size of Sun
Viking and at the time the third largest passenger vessel afloat (after the Norway and
QueenElizabeth 2).

Reorganization And Formation Of Royal Caribbean Cruises Ltd.

In 1997, it merged with the Greekcruise line Celebrity Cruisesand changed its name from
Royal Caribbean Cruise Line to Royal Caribbean International. The next year marked a
transition to a more "strictly modern line", when the last of the company's older vessels, Song
of America and Sun Viking, were retired. In 1998, Vision of the Seas came into service, the
last of the Vision-classships.

29
In 1999, the Voyager of the Seas, the line's newest and world's largest cruise shipentered
service with much attention from the news media. Two years later, the line took delivery of a
second Voyager-class ship, Explorer of the Seas, and the first of a new Radiance class of more
environmentally friendly[clarification needed] cruise liners, Radiance of the Seas.

In 2000, Royal Caribbean operated a series of land-and-sea-based "cruise tours" in Alaska,

featuring glass-domed train cars to scenic destinations within the state and Canada. Over the
next two years, they also introduced cruise tours to destinations throughout Europe.

The Voyager-class Navigator of the Seas and the Radiance-class Brilliance of the Seas were
put into service in 2002. Mariner of the Seas and Serenade of the Seas, another pair of Voyager
and Radiance-class ships, were introduced the next year, and rock-climbing walls were made a
feature of every Royal Caribbean ship that year. A fourth Radiance-class ship, Jewel of
theSeas, followed in 2004, and the line's Nordic Empress was reconditioned and re-christened
as Empress of the Seas,which was later sold to Pullmantur Cruisesin 2008. In 2005,
Enchantment of the Seas underwent a massive renovation including enlarging the ship with a
74-foot (23 m)midsection.

Royal Caribbean’s third ship, sun Viking

Current Fleet

All ships under Royal Caribbean have names ending with the phrase "of the Seas", a theme that
began in 1987 with Sovereign of the Seas which was delivered that same year.

30
Empress Class

The Empress class is a single-ship class consisting solely of Empress of the Seas. The ship was
originally a new build ordered by Admiral Cruises and slated to enter service as Future Seas,
but became part of the Royal Caribbean fleet when Admiral Cruises merged with Royal
Caribbean in 1988, while it was still under construction. The ship was eventually completed in
1990 as Nordic Empress, and was renamed Empress of the Seas in 2004. It was transferred to
Pullmantur Cruises in 2008[22]as Empress and served there until 2016, when it was transferred
back to Royal Caribbean and refitted to continue service with its earlier owner as Empress of
the Seas again.

Royal Promenade

The Voyager-class, Freedom-class, and Oasis-class ships feature the Royal Promenade,
acenterline promenade in a long multi-deck atrium featuring a pedestrian mall with shops and
restaurants. At night, the promenades are used as entertainment venues, hosting dance
partiesand parades. The upper levels on the Royal Promenade are home to "Promenade
Staterooms" that feature a window overlooking the promenade. The Royal Promenades on the
Voyager- class and Freedom-class ships are 390 feet (118.9 m) and 400 feet (121.9 m) long,
respectively, and are 4 decks high. The Royal Promenades on the Oasis-class ships are only 3
decks high but are twice as wide and feature a mezzanine level The Quantum class does not
feature a Royal Promenade, but instead features a 2-deck-high "Royal Esplanade" shopping
area that does not have any overlooking cabins

Economic Impact

Cruise operators represent a large percentage of business and expenses at homeports and ports-
of-call. With large crew and passenger populations per trip, expenses at homeports can be
difficult to track and are generally underestimated. According to the Florida-Caribbean Cruise
Association, during the 2005-2006 cruise years, passengers spent approximately $98.01 per
person at the port-of-call, and crew members spent approximately $74.56 per person per port-
of-call. Each new ship represents a large economic impact and investment of US dollars.
Adding approximately $66 billion per ship..

31
Oasis Of The Seas

Oasis of the sea Deck-Plan

Oasis of the Seas is an Oasis-class cruise ship owned by Royal Caribbean International. Her
hull was laid down in November 2007 and she was completed and delivered to Royal
Caribbean in October 2009. At the time of construction, Oasis of the Seas set a new capacity
record of carrying over 6,000 passengers. The first of her class, she was joined by sister ships
Allure of the Seas in December 2010, Harmony of the Seas in May 2016, and Symphony of
theSeas in April 2018. Oasis of the Seas conducts cruises of the Caribbean from her home port
of Port Canaveral in Cape Canaveral,Florida

Oasis of the Seas surpassed the Freedom-class cruise ships (also owned by Royal Caribbean) to
become the largest cruise ship in the world at that time. She was herself surpassed by her sister
ship Allure of the Seas, which is 50 millimeters (2.0 in) longer, although this may have been
caused by ambient temperature differences at the times the measurements were made. In May
2016, her second sister ship Harmony of the Seas became the new record holder with a length
of 362.12 meters (1,188.1 ft) The vessel was ordered in February 2006 and designed under the
name "Project Genesis" Her keel was laid down on 12 November 2007 by STX Europe
TurkuShipyard, Finland. The company announced that full funding for Oasis of the Seas was
secured on 15 April 2009.

32
The name Oasis of the Seas resulted from a competition held in May 2008. During the first
float-out of the vessel the tugboats that were pulling the ship from its dock failed to control the
ship, resulting in the port side of the ship hittingthe dock. This resulted in some cosmetic
damage and minor damage to the hull, which was repaired and did not affect the final delivery
date of the vessel.

Proceeding through the English Channel,Oasis stopped briefly in the Solentso that 300
shipyard workers who were on board doing finishing work could disembark, then left on the
way to her intended home port of Port Evergladesin Fort Lauderdale, Florida.[22]The ship
arrived there on 13 November 2009, where tropical plants were installed prior to some
introductory trips and her maiden voyage on 5 December 2009.

The gross tonnage of Oasis of the Seas is 225,282. Her displacement—the actual mass of the
vessel—is estimated at approximately 100,000 metric tons (110,000 short tons), slightly less
than that of an American Nimitz-classaircraft carrier. To keep the ship stable without
increasing the draft excessively, the designers created a wide hull; 9.3 meters (31 ft) of the ship
sits beneath the water, a small percentage of the ship's overall height. Wide, shallow ships such
as this tend to be "snappy", meaning that they can snap back upright after a wave has passed,
which can be uncomfortable. This effect, however, is mitigated by the vessel's large size. The
cruise ship's officers were pleased with the ship's stability and performance during the
transatlantic crossing, when the vessel, in order to allow finishing work to go on, slowed and
changed course in the face of winds "almost up to hurricane force" and seas in excess of 12
meters.

The ship's power comes from six medium speed marine diesel generating sets: three 16-
cylinder Wärtsilä 16V46D common rail engines producing 18,860 kilowatts (25,290 hp) each
and three similar 12-cylinder Wärtsilä 12V46 engines producing 13,860 kilowatts (18,590 hp)
each. The fuel consumption of the main engines at full power is 1,377 US gallons (5,210 l;
1,147 imp gal) of fuel oil per engine per hour for the 16-cylinder engines and 1,033 US gallons
(3,910 l; 860 imp gal) per engine per hour for the 12-cylinder engines. The total output of these
prime movers,some 97,020 kilowatts (130,110 hp), is converted to electricity, used in hotel
power for operation of the lights, elevators, electronics, galleys, water treatment plant, and all
of the other systems used on the operation of the vessel, as well as propulsion. Propulsion is
provided by three 20,000-kilowatt (26,800 hp) Azipods, ABB'sbrand of electric
azimuththrusters. These pods, suspended under the stern, contain electric motors driving 20-
foot (6m)

33
propellers. Because they are rotatable, no rudders are needed to steer the ship. Docking is
assisted by four 5,500-kilowatt (7,380 hp) transversebow thrusters.

Additional power comes from solar panels fitted by BAM Energy Group, which provide
energy for lighting in the promenade and central park areas. The installation cost US$750,000
and covers 1,950 square meters (21,000 sq ft) on deck 19. The ship carries 18 lifeboats that
hold 370 people each, for a total of 6,660 people. Inflatable life rafts provide for additional
passengers and crew.

Facilities

The ship features a zip-line, a casino, a miniature golf course, multiple night clubs, several bars
and lounges, a karaoke club, comedy club, five swimming pools, volleyball and basketball
courts, and youth zones and nurseries for children. Many of the ship's interiors were
extensively decorated by muralist ClarissaParish.

Naming Ceremony And Launch Party

The ship was formally named on 30 November 2009 during a charity sailing for Make-A-
WishFoundation.At this ceremony the ship was sponsored by seven "godmothers", each
representing one of the seven neighborhoods on board. Her godmothers are Gloria Estefan,
Michelle Kwan,Dara Torres,Keshia Knight Pulliam, Shawn Johnson, Jane Seymourand
DaisyFuentes.

Seven Seas Explorer, Regent Seven Seas About The Ship:

Regent seven seas cruise, 2019

34
When luxury cruise line Regent Seven Seas Cruises launched the palatial Seven Seas Explorer
in July 2016, it told the world that she was the "most luxurious ship ever built." As the flagship
for the line, Explorer exemplifies the hallmarks of exquisite cuisine and the super all-
inclusivity that Regent is known for. If you're looking for extraordinary accommodations at
sea, look no further than this ship. All cabins are suites, and if you love balconies, Seven Seas
Explorer features some of the largest in the industry, ranging from 55 to 995 square feet. (Some
apartment-dwellers in Manhattan don't have that kind of space!) Likewise, the public spaces
arestunning..

For foodies, all you need to know is that each restaurant excels. The two main restaurants are
Compass Rose and La Veranda/Sette Mari. La Veranda is the buffet option for breakfast and
lunch, and then the space transforms to Sette Mari in the evening, offering a hybrid experience
that includes a buffet as well as an a la carte menu. There are also three complimentary
specialty restaurants: the Pan-Asian-style Pacific Rim; Chartreuse, which has a French flair;
and the line's signature steakhouse, Prime7.

About The Cruise Line

When it comes to pampering, you can't do better than the completely all-inclusive nature of a
cruise aboard Regent Seven Seas. The fare includes business-class intercontinental flights for
all U.S. passengers, as well as premium alcohol, wine, spirits, beer, soda, water and sports
drinks plus all dining (with at least one meal at every specialty restaurant onboard), unlimited
Wi-Fi, unlimited shore excursions (though there is also a list of upgraded tours with a la carte
pricing) and gratuities. Throw in use of the ship's thermal suite -- even if you don't have a spa
treatment booked -- and the list of inclusions is impressive, making for a stress-free, chit-free
vacation.as Cruises.

nCrystal Serenity, Crystal Cruises.

Cambridge bay crystal cruise

35
About The Ship:

Crystal Serenity offers a solid enrichment program that regularly hosts well-known authors,
politicians and other experts and luminaries (think NASA astronaut Captain Scott Kelly and
U.S. Marine Corps General (Ret.) Anthony Zinni) as guest speakers. American Contract Bridge
League instruction is available on all sailings, and many tournaments take place throughout the
year. PGA golf pros are also onboard many sailings to share their expertise. Travelers get the
sense that Crystal Cruises will do all it can to provide access to the most interesting and
knowledgeable people in the world.

Dining is also an area that excels aboard Crystal Serenity. The main dining venue, the Crystal
Dining Room, is elegant yet comfortable and is open for breakfast, lunch and dinner. There are
two specialty restaurants: Silk Road (with the Sushi Bar located within) and Prego. Chef Nobu

Matsuhisa is the culinary mind behind Silk Road, and its Asian-fusion menu and sushi keep
cruisers coming back for more.

About The Cruise Line:

Despite the fact that Crystal Cruises is currently expanding into the river cruise and yacht
sectors, the company still places great emphasis on its oceangoing ships. Crystal Symphony
receive a massive refurbishment in 2017 and Crystal Serenity will get a similar makeover in
fall2018.

Who Sails This Ship:

Crystal Cruises feels more formal than the other luxury cruise lines (though it has relaxed its
dress code policy in recent years). Even so, Crystal still attracts a crowd of retirees and older
professionals. You will sometimes see families with children on this line; as far as luxury lines
go, it's a popular option for grandparents traveling with grandchildren as well as
multigenerational gatherings. North American passengers are the norm, though you'll often
meet Australians and Brits on the line as well, and sometimes a few people from other
European countries.

Other Ships in the Fleet:

Crystal Symphony is a bit smaller than Serenity, accommodating 848 cruisers, and the ship
strives to make vacations memorable with touches like its renowned on-deck jazz brunch. The

36
line also sails Crystal Esprit, a 62-passenger yacht.

Riviera, Oceania Cruises

Passenger-to-Crew Ratio: 1,250 to 800

About The Ship:

Riviera is known for its myriad dining venues, including complimentary specialty restaurants.
Dining venues include the Grand Dining Room and other favorites like Jacques, a French
bistro with menus designed by famed chef Jacques Pepin; Polo Grill, a refined steakhouse
serving USDA prime and dry-aged beef; the Italian restaurant Toscana, where tables are set
with custom-designed Versace china; and Red Ginger, which serves Asian classics. Two very
special, intimate dining options are also offered for a fee. Each evening, 24 passengers can
enjoy a seven-course meal at La Reserve by "Wine Spectator." As you can imagine, the wine
pairings are of special note there. Three menus are available, starting at $95 per person. Privee
is an even more exclusive option and can be reserved for up to 10 people for a fee of $250 per
evening. Dinner from either Polo Grill or Toscana is included in the price, but wine isnot..

About The Cruise Line:

Oceania Cruises' pricing structure is more a la carte than all-inclusive, but its offerings in
terms of accommodations, itineraries and dining venues means that it must bementioned

37
alongside the luxury lines discussed above. Oceania's OLife promotions on select itineraries
level the cruise-fare field with offerings such as free airfare from certain gateways and a choice
of perks such as complimentary shore excursions, House Beverage Package and/or shipboard
credit. The line now offers free Wi-Fi to all passengers.

Who Sails This Ship:

Expect to see a 65+ crowd on Riviera with the exception of its shorter voyages, which draw
younger vacationing professionals. Most cruisers are American or Canadian but you will
encounter some Australians, Brits and travelers from other European countries. You won't find
many families sailing except on holiday or summertime itineraries, or in Alaska where the line
offers the Alaska Explorer Youth Program.

This is the ship for anyone wishing to book a suite: There are 147 of them in various
configurations, in addition to 478 non-suite staterooms. If you do want a suite, book as soon as
you can because they sell out fast.

38
CHAPTER 4:- GETTING ON BOARD AND LIFESTYLE!

Careers in cruise ships are among the most sought after jobs by hospitality students. The
industry provides decent pay and enables its employees to travel all over the world. However,
working on a cruise ship isn’t for everyone. Although the glamour of getting paid to travel
entices many to apply, the reality of the challenges to work on a cruise ship may be too much
for some to handle.

The steps followed for Hiring of new employees for cruise lines is known as Ship Board Gap
Pool Process. The main steps are asfollows:

Step-1: Submit YourApplication

Required Documents-

 Completed job postingapplication

 Resume (CV) andapplication

39
 Copy of your lastevaluation
 Copies of all formssubmitted
 Make sure to review Jobposting

Additional Documents-

 Copies of relevant Academic Certificates or other Certification

 Copies of TrainingRecords

Pre-screening (HR Representative)-

 Reviews Crew Member file forwarning

 Assess application to match jobdescription

 Provide Feedback to Crew Member- Reviews nextsteps

Step-2: Interviews

Interview (HR Representative & Department Manager)-

 Conduct interviews to access Background Knowledge & Relevant Experience/ Job

Quality/ Environmental & Safety Awareness according to positionstandards.

 Provide feedback to crewmember

40
 Step-3: Processing

Selection (HR Representative& Department Manager)-

 Compile notes from each potentialcandidate

 Make a selection based on interviewresults

 If crew member approved:

 Shipboard- HR Representative will enter in gappool.

 Required shore side approval- HR Representative will send application, Resume (CV),
and interview notes to Career Tracking Analyst. If application is approved by shore side
management CTA will enter crew member in Internal GapPool.

 Scheduling will access fleet wide Internal Gap Pool in order to place crew member
according to availablevacancy.

Documents Needed While LeavingHome

 Letter of employment or Letter ofguarantee

 Passport

 Seaman’sbook

 Visas

 Medicalcertificate

 Marlins English Test (as per company’spolicy)

 Professional certificate/licenses

 Photographs

41
Packing Essentials

Packing to be away from home for a long time may seem like a big task, especially when told
to pack lightly. Generally, there is not a lot of cabin space, so only the essentials should be
brought. The employees will also be able to shop when they’re in port, so they should only
bring enough items to get through the first few weeks onboard.

Here are some items that can be brought:

Clothing:

 Underwear

 Jeans/longpants

 Sweater/parka

 Shorts andT-shirts

 Dressy casualoutfit

 Tennisshoes

 Beachshoes

 Swimsuit

ToiletryItems:

 Deodorant andsoap

 Razors

42
 Brush/Comb

 Toothbrush

 Shampoo

 Shavingcream

 Cologne/Perfume

 Feminineproducts

 Cosmetics

Other Items:

 Travel alarmclock

 Prescriptionmedication

 Beachtowel

 Mobilephones

 Camera

 Hair dryer(110volts)

Clearing Immigration And Customs

Upon the arrival at the airport, the employees would need to show the Immigration Officer
their valid Letter of guarantee, Seaman’s Book and Passport forclearance. They will also need

43
to clear customs. Officials will be enforcing laws against bringing illegal items into the
country.

Once you have completed the process, go directly to your assigned ship or to your designated
hotel.

Working Hours And Schedules For Employees

On an average, the employees can expect to work up to 70 hours per week, seven days per
week or as stated in their Employment Agreement. On occasion, they may be required to work
more than 70 hours per week, or overtime. If so, non-management employees will be paid for
the overtime hoursworked.

Job Responsibilities And Job Descriptions

The job description contains specific information about the duties and responsibilities. During
the first few days with the company, the supervisor will discuss your work arrangements and
duties with you.

Ship Life Details

Crew Gangway:

Crew are asked to utilize the crew gangway to enter and exit the vessel, unless they are
assisting guests or managing a guest service. It is manned by security staff. Crew are asked to
carry their crew ID card to exit and enter the vessel. Crew should also take a copy oftheir

44
passport with them anytime they leave the ship. Additionally, non US crew must have their I-
95 card with them when they exit the ship in a U.S. port.

Ship Knowledge:

Please make sure that you are aware of the Emergency Escape Routes from your
accommodation areas and workplaces. Also be aware of the First Aid and fire fighting
equipment nearest to these areas. The Safety Officer will familiarise you with these areas of the
ship during your on boarding safety training.

Behaviour Ashore:

On the shore, the employees are the representatives of the Cruise Line they are working for and
should always behave in a professional and kind manner to all crew, guests and vendors they
may encounter ashore.

Food/Meals For Employees

Meals are provided at no charges in assigned dining rooms. Meal hours are posted in the dining
room areas. Work with the Training and developing Manager to locate your specific dining
facilities, locations and hours of operation. Remember that no food, drink, dishes or silverware
are to be removed from any of the dining facilities.

Public Areas

Guest Areas:

Depending on the rank of employee,

he/she may not enter guest areas unless
they’re performing a work related duty.
Also, the guests always come first, so be
sure to give them first priority wherever
they are on the ships.

45
Guest Stateroom:

One may enter a guest stateroom to fulfil a guest accommodation (i.e., cabin service, cabin
stewarding, or maintenance). If an employee is found in a guest stateroom and he/she is not
fulfilling a guest accommodation, he/ she will be dismissed immediately. No exceptions.

Restricted Areas:

Shipboard casinos, guest swimming pools, and whirlpools are off-limits to shipboard
employees.

Elevators:

Elevators are for guest use only. Employees may use the guest elevators when accompanying
guests to another location on official business on-board the ship.

Cabins:

Cabin Amenities:

Cabin usually contains the following amenities:

 Television

 Refrigerator

 Voice mailtelephone

 Wi-Fi access in crew publicareas

Courtesy:

Since space is limited, the employees may have to share their stateroom with other employees.
They should be considerate of their roommates by maintaining personal hygiene, being
personally neat and organised, and be able to compromise. Everyone must keep noise to a
minimum level. The ship is a 24-hour per day operation.

46
Cabin Inspections:

The stateroom may be inspected once a week to ensure policies and regulations are followed. It
is expected that all employees be in strict compliance with the ship’s standards. Inspection may
occur at any time. No heaters, irons or open flames are allowed in the room. It in doubt, refer to
the supervisor.

Money Handling

How To Use Your Card:

The operational environment is usually cashless. Each time a purchase is made by an employee
in the crew bar, crew shop, or any on board revenue area, a charge will be posted to their
account personal on board account. They will be asked to pay their account twice a month on
pay day.

Banking:

There are many options to secure your money while at sea:

 Wire money home direct from ship into a bank account through a Ship Employee Wire
Transferprogram

 Obtain a crew safety deposit box onboard

 Purchase an international money order from the CrewPurser

 Open a bank account off the ship in port

Services Available To Crew On Board

 Laundryservices

 Crew gym

 CrewBar/Lounge

 Crewdeck

 Crewshop

47
 Medicalcentre

 Soda/Icemachine

 ATM

 Banking

 Insurance

 Internet/ WI-FI

 Library

 Mail

 Medicalservices

 Needledisposal

 Photography

 Maintenance

 Spa and beautyservices

 Acupuncture

 Beauty salon and barbershop

 Sports and recreationfacilities

 Youthareas

 Shoppingfacilities

48
Communications And Keeping In Touch

Mail:

Mail is usually received at every homeport and is distributed as soon as possible. Crew
members may send letters home from any port. Sending mails is easy. Stamps are available in
any port where you can send your mails.

Sending Parcels Or Small Packages:

Parcels and small packages must be cleared by customs before leaving the ship. In order to
send parcels or small packages, you will need to complete a form that is available from the
crew office. Once cleared by customs, packages can be mailedashore.

Internet Cafes/E-Mail:

Staying connected to family and friends through the internet is simple. The ships have internet
cafes you can use to send e-mails to friends and relatives. Some ships even have internet access
from the cabin of employees. There is also Wi-Fi access in the crew bar. A small per minute
fee will apply. The immediate supervisor can provide them with thedetails.

Phone Calls:

Phone calls placed or received on-board the ship are expensive. If employees need to place or
receive a call, their supervisor will give them the procedures. Phone calls can be placed from

49
staterooms using the long-distance cards that are purchased on-board only. Phone cards
purchased ashore may be used at telephone booths in the ports.

On Board Purchases:

As the ships functionsare on a cashless system, the employees will need to use their sea pass ID
in order to make purchases and use the internet café on board. The employees must pay their
account at the payroll role purser’s office when they receive their salary.

Uniforms For Employees

When on duty during or while walking to or from

your workstation, wear your uniform according to
the guidelines presented by your supervisor with
regards to time of day, and your ship’s itinerary.

When on duty, uniforms must be clean, pressed,

and in good repair. Your undergarments may not
be seen through your uniform. Your supervisor
may use his or her judgement to request a change
in any aspect of yourappearance.

Tailoring:

All company-logo uniform items are repaired at no cost to you. Non-logo items and personal
clothing may be tailored for a small fee. Ask your T&D Manager where to go on-board to get
your uniform tailored.

Shoes:

The correct shoes and hosiery/socks are to be worn with your uniform. Uniform shoes with slip
resistant soles must be worn and are available on board. Depending on your position, the
employees may be required to purchase these on board. Shoes must be polished and in good
repair.

50
Appearance Standards For Employees

The employees represent the cruise line they are working for so they must always be in good
grooming. Always give your guests the impression of self-confidence, poise, and assurance and
be conscious of your personal appearance at all times. Be sure to review and adhere to the
following standards:

 Showering

 OralHygiene

 Hands andfingernails

 Jewellery

 Tattoos, branding andpiercings

 Hair care/styles

 Body and facialhair

 Cosmetics

 Fragrances

Crew Welfare Programs

The cruise lines often introduce the Crew Welfare Assistant on board to create a pleasant and
relaxing environment for the employees when they are not working, for example, Royal
Caribbean International and Celebrity Cruises.

They will plan several activities for the employees, as well as be available to assist them with
mail, repair requests, video rentals, bike rentals, information about ports of call, and other
programs to make their life on board balanced and enjoyable.

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Key Policies For Employees

Smoking:

Smoking is allowed in designated smoking areas and while off-

duty only. Smoking in the stateroom is allowed if it is not
offensive to the stateroom mate.

Drugs And Alcohol:

Cruise lines have a comprehensive drug and alcohol policy for the safety of their employees
andguests:

 Employees may not drink alcohol while on duty,unless

hosting a guesttable.

 On-duty employees may not have a blood alcohol

content level above.04%.

 Off-duty employees may not have a blood alcohol

content level above.08%.

 Any employee found to have in excess of these limits will be relieved from his or her
responsibilities right away and may lose his or herjob.

SexualHarassment:

Every employee have the right to work in a safe and professional environment free from
unsolicited and unwelcome sexual overtures by employees, vendors, guests or passengers of
the Cruise Lines. Conduct prohibited by these policies is unacceptable at work and in any
work-related setting outside of work, such as during on-shore port visits and company-
sponsored socialevents.

EthicsPolicy:

It is the employee's responsibility to follow the highest ethical standards and principles. These
ethical principles and standards apply to all persons employed by the cruise line regardless of
rank orposition.

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Security:

Every cruise line has a strong security program, both on board the ships and shore side in
terminals. Every ship has a security officer and security guards who conducts screening
procedures at the gangways in port and security/ fire patrols who safeguard the ship once it has
left port.

Crime And Weapons:

Every company have a zero tolerance policy toward crime. Any employee committing a crime
will be hanged over to the appropriate authorities and will lose his or her job. Possession of a
weapon on-board is a serious offence. Searches of your cabin or body may occur at any time
without notice. Finding a weapon will result in immediate dismissal from the job.

Visitor Policy:

The employee may not have visitors on board except for family members and approved guests.
Passes for the family must be requested from the department head at least 24 hours in advance
and approved by the Master or his delegate.

Emergency Responsibilities:

The cruise lines take the safety and security of the guests and crew members very seriously.
The employees are responsible for knowing and understanding all duties, regulations and
instructions of the emergency station to which they are assigned. They will be asked to
participate in all musters and drills for which they arescheduled.

Probationary Period:

A new employee will be placed on a probationary period when they first join the company. For
example, For Royal Caribbean International and Celebrity Cruises, this period will include the
first 90 working days on the job. The company may end their employment at any time during
this period if they perform their job duties below expected standards. The Employment
Agreement or immediate supervisor can provide more details.

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Illness And Tardiness:

From time to time the employees may become sick and will not be able to perform their job. In
these cases they should submit a note from the doctor to their supervisor.

Progressive Discipline:

There are times when it is necessary to provide specific, formal, documented feedback
regarding unsatisfactory performance. Feedback in this form will be maintained in the
employee’s file. Progressive discipline is not meant to punish employees, but is used to help
improve performance when coaching has not had the desired outcome. In cases of severe
policy violations, the progressive discipline is alsoused.

Progressive discipline typically consists of documented Verbal Counselling. If the employee

has not improved performance after a determined period of time, a 1st written warning is
issued. If after the 1stwritten warning is issued, the employee has still failed to improve
performance after an amount of time, a 2ndwritten warning is issued. Failure to improve
performance after this warning will result in an HR Review. During the HR Review, the person
issuing the warning will notify the HR Manager and a Master’s Hearing will bescheduled.

In cases of severe policy violations, the management may issue a written warning up to and
including a recommendation for Master's Hearing without following each of the steps in the
progressive discipline process.

Master’s Hearing:

The Master's Hearing is the final authority on the ship. During it, performance documentation
is reviewed by the Master who may in turn dismiss an employee for violation of company
policies or failure to improve performance after Progressive Disciplinary actions have been
taken.

Day To Day Problems Faced By Cruise Line Employees

 Long workinghours.
 Restricted timeshore.
 Away from family and friends for a long period oftime.
 Limited internet and cellaccess.

54
  Drastic change in workingenvironment.
 Major cultural differences between coworkers.
 Limited space availability and cabinsharing.
 Work and live with the same people everyday.
 Strict cruise line code ofconduct.
 Limited amount of personal belongings can be carried while gettingonboard.
 Less variety of food is available as per Indian taste buds.

RULES AND REGULATIONS FOR EMPLOYEES

Master’s Rules And Regulations:

These rules are the commonly accepted code of ship operations. Each master on board the
ships has the authority to establish his rules and regulations, and may be different from the
ones listed below. By joining the company, the employees are agreeing that they will live by
these rules while working for the cruise line, whether on board orashore.

These rules have been instituted in order to ensure a safe workplace for the team members and
customers:

 No drunkenness will be tolerated. Alcoholic beverages are not allowed in the cabin of
employees.

 No Officer, staff or employee will possess or use illegal drugs orweapons.

 No indecent language will beused.

 Do not operate equipment that you have not been properly trained tooperate.

 Candles and incense are dangerous on a ship. Do not jeopardize your life or the life of
others.

 Only officers and staff are permitted to be in public areas when offduty.

 Employees will not deface, abuse or steal the ship’sproperty.

 Respect must be given to officers at all times.

 Respect and courtesy must be given to guests at alltimes.

55
 All shipboard employees must attend boat drills and other required safetydrills.

 Shipboard employees must report for duty ontime.

 Shipboard employees must retain the cabins assigned to them and may make changes
only with permission from the head of theirdivision.

 When on shore or leave, all shipboard employees must report aboard ship a half-hour
before sailing and one hour whentendering.

 All shipboard employees must be properly dressed at alltimes.

 All shipboard employees must show their crew cards upon boarding theship.

 Mealtime schedules must be followed.

 Shipboard employees will not miss theship.

 Gambling is prohibited for all shipboardemployees.

 Smoking in bed is absolutelyprohibited.

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CHAPTER 5. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research Methodology
In order to accomplish the objectives of the study, it was essential to showcase the matter in a
practical way and thus the process was carried out in a certain frame work. The research
methodology, which was followed, was backbone of the study.

Type of research:
The research work can be classified as an open end research for which all our data collection
and co relation of facts and information has been done on the basis of the data collected
through physical observation. There had been very apt involvement of all stats, figures and
numbers.

Data collection approach:

The data on which the study has been conducted was purely on the basis of the information
collected. The data was collected through the process of interviews, questionnaire,
observations, information generated from various newspaper, magazines and the internet
websites. The views of various experts in the industry have been referred to for the purpose of
narration.

Primary Data:
This includes visits to various consultancy services in Chandigarh which provides placement
for cruise lines. Conduct of surveys by personal interviews of various ex-cruise line employees,
questionnaire and observation.

Secondary Data:
Already published data formed the starting point of the study. This included- books, articles
and magazines based on hospitality industry and institutes, the internet websites and journals.

Tools and Techniques of analysis:

Our tools and techniques of analysis are bar graphs, pie charts, etc.

57
CHAPTER 6. DATA ANALYSIS

Percentage of males and females who participated in our research

(filled questionnaire):

GENDER PROFILE

MALE(64%)

FEMALE(36%)

Male – 64%

Female – 36%

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Have You Heard About Cruise Line Placements?

YES(86%)
Gg
NO(14%)

Yes– 86%

No– 14%

59
What Motivates You To Take A Cruise Line Job?

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
SALARY INDUSTRYEXPOSURE EMPLOYEEBENEFITS TRAVEL/ADVENTURE

Salary – 40%

Industry Exposure – 5%

Employee Benefits–6%

Travel/Adventure-49%

60
Do You Think Of Cruise Line As A Job Or A Career?

CAREER(56%)

JOB(44%)

Career – 56%

Job – 44%

61
Are You Able To Strike Balance Between Your Personal Life And
Professional Life?

ALWAYS (20%)

SOMETIMES(65%)

NEVER(15%)

Always – 20%

Sometimes – 65%

Never – 15%

62
Which Area Would You Prefer To Work In A Cruise Line?

OTHERS

HOST/HOSTESS

KITCHEN/BAKERY

CABIN AND BEDROOMS

BAR

CRUISE LINE HOTELS

RESERVATION

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

Others – 1%

Host/Hostess – 6%

Kitchen/Bakery –30%

Cabin/Bedrooms –5%

Bar – 28%

Cruise Line Hotels – 20%

Reservation – 10%

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How Much Salary Do You Expect In Cruise Lines?

45

40

35

30

25

20

15

10

0
40K-50K 50K-60K 60K-70K ABOVE 1 LAKH

40k-50k – 7%

50k-60k –28%

60k-70k –39%

Above 1 Lakh – 26%

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Are You Satisfied With The Type Of Job Concept?

YES(58%)

NO(16%)

MAYBE(26%)

Yes – 58%

No – 16%

Maybe – 26%

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Which Of The Problems Do You Expect To Be Faced By The
Employees In Cruise?

CAN'T SAY

LIMITED SPACE

SAFETY

STORAGE OF MATERIAL

AVAILABILITY OF RAW MATERIAL

TIME SCHEDULE

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45

Can’t Say – 7%

Limited Space – 23%

Safety – 25%

Storage Of Material – 1%

Availability Of Raw Material – 4%

Time Schedule – 40%

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Do You See Bright Futures Of IHM Graduates In Cruise Lines?

YES(79%)

NO(21%)

Yes – 79%

No - 21%

67
Do You Want To Join Cruise Lines?

YES(70%)
NO(30%)

Yes – 70%

No – 30%

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CHAPTER 7. CONCLUSION
The cruise ship industry has experienced phenomenal growth rates. Within the tourism
industry it is one of the fastest developing sectors with an average annual increase in
passengers of more than 7% for the past 20 years. Hence the cruise line comes out as a good
career option for the IHM graduates.

A large number of students are aware of placement opportunities on board cruise lines. The
opportunity to travel different places attracts students the most while choosing cruises as a
career.

Apart from this the diverse work force provides a very convenient and learning environment.
The standards of services are also very high in cruise lines so there is a lot to learn as well. The
work system of contract and then vacation provides very good opportunity for utilising the
vacations with family and friend for quality time which is often missed in other hospitality
sector.

And of course the best perk of working in cruise line is high salaries. On an average, the salary
is $1200 per month. The contract ends in about 6 months. So on multiplying the figures, we get
the total of $7200 in total which is equal to an approximate of Rs.5,00,000 .

A shipboard career provides a diverse and a multicultural environment that is dynamic fast-
paced and guest focussed. Moreover there is a tremendous scope of personal and professional
growth. Hence, as a young IHM graduate, cruise liners provide a promising career opportunity
in the hospitality and tourism sector.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY
 Thomas Schlingermann , (2015), the management of human resources on cruise ships :
the realities of the roles and relations of the hrfunction
 The Florida – Caribbean cruise association, (2018), cruise industryoverview
 https://www.celebritycruises.com/company/careers
 https://www.ncl.com/about/careers/overview
 https://www.aclcareers.com/
 https://jobs.carnival.com/
 https://www.royalcareersatsea.com/
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cruise_ship
 https://www.cruiselinehistory.com/a-brief-history-of-the-cruise-ship-industry/
 https://adventure.howstuffworks.com/cruise-ship1.htm
 https://travelingwiththejones.com/2014/06/26/the-history-of-cruising-and-cruise-ships/
 https://www.cruiselinehistory.com/cruise-ships-firsts/
 https://www.thrillist.com/travel/nation/the-worlds-coolest-new-cruise-ships
 https://www.cruisecritic.com/articles.cfm?ID=5
 https://travel.usnews.com/cruises/
 https://shorebee.com/en/get-inspired/what-is-a-cruise
 ‘Getting onboard’ Book, 2006 for employees by Royal Caribbean CruisesLtd.

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