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Students' Assessment of Customer Satisfaction On The Service Performance of LRT Line 2
Students' Assessment of Customer Satisfaction On The Service Performance of LRT Line 2
Students' Assessment of Customer Satisfaction On The Service Performance of LRT Line 2
April 2017
Table of Content
Title Page
Table of Contents
Acknowledgement
Abstract
2.6: Hypothesis
C. Pearson Correlation
D. Slovin’s Formula
Appendix
.
CHAPTER 1
RESEARCH RATIONALE
today. The day to day activities are becoming complicated including the
transportation means in the country that’s why there is also the increase in
Technological Evolution of Manila Light Rail Transit System, the traffic jams
in Manila are become more staggering. Only a few traffic lights often
disregarded separate the combatants. Every one force his way across the
find a solution.
and efficient mode of transportation through the Light Rail Transit. With the
construction of the first line of the Manila Light Rail Transit System or Blue
line in the early 1980s and the completion of LRT 1 or yellow line in 1984,
LRT 2 was also opened in 2003. LRT 2 or the Megatren, is a rapid
LRT 2 was also known as the “Purple Line” that runs from Manila in
the west via Quezon City to Pasig in the east. The line serves 11 stations in
13.8 km of line that starts with Recto station and ends in Santolan station. It
links the cities of Manila, San Juan, Quezon City, Marikina and Pasig.
The lines are elevated except for Katipunan station, which is underground.
Construction of this line started in 1998 and it runs along Recto Ave.,
Magsaysay Blvd., and Aurora Blvd. The full length from to Recto Ave. is
Light Rail, by analyzing the Manila Light Rail Transit System Line 2 (LRT2)
understanding about Light Rail Transit’s operation through the services they
transportation.
2 and MRT”, a concern passenger stated that “LRT2 has this big capacity
with less people to fill.” “LRT2 would probably increase its passenger
built along Sta. Mesa, Sampaloc and Recto.” The Station signage also
caught the attention of the passenger because of its size and visibility. He
has also problems with the public address system that seems to be
crackling. According to him “Seeing this concern tells us that there is a need
and topics relevant to the study. At the end of the study, researchers aim to
that can be used to improve the quality of services provided by the mode of
up with the demands and interests of their stakeholders and make them
remain loyal.
In this paper, the researchers will address the issue of service quality
in Light Rail Transit 2. Researchers will measure the operations of the line
with students' point of view. Researchers will also assess the satisfaction of
the demands of parents in order to know if manila Light rail Transit line 2
analyze the factors that can satisfaction of the students of San Beda
service. The study covered only 2 factors: LRT processes with 6 variables
public transport, mainly the Light Rail Transit line 2, based on its operation
and the services it provides. This study will also be beneficial to:
Students
of study that the students can rely in doing some research related to
this topic.
Company/ LRT 2
- This research will also benefit the company or line to have the
will likewise help them improve their management, service, and the
study, LRT line 2 or gain more satisfied customers that will lead to
enjoyable ride
The overall scope of the study is to identify and analyze the factors
The study covered only the Students in San Beda College Manila
who rides LRT 2. The students included are only the ones who were around
when the questionnaires were distributed in the chosen area inside San
during their final examinations week. However, the researchers made sure
given and they are of knowledge with regard to the said topic.
CHAPTER 2
RESEARCH QUESTIONS
related to the said topic and its contribution in forming this paper. Relevant
concepts and theories for our study are given. Further, other determinants
There have been many literatures, articles, readings and cases that
some of these for the purpose of helping and bringing a relationship to the
transport are very important to note. Public transport must be able to deliver
transport.
Service Performance of Public Transportations can be examined
different from both the economic performance measures and the vehicle-
and others.
or requirements that compares the results with the expectations, the need to
subjective to the quality of service the users receive and when these two
factors are met, it will give them satisfaction. Olsen (2007) said that Public
transport user satisfaction was related to the perceived quality of service,
public transport users feel the quality of service, because each person tends
satisfaction indicators that affect the reliability of the public transport system
are travel time, speed, security, delays, travel expenses (Meyer 2002).
are: cost, accessibility and station stops. Trynopoulos and Antoniou (2008)
said that the waiting time and comfort, as well as ease to use public
transportation is the most significant factor that directly affects the transport
Safety indicators (Smith and Clarke, 2000; Fellesson and Friman, 2008).
customers perceive to get from the product and what they are willing to pay
for it. So, an appropriate ticket price, in connection with the service offered,
can encourage the use of light rail. Not only this, but also ticketing service
passenger’s satisfaction. Above all, safety and security that involves direct
digital communication across the whole rail network with a host of additional
safety features; security at the station and during the trip; small ordinary
1
http://nacto.org/docs/usdg/lrtserviceguidelines_vta.pdf
In addition, journey time which is required for the vehicle to move
Transport Connections also has its own influence: A passenger chooses the
cleanliness of stations and trains are aspects that are considered necessary
areas open to the public. LRT stations are the primary interface between the
riders and the system. Stations need to be attractive, well designed, and
above all, well located and placed to provide convenient and easy access.
(such as heavy rail and commuter rail stations) to the extent possible to
facilitate transfers. Moreover, Stations need to possess appropriate facilities
queuing areas; loading/unloading curb space for buses; and layover bays.
Stations shall be well integrated into the community with supporting land
billion in soft loans mainly from the Japan Bank for International
Cooperation (JBIC). Compared with the previous light rail projects, LRT 2
Megatren Line 2 project pioneered the use of the PSM technology. The
Megatren is the latest of its kind in the world today. It is a fully automatic
- Facilities
2
http://www.lrta.gov.ph/line2_megatren.htm
It is equipped with a CCTV system that enables the railway operator
the trains. LRT 2 is commuter friendly and has facilities especially designed
for the elderly and the differently-abled. It has Braille tactile along the lanes
the trains.
- Stations/Trains
level and an upper platform level (reversed in the case of Katipunan). Fare
gates separate the concourse level from the stairs and escalators that
provide access to the platform level. All stations have side platforms, which
has one side and one island platform, and Santolan, which has an island
platform.
LRT-2 stations have two restrooms for both genders. The newer LRT
One train can seat 232 passengers. It can accommodate 1,396 more
- Schedule/Timeliness
LRT 2 is dual track line with one underground, ten elevated stations
and a depot. By the year 2010 it is estimated that in peak periods trains
running every two minutes will carry almost 40,000 per hour per direction.
The final designed capacity is 60,000 passengers per hour per direction in
2025. The majority of the guide way structure is 8 meters above the
roadway to avoid a dark tunnel effect, with the sides of the viaduct beams
sloped to give a lighter appearance and to allow more light to penetrate into
- Fare/Tickets
The Manila Light Rail Transit System is one of the least expensive
than other systems in the region. Fares are distance-based, ranging from 15
to another line occurs within a station's paid area, passengers have to exit
and then pay a new fare for the line they are entering.
The Line 1 uses two different fare structures: one for single journey
cards and another for stored value (Beep) cards. Passengers are charged
₱11 upon entering the paid area. Passengers using single journey cards are
charged ₱15 for travelling 0 to 4.00 kilometers; ₱20 for 4.01 to 9.00
kilometers; or ₱30 for distances more than 9.00 kilometers. Stored value
kilometers, but on a more finely graduated basis. Beep card users are
charged ₱1 for every kilometer traveled, plus the ₱11 boarding charge. The
Line 2 uses the same fare matrix with the Line 1, but passengers are
Passengers can enter the system paid areas with either a single
journey or stored value Beep Card. The Beep Card can be used on all LRT
and MRT lines. Tickets can be sold from ticket booths manned by station
on. Safety notices in both English and Tagalog are a common sight at the
stations and inside the trains. Security guards with megaphones can be
seen at boarding areas asking crowds to move back from the warning tiles
at the edge of platforms to avoid falling onto the tracks. In the event of
emergencies or unexpected events aboard the train, alerts are used to
inform passengers about the current state of the operations. The LRTA
Code Yellow - Slight delay in the departure and arrival of trains from
stations
problems
trains, has been banned at station concourse areas since June 24,
pointed objects that could be used as weapons, are forbidden. Those under
- Convenience
Convenience is a very important factor when choosing the mode of
based on other factors related to it, the more it sells, which can be applied
Synthesis
interests and needs must be known, because the needs of public transport
B. Gender
demographic profile?
• Facilities
• Stations/Trains
• Schedule/Timeliness
• Fare/Tickets
• Convenience
on the service performance of LRT Line 2 and their satisfaction with the
railed-transportation provider.
fully functional.
Satisfying basic needs: Allows a company to get into the market. Satisfying
product/service is. The vertical axis indicates how satisfied the customer is.
The line going through the origin at 45 degrees, represents the situation in
the product/service is. In other words, it represents the situation in which the
likes it.
INPUT
• FACILITIES
• STATIONS / TRAINS
• SCHEDULE /
TIMELINESS PROCESS
• CONVENIENCE
OUTPUT
• SATISFIED
CUSTOMER
In this illustration, Seven Variables are shown: 1.) Facilities 2.) Stations/ Trains
the variables that the researcher is aiming to study; How the Operations of Light
Rail Transit line 2 affects the Satisfaction of students of San Beda College.
2.6 Hypothesis
purpose.
useful time.
place.
one on a railroad line with a platform and often one or more buildings.
motors.
Convenience - the state of being able to proceed with something with little effort
or difficulty
Tickets - a piece of paper or small card that gives the holder a certain right,
Safety - the state of being "safe" (from French sauf), the condition of being
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter depicts the research design and methodology that was
used in the study. The path of the research are explained step by step in
order to provide reliability to the readers and ensure the validity of this
The type of research that will be used in this study are both
satisfied San Beda CAS Students are on the service performance provided
by the LRT Line 2 every day. The purpose of quantitative research is either
statistical analysis. The researchers will gather data from different chosen
the study and the variables used. The systematic random sampling
technique will be used to the selected students from CAS limited to this
study. After gathering data, the mode will be computed to have a more
accurate result. This design was chosen to meet the objectives of the study.
The research was done inside the campus of San Beda College Manila.
The respondents of this research are the students under CAS. The
study.
represent the entirety of the population. The researchers believe that any
done.
The sample size was determined using the Slovin’s Formula. The
enrolled in the span of conducting this research. A total of 351 sample was
needed for the survey from the estimated population. A total of 288
The survey questions that are used are based from the service
to students’ satisfaction.
Likert-scale where “5” indicates the Strongly Satisfied, “4” indicates the
Satisfied, “3” indicates the Neutral, “2” indicates the Dissatisfied, and lastly
framework. Each question has been analyzed from different aspects and
are two ways of collecting data, primary and secondary. In this research,
both of these data collection techniques were used to obtain the best
possible answer for the research question. We gathered most of the data,
which was needed for this research, based on primary data collection. The
primary data were collected by the questionnaires. The secondary data has
mostly been taken from online sources like different articles, theses and
journals, as well as course books and other study materials uploaded online.
After gathering data the researchers tallied all the answers from the
survey questionnaires. After tallying the researchers will compute for the
weighted mean and the weighted mean will be the basis of data analysis.
estimate the importance weight, and measure who weighs most in each
data point. It helps the researchers to determine what things are more
This is used for the data that should be summarized in the text to
C. Pearson Correlation
PPMC. It shows the linear relationship between two sets of data. In simple
terms, it answers the question, Can I draw a line graph to represent the
data? Two letters are used to represent the Pearson correlation: Greek
letter rho (ρ) for a population and the letter “r” for a sample.
D. Slovin’s Formula
The Slovin’s Formula will be used to determine the sample size (n) in
CHAPTER 4
Slovin’s Formula
n= N/(1+NE^2)
Where:
n= number of samples
N= number of Population
E= error of tolerance
n =2500/ (7.25)
n =344.827586207 or 345
The result of the computation using Slovin’s Formula will be used as the
basis for a total sample of coffee shop participants needed on our research.
The estimated population of students of San Beda that uses the LRT is 2500,
with the confidence level of 95 percent. Using the Slovin’s Formula, the
CHAPTER 5
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