Gusto Ko Garlic Rice

ASSEMBLYWOMAN FELICITA G.
BERNARDINO MEMORIAL TRADE SCHOOL

Appointing the Source of Allium Sativum’s Distinctive Odor as Main
Component of Nontoxic Multi-surface Cleaner
Removing Some Possible Stains on Various Surfaces Using the
Sanitizing Property of Allium sativum and Acetic acid
as a Non-toxic Multi-surface Cleaner
An Investigatory Project
Presented to the Faculty of the
Assemblywoman Felicita G. Bernadino Memorial Trade School
Marilao, Bulacan
In Partial Fulfillment
Of the Requirements for the Biology II
Del Mundo, Angela Julianne L.
Dela Fuente, Angelica Mae B.
Tangonan, Miguel Jordan V.
Acbayan, Jhon Kenneth A.
Cuerdo, Amylexianne Q.
Dela Cruz, John Paul S.
Donato, Romeo Jr. B.
Cayongcong, Ariel D.
Grajo, Jervismarc O.
Apelacio, Jenard S.
Investigators
ACADEMIC TRACK – SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING AND MATHEMATICS STRAND 1

DECEMBER 2018 GROUP -4 ZAIDO
ASSEMBLYWOMAN FELICITA G. BERNARDINO MEMORIAL TRADE SCHOOL
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Table of Contents..........................................................................................2
Acknowledgement…………………………………………………….………….3
Abstract.........................................................................................................4
Introduction...................................................................................................5
Statement of the Problem…………………………………………………….….7
Significance of the Study……………………………………………………….....8
Definition of Terms………………………………………………………………...10
Review of Related Literature……………………………………………………11
Methodology................................................................................................14
Data Analysis……………………………………………….……………………17
Conclusion and Recommendation..............................................................25
Summary.....................................................................................................26
References..................................................................................................28

Acknowledgement
First of all, we give all our praises and gratitude to The Almighty
God for establishing us with strength and wisdom to complete this
research.
We also express are sincere thanks to our teacher in Biology,
Mrs. Madeline Manansala for providing us with all the necessary
information and guiding us in doing this research.
I place on record, our sincere gratitude to our families for their
constant support, understanding and encouragement in the making
and conducting of this project.
We also thank our adviser, Mr. Irvin Eugenio for the constant
support and guidance in the fulfillment of the research.
We take this opportunity to record our sincere thanks to all the
panelist of our first defense that guided and gave us an idea about the
project which then helped us in conducting this project.
We also extend our gratitude to our classmates and friends and
all of the people who contributed directly or indirectly in the fulfillment
of this requirement.

Abstract
Garlic (Allium sativum) and Vinegar (Acetic Acid) are
commonly seen in households. Its uses are more popular as ingredients in
different cuisines but its benefits was unknown to most people. Allium
sativum was reported as a wonderful medicinal plant and Acetic acid is a
chemical reagent for the production of chemical compounds. Both contains
sanitizing properties which can help to get rid all of the stubborn stains such
as sauce spill, melted chocolate, cooking oil, etc. The purpose of the study
is to create a non-toxic multi-surface cleaner to wipe off the dirt and to
sanitize also a particular surface. The researchers chopped four to five
cloves of garlic and let it sit for about ten minutes then put it on a bowl and
pour two parts water and one part vinegar where the chopped garlic is
residing. The spray bottle must be clean and sterilized before transferring
the mixture of garlic and vinegar. The bottle was poured in hot water and
rinsed. Only then the mixture can be transferred. Amount of scent may be
added on the mixture to avoid the strong odor of it. Finally, the cleaner spray
may now be of use. The mixture was used in different stains on different
surfaces in order to assess its efficacy.

CHAPTER I
The Problem and Its Background
Introduction
House is a building for human inhabitation wherein
concentration of indoor pollutant is higher than the outdoors that is why
cleaning is essential. In order to clean stains on the surfaces such as tables,
walls and countertops, various concepts of the prominent multi-surface
cleaners rise without people knowing its noxious content. Most of the
surface cleaners are too toxic and hazardous because of its chemical
content such as sodium hydroxide and sodium hypochlorite that can
permanently burn eyes and skin.
Meanwhile, most of the people widely consume garlic only as
seasoning, condiment or ingredient for daily food, not knowing the other
purposes of it, especially in terms of its vigorous properties. Allium sativum,
or commonly known as garlic, is a convenient and valuable herb, plant or
vegetable that grows around the world. When it comes to garlic, many
researches primarily tackle about its health benefits prior to its other
purposes such as killing bacteria. On the other side, acetic acid or white
vinegar has also proven itself a great disinfectant and bacteria-killer.
According to David Suzuki Foundation, acetic acid really tackles salmonella,

E. coli and other “gram-negative” bacteria that causes pneumonia,
meningitis and bloodstream, wound or surgical site infections.
Combining the idea of the versatile garlic and white vinegar
disinfectant into the harmless surface cleaner spray would make a huge
impact particularly in cleaning households without any hazardous acts. The
main purpose of the study is to create a home-made product that promotes
the antimicrobial properties of garlic and white vinegar as an alternative
multi-surface cleaner spray compare to other surface cleaner. Within this,
the researchers and even the community then can clean dirt on surfaces by
using the great nontoxic product that is entirely made from natural
ingredients if it worked as a multi-purpose cleaner on a wide variety
surfaces where dirt and microorganisms can. To make it clear, the research
aims to observe the potency of the cleaner spray made from garlic and
vinegar as an eliminator of different stains on various surfaces.
While garlic suggests numerous health benefits, the research
only considered its bacteria-cleaning benefit. The scope of the study
includes the antimicrobial properties of Allium sativum, and the properties
of other ingredients such as the acetic logarithmic scale (pH) of white
vinegar that make the surface cleaner effective. The study will show the
effect of the product to surfaces specifically table, wall, countertops, floor,
and door.

Statement of the Problem
Making a do-it-yourself surface cleaner undergoes process
and is not an easy task to do. Garlic, as given, can be an alternative nontoxic
surface cleaner because of its antimicrobial content together with the
vinegar.
The following are the research questions that shall be clarified
along with the study:
1. What is the primary role of Allium sativum in the experiment?
2. What is the main component of garlic that makes it able to remove dirt or
microorganisms?
3. What is the significance of putting the vinegar during the process of
experiment?
4. Does the scent affects the effectiveness of the product?
5. Is there any standard measure in applying the surface cleaner in different
surfaces?
6. What is the advantage of replacing your chemically infused surface
cleaner with the organic Allium sativum surface cleaner?
7. How do this surface cleaner differ from other products in terms of:
a. ingredients used in experiment?

b. toxicity?
c. efficacy of the product?
Significance of the Study
The results of the study will be of great benefit to the following:
To the school. The study will provide the students with
knowledge about the essence of garlic and vinegar especially the benefits
that they could get on how to make their own garlic with vinegar multi-
surface cleaner. It will give the students a realization that would finally know
why garlic and vinegar is very important to people especially the purpose of
this multi-surface cleaner. This Allium sativum with vinegar multi-surface
cleaner aims to provide a better multi-surface cleaner for surfaces such as
wood, glass and plastic.
To home. The research aims to produce an alternative
nontoxic multi-surface cleaner that can be used to help in household chores.
The study would provide families a cleaner easily made from natural
ingredients and guide families on what to do with the garlic. Parents would
be able to understand on why some people want to get some garlic and use
it regularly and know why vinegar is very important as cleaning agents. It
claims that garlic is an antimicrobial ingredients and vinegar as a

preservatives. The two ingredients is perfect combination because it is
affordable, effective and available.
To the community. The research can raise the awareness
of the community as to why garlic and vinegar is very versatile to daily life.
The study would help them formulate some preventive measures to help
the community and learn some useful information. The study will also
provide the community a new product that they can make in home with
natural ingredients that's why garlic and vinegar is very important.

Definition of Terms
Terms are defined conceptually and operationally for clearer
understanding of the study. Conceptual definition refers to meaning that is
derived from a certain idea while operational definition refers to the meaning
of word that is based on how it is used in the study.
Countertop. Horizontal work surface in kitchens or other food preparation
areas, bathrooms or lavatories, and workrooms in general.
Gram-negative bacteria. Bacteria that do not retain the crystal violet stain
used in the gram-staining method of bacterial differentiation. They are
characterized by their cell envelopes, which are composed of a thin
peptidoglycan cell wall sandwiched between an inner cytoplasmic cell
membrane and a bacterial outer membrane.
Logarithmic scale. Nonlinear scale used when there is a large range of
quantities. Common uses include earthquake strength, sound loudness,
light intensity, and pH of solutions.
Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) Also known as caustic soda or lye, is a highly
versatile substance used in a variety of manufacturing processes.
Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) Compound that can be effectively used for
water purification.

CHAPTER II
Review of Related Literature and Studies
Surface Cleaning Sprays' Noxious Composition
Surfactant is usually the main composition of consumer
products such as cleaning agents and is generally described in the form of
such acute toxicity data (Falbe, 2012). The previous study stated that
surfactants at low concentration can sometimes kill fishes and can have
more unsatisfying outcome if the surfactant is being high-concentrated. In
this study, the toxicity of the surfactant which is held by cleaning agents can
be observed evidently. This suggests that household cleaning supply can
be harmful in many ways especially when the poisonous cleaning product
is ingested, inhaled or touched.
Bacteria-killing Property of Garlic
According to the study of Pasteur, a French chemist and
microbiologist, garlic's potential as antibacterial agent is capable of killing
bacteria the way penicillin does and can disinfect bacteria from wounds.
This study proved that garlic is an anti-microbial and anti-bacterial agent to
heal wounds and to treat infections. But, it is stated that the efficacy of garlic
to be in an antibiotic needs more research to have definite conclusions. The
study tackles about garlic as an anti-microbial agent but discusses its

medical purpose. Thus, it is much related to the study conducting by the
researchers because of its anti-bacterial property.
The "Antibacterial effect of Garlic Aqueous Extract on
Staphylococcus aureus in Hamburger" study of Amir Sasan Mozaffari
Nejad, Sharokh Shabani and Seyed Ebrahim Hosseini (2014) expressed
that the Allium sativum (garlic) is one of the herbs who's a potential inhibitor
for food pathogens but can also has potential antibacterial effect. Foods
are contaminated with pathogens which can cause danger to consumer’s
health so the study provided an experiment to help the shelf life of a food
increase, and also the possibilities of food poisoning and spoilage in
processed foods decrease. In this study, the garlic aqueous extract was
prepared under sterile conditions and was added in 1, 2, and 3 mL to 100g
hamburger samples. The experiment proved garlic's property as
antimicrobial which can kill the pathogens residing in food.
The study of Selene Yeager states that allicin, one of the
active principles of freshly crushed garlic homogenates, has a variety of
antimicrobial activities. Allicin in its pure form was found to exhibit i)
antibacterial activity against a wide range of Gram-negative and Gram-
positive bacteria, including multidrug-resistant enter toxicogenic strains of
Escherichia coli; ii) antifungal activity. The medicinal use of garlic as an
antifungal agent has been validated by numerous research papers and
publications. Most of the antifungal properties of garlic have been attributed
to Allicin, a phytochemical that is produced when raw garlic cloves are

crushed or chopped. To maximize the Allicin-content of your garlic dishes,
you should let the chopped or crushed garlic sit several minutes before
using it. Research shows that allowing chopped or crushed garlic to sit for
10 to 15 minutes before using it can significantly increase the amount of
Allicin it produces. Antioxidants in garlic help protect the body from free
radicals, destructive oxygen molecules that attack healthy cells and that can
cause cellular damage. Due to their destructive effects on cells, free radicals
are heavily implicated in several diseases including eye disorders, dementia,
rheumatoid arthritis, cardiovascular problems, diabetes, atherosclerosis, an
impaired immune system, certain types of cancer, and even Alzheimer's
disease.
According to Peltier (2018), vinegar is usually used to clean
surfaces virtually. Which means when you clean with it, you can actually
see the difference without using a microscope or other equipment. It is due
to the power of vinegar's acidity level which makes it easy to remove dirt or
other stains. It is also used on different surfaces such as cooktops, ceramic
tiles and wood floors. Distilled white vinegar also removes soap scums,
grease and other stains which water alone cannot remove. It is also able to
deodorize objects which is another fascinating fact about an important
variable in this project, the vinegar. Vinegar also works well together with
other materials such as lemon or lime. It can also help the garlic in doing
the job of this product. This supports other materials' ability to clean by
amplifying it.

CHAPTER III
Methodology
Gathering of materials
To make a conclusion about the efficacy of garlic as a surface
cleaner, we created a mixture that will act as our sample but preparation for
the materials or ingredients is primary a requisite on how to make this
simple non-toxic surface cleaner. The spray bottle we will use as container
and a mean to spray the mixture on surfaces would be better if underwent
through sterilization process. Of course, the main variable in this study, the
garlic, is also needed which can easily be found in households. It is one of
the most common ingredient used in foods and can usually found in most
refrigerators. Other variables present in the mixture are water, vinegar and
your desired scent which is optional.
Mixture proper
Before proceeding to the mixture itself, four to five cloves of
garlic are needed to be chopped. Let it sit for about ten to fifteen minutes.
This way, the important chemical compound called Allicin, theoretically
according to some previous studies will proliferate in amount significantly.
Allicin has its antibacterial and antifungal property which will make huge
increment in the effectiveness of our product but this Allicin is the one

responsible for the distinctive odor of the garlic. Continuing the process, we
will put the chopped garlic in a bowl. After this we will pour two parts water
and one-half par vinegar in the bowl where the chopped garlic is residing.
Vinegar will help in making the mixture effective. The next thing to do is to
transfer the mixture of garlic and vinegar in a clean spray bottle. But before
transferring, sterilization is a must. It will make the product last longer and
it will not affect the effectiveness of the mixture. If not sterilized, it may be
contaminated and will spoil the mixture easily. Pour the bottle in hot water,
then rinse again. Using a funnel transfer the mixture.
Presence of the Desired Scent
In this product, the presence of your desired scent is optional
but will play a major role. This will provide extra rejuvenating scent which
will depend on your preference which will give you higher satisfaction in
making this product. Just add a little amount of scent on the mixture and
you are done. Your surface cleaner is now ready to use.
Testing of the Product
In order to test the effectiveness of the product, the
researchers used the product in different materials, each material also has
different stain or dirt that will measure the efficacy of the surface cleaner.
The materials are as follows: glass and plastic table, ceramic countertop,
concrete wall1 and wooden door. As for the variables or materials that will
be used to measure the effectiveness of our product, there are three per

surface which is commonly seen on that specific area. Variables are defined
as any object or thing that varies quantitatively or qualitatively. In this case,
the variables are the different surfaces and the various stains to be acted
upon. According to the dictionary, stain is a dirty mark that cannot be easily
removed. The list of stains tested in the experiment are as follows:
Dirt. Substance like mud or dust that makes surface unclean or dirty.
Sauce spill. Characterized by spillage of viand sauce or condiments such
as ketchup, mayonnaise, gravy, and mustard.
Beverage spill. Stain made from spilled beverages such as soft drinks, milk,
fruit juices, etc.
Marker ink. Stain made by writing with a marker.
Candle wax. Melted candle.
Adhesive. Substance, like glue, paste or tape, which holds material.
Cooking oil. Spilled or excess oil used for cooking.
Crayons. Stain from coloring crayons that is made from wax.
The above mentioned variables are the ones that are used in
conducting the testing of the product. The researchers then applied the
surface cleaner in each area containing specific stains. This will determine
which surface is the best place and perfect stains to use this surface cleaner.

CHAPTER IV
Data Analysis
In this chapter, data are shown in the form of table. The
mixture of garlic and vinegar was used as a multi-surface cleaner to know
its efficacy to the different stains on surfaces. The research instrument used
in the study was experiment and observation. The researchers only made
one experiment for each stain on each surface (3 stains each on glass and
plastic table, concrete wall, ceramic countertop and wooden door) leading
to 16 experiments because the efficacy tested is just a matter of being
removed or not. The results of the experiment are shown in five tables
indicating the five surfaces the experiment was being held.
Table 1. Efficacy of the Product to Different Stains on Plastic Table
Stain Results
This type of stain was not easy to remove in seconds

Sauce spill because the sauce spill spread out while being
cleaned. However, it was fully removed at
some point.
Permanent marker ink cannot be removed just by the

Marker ink mixture of garlic and vinegar, however, marker ink that
were not permanent was cleansed easily.
Beverage spill Without putting any extra effort, the stain was easily
removed.

Plastic is a synthetic material that resists corrosion or
chemicals. Stains like sauce spill, especially beverage spill, will not be
absorbed by the table’s plastic property and will remain in their viscous non-
Newtonian fluid (fluid that is composed of solids in suspension of liquids)
and liquid form respectively. They were the ones that can easily be cleansed
using the mixture of garlic and vinegar. The effect of the mixture to the
marker ink, on the other hand, varies whether the marker is permanent or
non-permanent. Permanent markers are composed of volatile organic
compound that evaporate to dry the ink and it is water-resistant (Wikipedia,
2018). It can only be removed through the use of high pressure cleaning,
paint thinner and such.
Table 2. Efficacy of the Product to Different Stains on Glass Table
Stain Results
Sauce spill Like on the plastic table, the spill spread out a little but
cleansed afterwards.
Beverage spill Like on the plastic table, the stain was easily and
effortlessly removed.
Candle wax Fresh melted candle just expand until it was

hardened. Only then the wax can be eliminated.
Acids, water and alkaline are the chemicals glass cannot
absorb and resisted from. With the ceramic countertop surface being placed
second, glass can be considered as the most unsusceptible among the

other three given surfaces by which it has extremely high compressive
strength of 1000 N/mm2 or 1000 MPa. A single molecule cannot enter this
type of surface and stains will just dry up.
The mixture surely had a great effect with cleansing dried
beverage spill and sauce spill. Removing the candle wax lead to some
complications as wax was insoluble in water and only soluble in ether,
benzene and certain esters. It cannot be dissolved entirely but can be
removed as a whole.
Table 3. Efficacy of the Product to Different Stains on Concrete Wall
Stain Results
The transition and opacity of the ink can be observed

Marker ink from visible to none as the surface cleaner was
placed.
Glue and paste are eliminated easily. Meanwhile, tape

Adhesives was hard to remove especially when having its
outermost layer.
Crayons After scratching a bit harder, the crayon then was

removed.
The effect of the mixture to the maker ink on the table also
had the same effect on the wall. The acidity of the vinegar could not remove
permanent marker ink. As for the non-permanent marker, the transition of
the opacity of the stain was obviously seen from being visible to the naked

eye until it completely vanish. For some reason, crayons were removed
probably because of the lesser friction and 25 to 40 MPa compression
strength of the concrete wall. Dried glue and paste was easily removed but
tape was one thing. The outside layer of the tape cannot be cleansed even
the sticky material it carved and left.
Table 4. Efficacy of the Product to Different Stains on Ceramic Countertop
Stain Results
Sauce spill Unlike on tables, the sauce spill on the counter top or
kitchen worktop was simply cleansed.
Cooking oil The cooking oil was just absorbed by the cloth used
for wiping and it was removed easily.
Dirt After some thorough cleaning and wiping, the dirt was
nowhere to be found.
The countertop or kitchen worktop surface in a house is
usually made of ceramic tiles. As stated on the discussion on the glass table,
the ceramic places second among the given surfaces on being the hardest
in terms of compression strength. It is also smooth resulting to less friction.
Therefore, stains cannot be absorbed and can be removed easily. Cooking
oil is a liquid with high density and viscosity and is absorbed by the
absorbent wiping cloth, same as what happened to sauce spill. Dirt from
between the tiles are also easily removed after thorough wiping.

Table 5. Efficacy of the Product to Different Stains on Wooden Door
Stain Results
After applying the mixture on the wooden door which

Marker ink has stains of markers on it, the stains are slowly
disappearing which satisfies the effectiveness of the
product.
It was the easiest to remove from all of the stains.

Dirt After the process of applying the solution of the
cleaner, it easily faded.
Crayons Among all of the other variables, this kind of stain was
not removed by the cleaner.
Because of the roughness of wooden door, marker ink and
crayons attached to the surface very tight. This become a problem for the
crayon for it cannot be removed. Putting extra efforts, the marker was
removed with the same process in the plastic table and concrete wall but
slower. Dirt, however, such as dust and mud are easily eliminated by the
cleaner spray.
There are numerous possible stains that can be seen on
surfaces but after a certain process or procedure with the help of organic
materials, which are garlic and vinegar, the cleansing of those stain were
made possible. The mixture have different reactions when sprayed at used
on different surfaces. The rankings starting from the surface that the mixture

acted upon the most effective from the least effective are as follows: glass
table, ceramic countertop, plastic table, concrete wall, and wooden door.
The variables that affect the potency of the mixture to the surface are the
friction created between the surface and the medium of stain or the question
on how strong the stain holds to the surface, and the absorbent and
resistant properties of the surface itself.
1. What is the primary role of Allium sativum in the experiment?
The primary role of Allium sativum, commonly known as garlic
in this product is to give a chemical compound called Allicin which is the
main component in using garlic as an ingredient of the nontoxic surface
cleaner.
2. What is the main component of garlic that enables to remove dirt?
The main component of the garlic that enables it to remove
unwanted dirt is called Allicin. It comes out of the garlic a few minutes
after it was chopped. It is the main reason why garlic has the ability to
remove certain dirt.
3. What is the significance of putting the vinegar during the process of
experiment?
Vinegar also plays a major role on this product. It lends a
helping hand on garlic which increases the cleaning ability of the solution.
Its acidity enables it to dissolve stains easily.
4. Does the scent affects the effectiveness of the product?

Yes, because certain scents has some functions also. For
example, you chose to use homemade lemon extract, it will help
because it has cleaning properties also. But, your desired scent would
not lessen the effectiveness of the product.
5. Is there any standard measure in applying the surface cleaner in
different surfaces?
The standard measure in using this is to apply it first on a
sponge or clean fabric, then apply it on the desired surface that you are
going to clean.
6. What is the advantage of replacing your chemically infused surface
cleaner with the organic Allium sativum and vinegar surface cleaner?
Replacing your chemically infused surface cleaner with this
product has a great advantage. It has advantages in different aspects.
It is low cost, easy to find or make, east to replace, nontoxic and many
more.
7. How do this surface cleaner differ from the usual surface cleaner in
terms of:
A. Ingredients
There is a significant difference between the two products in
terms of the ingredients used in products. The commercial cleaner often uses
chemical in order to clean, this usually contains surfactants that are harmful,
unlike the proposed product, and it is organic and non-toxic.

B. Toxicity
In terms of toxicity, there is still a significant difference because
the project, which is the surface cleaner, is made from non-toxic materials unlike
those commercial ones which contains noxious chemicals.
C. Effectiveness of the product
About the effectiveness of the product, there is no significant
difference between the effects of two products. Both products can clean certain
surfaces with ease.

CHAPTER V
Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation
Conclusion and Recommendation
The study ended providing an insight about the garlic surface
cleaner. Each variable that is present in the mixture serves major and minor
roles. Researches stated that garlic is one broad spectrum antibiotic which
can kill wide variety of bacteria. The primitive essence of the property of
Allium sativum (garlic), which provided the biggest role, is proven to be
antimicrobial and it can kill bacteria. Allicin, the compound found in chopped
garlics that creates the garlics unpleasant smell is the one that gave life to
its antimicrobial property. Meanwhile, the vinegar lends a helping hand that
makes the mixture more effective by increasing the acidity level of the
mixture which greatly contributed to the effectiveness of the said product.
The increase in level of acidity makes it easy to dissolve stains that is the
primary function of the surface cleaner. The test conducted by the
researchers was enough to show the effectiveness of the surface cleaner
on different surfaces and stains during the experiment. This will give you
the knowledge and background on how and where to use the product. Now,
everyone can take this antibacterial property to be put in the idea of a

nontoxic surface cleaner. By doing so, there is no need to buy surface
cleaners with surfactants.
Summary
Allium sativum or garlic is a vegetable commonly seen on
groceries, supermarket in some gardens and even in our kitchen which
makes it easy to find. It is commonly used as an ingredient of different
cuisines but many of us did not know what other functions this vegetable
can perform. It is unknown to most of the people. Previous studies always
refer garlic as medicine or having medicinal purpose. The study showcases
the other face of the garlic that previous studies did not approach, it can be
used as a surface cleaner with the help of other variables such as vinegar
and lemon extract. Garlic contains Allicin, a compound which is proven for
its antimicrobial property. Vinegar is used in food preparation and it is often
used as condiments. Evidently, white vinegar is commonly used to clean
the surface for it is a great disinfectant. If you are cleaning without using a
microscope or other devices, you may notice a difference. This is caused
by the strength of the acetic acid level and can easily remove dust and other
stains. White vinegar distilled water also removes soap, grease and other
stains that cannot be removed with water. You can also eliminate the
interesting smell of vinegar, an important variable in this project. It can also
help make garlic work with this product which also maintains the purity of

other materials by improving. Common surface cleaners usually contain
surfactants that is toxic to human being. This is why the research aims to
promote a nontoxic surface cleaner using garlic and vinegar as its main
component. Here are the steps on how to make the non-toxic surface
cleaner first, you just have to chop some cloves of garlic and let it sit for ten
to fifteen minutes in order to let the compound Allicin come out. Allicin is the
most important compound in this experiment. Second, just pour water and
also you can add your desired scents like lemon, orange or lavender it is
optional. And lastly transfer the mixture in a clean spray bottle. But before
transferring, always remember sterilization is a must because it may be
contaminated easily and also it will help the product to last longer. In order
to test the effectiveness of the surface cleaner, the researchers tried it on
different surfaces containing different kinds of stains; dirt like mud and dust;
sauce spill such as ketchup, mayonnaise, gravy, and mustard; beverage
spill such as soft drinks, milk, fruit juices, etc.; marker ink stain that is made
from marker; candle wax or melted candle; adhesive like glue, paste or tape;
cooking oil; and crayons made from coloring crayons. The mixture of garlic
and vinegar have different reactions on the different surfaces acted upon
with various stains.

References
Yadav, S., Trivedi, N. A., & Bhatt, J. D. (2015). Antimicrobial activity of

fresh garlic juice: An in vitro study. Ayu, 36(2), 203-7.
Mozaffari Nejad, A. S., Shabani, S., Bayat, M., & Hosseini, S. E. (2014).
Antibacterial Effect of Garlic Aqueous Extract on Staphylococcus aureus
in Hamburger. Jundishapur journal of microbiology, 7(11), e13134.
Lu, X., Rasco, B. A., Jabal, J. M., Aston, D. E., Lin, M., & Konkel, M. E.
(2011). Investigating antibacterial effects of garlic (Allium sativum)
concentrate and garlic-derived organosulfur compounds on
Campylobacter jejuni by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,
Raman spectroscopy, and electron microscopy. Applied and
environmental microbiology, 77(15), 5257-69.
Ankri S., Mirelman D. (1999) Microbes and Infection, 1 (2), pp. 125-129.
https://www.healwithfood.org/medicinal-uses/garlic-healing-
properties.php?fbclid=IwAR1786vZdvityXdeExkfzUVfM__Eh7VzYuxXr
2WZ0VynnTeFQTsG8PXifxY


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ASSEMBLYWOMAN FELICITA G.

BERNARDINO MEMORIAL TRADE SCHOOL

Removing Some Possible Stains on Various Surfaces Using the

Sanitizing Property of Allium sativum and Acetic acid

as a Non-toxic Multi-surface Cleaner

Presented to the Faculty of the

Assemblywoman Felicita G. Bernadino Memorial Trade School

Of the Requirements for the Biology II

Del Mundo, Angela Julianne L.

Dela Fuente, Angelica Mae B.

Tangonan, Miguel Jordan V.

Acbayan, Jhon Kenneth A.

Dela Cruz, John Paul S.

Donato, Romeo Jr. B.

ACADEMIC TRACK – SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING AND MATHEMATICS STRAND 1

Statement of the Problem…………………………………………………….….7

Significance of the Study……………………………………………………….....8

Review of Related Literature……………………………………………………11

Conclusion and Recommendation..............................................................25

ACADEMIC TRACK – SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING AND MATHEMATICS STRAND 2

God for establishing us with strength and wisdom to complete this

We also express are sincere thanks to our teacher in Biology,

Mrs. Madeline Manansala for providing us with all the necessary

information and guiding us in doing this research.

I place on record, our sincere gratitude to our families for their

constant support, understanding and encouragement in the making

and conducting of this project.

support and guidance in the fulfillment of the research.

We take this opportunity to record our sincere thanks to all the

project which then helped us in conducting this project.

We also extend our gratitude to our classmates and friends and

all of the people who contributed directly or indirectly in the fulfillment

ACADEMIC TRACK – SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING AND MATHEMATICS STRAND 3

Garlic (Allium sativum) and Vinegar (Acetic Acid) are

commonly seen in households. Its uses are more popular as ingredients in

sativum was reported as a wonderful medicinal plant and Acetic acid is a

chemical reagent for the production of chemical compounds. Both contains

is to create a non-toxic multi-surface cleaner to wipe off the dirt and to

sanitize also a particular surface. The researchers chopped four to five

surfaces in order to assess its efficacy.

ACADEMIC TRACK – SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING AND MATHEMATICS STRAND 4

The Problem and Its Background

House is a building for human inhabitation wherein

concentration of indoor pollutant is higher than the outdoors that is why

cleaning is essential. In order to clean stains on the surfaces such as tables,

walls and countertops, various concepts of the prominent multi-surface

content such as sodium hydroxide and sodium hypochlorite that can

permanently burn eyes and skin.

Meanwhile, most of the people widely consume garlic only as

purposes of it, especially in terms of its vigorous properties. Allium sativum,

or commonly known as garlic, is a convenient and valuable herb, plant or

vinegar has also proven itself a great disinfectant and bacteria-killer.

According to David Suzuki Foundation, acetic acid really tackles salmonella,

ACADEMIC TRACK – SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING AND MATHEMATICS STRAND 5

E. coli and other “gram-negative” bacteria that causes pneumonia,

meningitis and bloodstream, wound or surgical site infections.

Combining the idea of the versatile garlic and white vinegar

impact particularly in cleaning households without any hazardous acts. The

main purpose of the study is to create a home-made product that promotes

the antimicrobial properties of garlic and white vinegar as an alternative

multi-surface cleaner spray compare to other surface cleaner. Within this,

ingredients if it worked as a multi-purpose cleaner on a wide variety