Navigation for bicycle

Abstract

It is a simple GPS for bicycle; the user connects his smartphone to the GPS by
Bluetooth and starts his GPS application. He chooses his destination on the
application. Then the GPS shows him his way by using the LEDs. For example, if
the user has to turn right, the right side of the LED ring lights up. If he has to turn
left, it is the left side and if he has arrived all the LEDs light up in green Operation
is simple, the user connects the phone to the GPS with Bluetooth. It connects to the
GPS map. He writes his destination on the GPS application. Then the GPS shows
him his way through the LEDs.
Introduction

This bicycle GPS can convert any bike into smart bike by adding navigation support. This
bike GPS connects to the user’s smartphone GPS via Bluetooth and receives the navigation
data from a GPS application on the smartphone. The project uses an Arduino board and a
Neopixel LED ring. The destination is set on the GPS application on the smartphone and the
directions are shown on the LEDs.
Block diagram

Smartphone

LEDs for
indication Bluetooth
Module

Audio Arduino
amplifier Microcontroller

Speaker

Power Supply
Working

In this project, we will use a GPS application available on Android or IPhone,

OsmAnd, a mapping application and navigation with access to free data
OpenStreetMap. This application is available offline, that is to say that one can use
this application without using the cellular data (3G or 4G).
We use an Arduino micro type microcontroller as it is quite simple to use and is
inexpensive. It is connected with a Bluetooth headset.
This headset is the link between the Arduino board and telephone. To indicate the
direction to the user, we use a ring of 24 LEDs connected to the Arduino board.
These are Neopixel LEDs, they are the most efficient LEDs. We can control the
color and light intensity of the LEDs.
To transmit information from the GPS map application OsmAnd and Arduino we
used the audio signal. In fact, the GPS information data are send with an audio
signal. This requires that the Arduino board recognizes the signal and transmit the
information to LEDs to indicate the direction to the rider. There are several
possible ways to analyze the audio signals. We can use the signal frequency to
transmit information. For example, to turn left it is enough to send a signal with a
frequency of 440 Hz and a frequency of 800Hz to turn right. We can also use the
intensity of the signal or the amplitude. But we have chosen to use the signal
frequency. This is the most reliable and most effective way we've found. From
there we set frequencies for each direction of GPS. We modified the pack of voice
present in the OsmAnd application. We replaced these sounds with our
frequencies.

The signal sent by the phone arrives in the Bluetooth module, the output of this
headset, the sound signal is amplified. Without amplification, the Arduino board
receive a signal between -0.8V and 0.8V. This signal is too weak to be analyzed.
So we built an amplifier circuit which allows the Arduino board to receive a signal
between 2V and 4.5V (see figure 3). Before to amplifying the signal we were
unable to determine the frequency of this signal. We spent a lot of time trying to
understand why, and we found this solution on a website. Arduino inputs are
designed for positive voltages between 0 and 5 V. The function of the circuit that I
present today is, first, to amplify the signal so that it is easier measuring by means f
the Arduino and, secondly, to superimpose a DC voltage of 2.5 V so that the
voltage received by the Arduino is never negative.
Component used

 Arduino microcontroller
 Bluetooth module
 Audio Amplifier
 Speaker
 LEDs
 7085
 Capacitor
 Resistor
 Mapping app in smartphone
REFERENCES

[1] Chaitali K. Lakde, Dr. Prakash S. Prasad,” Review Paper on

Navigation System for Visually Impaired People”, International
Journal of Advanced Research in Computer and Communication
Engineering,Vol. 4, Issue 1, January 2015
[2] N.Mahmud, R.K.Saha, R.B. Zafar, M.B.H. Bhuian, and S.S.Sarwar,
“Vibration and Voice Operated Navigation System for Visually
Impaired Person”, 3rd International Conference on Informatics,
Electronics & Vision, 2014.
[3] B. B. Blasch, W. R. Wiener, and R. L. Welsh, Foundations of
Orientation and Mobility, 2nd ed. New York: AFB Press, 1997.
[4] Roshni: Indoor Navigation System for Visually Impaired by D.Jain
and M.Balakrishnan, P.V.M.Rao.
[5] R. Tapu, B. Mocanu, T. Zaharia“ Real time static/dynamic obstacle
detection for visually impaired persons” IEEE International
Conference on consumer electronics (ICCE),978-1-4799-2191-
9/14, pp. 394-395,2014.