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Travel Pattern in The Near Future
Travel Pattern in The Near Future
Report by
I would like to thank especially our friends Vishal Bhatia and Balasaheb Mahajan for their support and
encouragement in and during the collection of data. They have been instrumental in completion of this project.
I am grateful to The Western Railway for their patience and generosity in sharing of data.
I would like to thank the Statistics department of St. Xavier’s College for their support and guidance in
completion of this interesting project. Their advice and encouragement is appreciated.
I am grateful to Prof. Macario for giving us this opportunity to work on the same.
- Heemanish Midde
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
i. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
1. INTRODUCTION
2. RESEARCH OBJECTIVE
2.3. AIM
2.4. OBJECTIVE
2.5. PURPOSE
4. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
4.4. Calculations
5. DATA INTERPRETATION
6. CONCLUSION
6.2. Causes
7. RECOMMENDATION
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1
INTRODUCTION
The Mumbai Suburban Railway system, part of the public transportation system of Mumbai, is provided for by
the state-run Indian Railways' two zonal Western Railways and Central Railways. The system carries more than
6.1 million commuters on a daily basis and constitutes more than half of the total daily passenger capacity of
the Indian Railways itself. It has the highest passenger density of any urban railway system in the world.
The Western Railway line between Churchgate terminus and Dahanu Road carries about 2.6 million passengers
per day, almost 43 percent of the total Mumbai suburban rail traffic. The annual passenger traffic density for
the Western Line exceeds 145 million passenger-km per km of route per year. In other words, more than 145
million passengers travel, on average, over each km of line per year. The busiest segment, 60 km between
Churchgate terminus and Virar, carries almost 900 million passengers per year. The annual traffic density,
about 255 million passenger-km per km of route, is believed to be the world record for passenger rail
transport.
Due to its extensive reach across the Mumbai Metropolitan Region, and its intensive use by the local urban
population, overcrowding has grown to be a compelling problem (4,700 passengers are packed into a 9-car
rake during peak hours, as against the rated carrying capacity of 1,700). This has resulted in what is known as
Super-Dense Crush Load of 14 to 16 standing passengers per square meter of floor space. Trains on the
suburban line are on average more than 4 minutes apart, contributing to the problem of overcrowding.
People in this belt face a big commuting problem. Men even travel atop the trains and even precariously hang
out, risking their lives nearly everyday. Many women also travel on one foot or half heels inside the train and
half heels outside! Accidents are common along this belt. People living in these areas have been crying for
better train facilities since many years. Their dreams will hopefully be a reality soon! The quadrupling project
which began in 1990s was always halted or delayed due to number of reasons like - hutments in the way of the
proposed tracks and many other ones!
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With population in the Borivali to Virar region rising (reason being rising real estate rates in main Mumbai and
people moving for cheaper and bigger flats beyond), the commuting problem worsened.
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2
RESEARCH OBJECTIVES
2.3 OBJECTIVE
To Identify Causes of overcrowding
To Identify Alternatives modes of transport
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3
ASSUMPTIONS & DECLARATIONS
6
4
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
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4.2 Data Collection & Analysis
Primary data
Coach 1
90
80
70
N 60 n
u n
50 n n n n
m
n
b
40 n n
e
r 30
20
m m
10 m m m m
m m m
0
6.49 7.03 7.11 7.27 7.38 7.49 7.58 8.04 8.19
Train Timings
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Coach 2
120
100
N 80
n
u n
m n
60 n n
b
e n
n n
r 40
n
20 m m
m m m
m m
m
m
0
6.49 7.03 7.11 7.27 7.38 7.49 7.58 8.04 8.19
Train Timings
Coach 3
120
100
N 80 n
u n
m n
n n
60 n n
b
e n
n
r 40
m
m
20 m m m m
m m m
0
6.49 7.03 7.11 7.27 7.38 7.49 7.58 8.04 8.19
Train Timings
Secondary Data
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4.3 Calculations
Statistical Calculation
Mean = 0.4867
Median = 0.508
Mode = 0.333
Range = 0.646
Inter – Quartile Range = 0.2655
Sample Variance = 0.0311
Sample Standard Deviation = 0.1763
Sample Skewness = -0.073
Sample Kurtosis = -0.7162
Population Variance = 0.0299
Population Standard Deviation = 0.1730
Population Skewness = -0.069
Population Kurtosis = -0.8045
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Probability calculated on the basis of Train and Coach
Probability (Train)
0.7
0.6
P
0.5
r
o
b
0.4
a
b
i
0.3
l
i
t
0.2
y
0.1
0
6.49 7.03 7.11 7.27 7.38 7.49 7.58 8.04 8.19
Train
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Probability (Coach)
0.7
0.6
P
r 0.5
o
b
0.4
a
b
i
0.3
l
i
t 0.2
y
0.1
0
1st 6th 10th
Coach Number
Probability of boarding the train from the 10th coach (0.627) is the highest while that of 1st coach
(0.362) is lowest
Probability of boarding the 7.11 local (0.663) is the highest while that of 6.49 local (0.380) is the lowest
P [Getting into a Virar bound Local from Borivali station during the peak hours] = 0.486
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5
DATA INTERPRETATION
The Probability of 0.486 shows that a person at Borivali Station waiting to board the Virar Local during the
peak hours has a chance of less than 50% of being successful
We can also interpret that the reason of higher success rate at/around coach number 10 could be because of
the foot over bridge, which leads to the bus stop and the auto rickshaw stand outside the station
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6
CONCLUSION
Probability of success being only 48.6% is very low
In the near future the probability may drop even further due to the residential developments in the Vasai –
Virar region and the commercial developments in the Borivali region
The Western railways may end up falling into big trouble if they act fast!!!
6.1 Causes
No direct road link between Borivali and Vasai-Virar
No alternative mode of transportation
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7
RECOMMENDATION
The project of Quadrupling of the railway tracks between Borivali and Virar has to take the front seat
The old engines has to be replaced by newer and faster engines, which will increase the train speed and hence
the frequency of the trains could be looked upon
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A Positive outcome is that, The Western Railway has already taken its first step towards the improvement of
Western Railway. They have started replacing their old engines and racks with new ones from May 2007
onwards. But they need to accelerate in the Quadrupling project.
*****
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