Lesson Plan in Business Mathematics

Time Allotment: 60 minutes

Content Standard: Presentation and Analysis of Business Data
Performance Standard: Solve problems in real-life situations, present data in
graphical form, and analyze them.

Learning Competencies: Analyze and interprets the data presented in the table
using measures of central tendency and variability and
test of significant differences. (ABM_BM11PAD-IIh-5)

I. Objectives

At the end of the lesson, student should be able to:

1. Find the range and standard deviation of ungrouped data.
2. Interpret data from the range and standard deviation.
3. Give the characteristics of a set of data using the measures of variability.

II. Subject Matter

Topic: Business Mathematics

Sub-Topic:
References:
a. Advanced Algebra, Trigonometry and Statistics by Nivera Gladys C. p. 360
b. Advanced Algebra, Trigonometry and Statistics by Bernabe Julieta G. p. 270

Materials: LCD projector, White board, whit board marker

III. Procedure

A. Routinary Activities
1. Prayers
2. Greetings
3. Checking of attendance
4. Review/drills
What is the central tendency? Find the central tendency of the following data:
75, 80, 85, 82, 90, 73, 84

B. Priming

Watch game premier of NBA finals 2016 Golden State Warriors Vs Cleveland
Cavaliers.
Who do you think the winner of this series? Why? What is your basis?
C. Lesson Proper

Activity
Which among two teams are better? Consider the scores of two teams.
Golden State Warriors; 97, 100, 94, 103, 111
Cleveland Cavaliers; 106, 101, 90, 93, 115
Find the central tendency of the two teams.

Analysis
Answer the following questions.
1. If they have the same mean, where do they better?
2. Find the highest and lowest values of each team.
3. How far in each of these values from the mean of distribution?

Abstraction
Definitions
1. Variability – is a reflection of the individual differences between the people
and events being investigate.
2. Measure of variability – describe how large the difference between
individual difference
3. Range – a set of data is the difference between the highest score (HS) and
the lowest score (LS)
R = HS – LS
4. Standard Deviation – is a number that indicates how the score are
scattered about the mean of distribution. It is the square root of the
variance.
∑( 𝑥− ̅̅̅
𝑥)2
Variance s2 = 𝑛
∑( 𝑥− ̅̅̅
𝑥)2
Standard Deviation = √𝑠 2 = √ 𝑛
Steps in Finding Standard Deviation
1. Compute the mean score
2. Complete the table by finding the difference of each score from the mean,
square each deviation and divide the sum of the square deviations by the
number of score n. This is the variance.
3. Find the square root of the variance. This is standard deviation.
 COMPARISON OF THE MEASURES OF VARIABILITY

Measure Advantages Disadvantage

Of
Variability
Range 1. Easy to compute 1. Unstable from group to group
2. Gives a unique value 2. Not a representative of the set of
3. Easy to understand data, as it uses only 2 scores
3. Not used in further computations
Standard 1. Most stable 1. Affected by extreme scores
Deviation 2. Gives a unique value 2. More difficult to compute and
3. Most representative understand
4. Used in further
computations

Example 1. Find the standard deviation of the Golden State Warriors (GSW) and the San
Antonio Spurs (SAS).

Score (𝑥 − 𝑥̅ ) (𝑥 − 𝑥̅ )2 Score of (𝑥 − 𝑥̅ ) (𝑥 − 𝑥̅ )2
of GS CAVS
97 4 16 106 -5 25
100 1 1 101 0 0
94 7 49 90 11 121
103 -2 4 93 8 64
111 -10 100 115 -4 16
𝑥̅ = 101 ∑(𝑥 − ̅̅̅
𝑥)2 = 170 𝑥̅ = 101 ∑(𝑥 − ̅̅̅
𝑥)2 = 226
∑( 𝑥− 𝑥̅ )2 170 ∑( 𝑥− 𝑥̅ )2 226
𝑆𝐷 = √ = √ = √34 = 5.83 𝑆𝐷 = √ = √ = √45.2 = 6.72
𝑛 5 𝑛 5

Majority of the scores of Warriors range from 95.17 to 106.83 while the scores of
Cavaliers range from 94.28 to 107.72. Therefore Warriors is more consistent than Cavalier.

Example 2. Calculate the range and standard deviation of love to the human and interpret.

Days God’s love (𝑥 − 𝑥̅ ) (𝑥 − 𝑥̅ )2

Monday 100% 0 0
Tuesday 100% 0 0
Wednesday 100% 0 0
Thursday 100% 0 0
Friday 100% 0 0
Saturday 100% 0 0
Sunday 100% 0 0
 The love of God to the human is consistent since the mean is 100 and the standard deviation
is 0.

Application

Group Activity: Compare the standard deviation of the grams of the three corn beef
brands.

Student Scores
Argentina (Group 1) 97g., 92g., 96g., 95g., 90g.
Rodeo (Group 2 ) 94g., 94g., 92g., 94g., 96g.
CDO (Group 3) 95g., 94g., 93g., 96g., 92g.
Solution:

Argentina Corn beef

Step 1. Compute the mean score.

∑𝑥 92 + 92 + 96 + 95 + 90
𝑥̅ = = = 94
𝑛 5
Step 2. Complete the table below.

x (𝑥 − 𝑥̅ ) (𝑥 − 𝑥̅ )2
97 3 9
92 -2 4
96 2 4
95 1 1
90 4 16
∑(𝑥 − ̅̅̅
𝑥)2 = 34

Step 3. Compute the standard deviation

 ∑( 𝑥 − 𝑥̅ )2 34
𝑆𝐷 = √ = √ = √6.8 = 2.6
𝑛 5

Majority of the product weights 91.4 to 96.6.

Rodeo Corn beef

Step 1. Compute the mean score.

∑𝑥 92 + 94 + 94 + 94 + 96
𝑥̅ = = = 94
𝑛 5
Step 2. Complete the table below.

x (𝑥 − 𝑥̅ ) (𝑥 − 𝑥̅ )2
94 0 0
94 0 0
92 -2 4
94 0 0
96 2 4
∑(𝑥 − ̅̅̅
𝑥)2 = 8

Step 3. Compute the standard deviation

∑( 𝑥 − 𝑥̅ )2 8
𝑆𝐷 = √ = √ = √1.6 = 1.3
𝑛 5

Majority of the product weights 92.7 to 95.3.

CDO Corn beef

Step 1. Compute the mean score.

∑𝑥 95 + 94 + 93 + 96 + 92
𝑥̅ = = = 94
𝑛 5
Step 2. Complete the table below.

x (𝑥 − 𝑥̅ ) (𝑥 − 𝑥̅ )2
95 1 1
94 0 0
93 -1 1
96 2 4
92 -2 4
 ∑(𝑥 − ̅̅̅
𝑥)2 = 10
Step 3. Compute the standard deviation

∑( 𝑥 − 𝑥̅ )2 10
𝑆𝐷 = √ = √ = √2 = 1.4
𝑛 5

Majority of the product weights 91.4 to 96.6.

The weight of Rodeo corn beef is clustered closer to the mean. This shows that the weight
of Rodeo is most consistent among the three set of weights.

IV. Assessment

Calculate the range and standard deviation of the following;

1. The weights in grams of 10 sugars in a market;

68 , 66, 70, 67, 68, 65, 64, 68, 69, 70
2. Heights in centimeters of 10 Monggol pencil:
16.3, 16.0, 15.2, 15.0, 16.8, 15.7, 16.5, 15.7, 16.8, 16.0
3. Ages of group of employees:
24, 28, 35, 27, 42, 29, 31, 32, 25, 26, 25, 32, 33, 41, 23, 30

V. Agreement

Interview one business owner near to your home. Find the net income of the
business for 7 days. Compute the standard deviation and interpret the data. Write
your answer in ½ crosswise sheet of paper.

VI. Remarks

Number of learners within a mastery level ____________

Number of learners need reinforcement ____________

Prepared by:

RAYMOND RICHARD A. MAGAN

Reviewed by:

BENJIE M. BUENDICHO
Classroom Manager