MÖš’ ch©v‡jvPbv

ARq ivq Ges kvgmy¾vgvb Lvb (m¤úvw`Z), Ôevsjv I evOvwji

BwZnvmÕ, evsjv GKv‡Wgx XvKv, 2015), PZz_© LÛ (1g ce©),
mgqKvj : gvP© 1971ÑwW‡m¤^i 1972, c„ôv-476, g~j¨ : 400
UvKv|
Aviwdbv AvwRRybbvni*

GKwU RvwZ Zvi BwZnv‡mi ga¨ w`‡q †eu‡P _v‡K, †e‡o D‡V, GwM‡q hvq| Avevi
BwZnvm GKwU RvwZi mgvR, ms¯‹…wZ, A_©bxwZ I ivóªxq aviYv‡K wb‡q M‡o D‡V|
G¸‡jv BwZnv‡mi Dcv`vb| BwZnv‡mi wfwË n‡jv Z‡_¨i mwbœ‡ek| evsjv‡`‡ki
ivR‡bwZK BwZnvm NUbveûj, Z_¨ eûj| i‡q‡Q Z‡_¨i weK…wZI| ZvB evievi
BwZnvm †jLv nq| BwZnv‡mi Z_¨ LÛb Kiv nq, bZzb K‡i Avevi BwZnvm †jLv nq|
evsjv GKv‡Wwg KZ©©„K Ôevsjv I evOvwji BwZnvmÕ MÖš’wUi PZz_© L‡Ûi 1g c‡e©i12 wU
cÖe‡Üi cÖqvmI GiKgB `j-g‡Zi D‡aŸ© †_‡K wbi‡c¶ `„wó‡Z ivR‰bwZK BwZnv‡mi
mZ¨vbymÜvb|
Jcwb‡ewkK kvmbvgj †_‡KBevsjv‡`‡k ¯’vbxq I AvÂwjK BwZnvm iPbv ïiæ
n‡jI evOvwji nvZ a‡i evsjv I evOvwji BwZnvm iPbv ïiæ nq †`k wefvM ev AviI
¯úó K‡i ej‡Z †M‡j 1952 mv‡ji ci| G‡ÿ‡Î evOvwji BwZnvm iPbvi cw_K…r
wn‡m‡e hv‡`i cÖwZ Avgiv K…ZÁ Zviv n‡jb W. i‡gkP›`ª gRyg`vi, AvPvh© h`ybv_
miKvi, ivLvj`vm e‡›`¨vcva¨vq, `x‡bkPš¿ †mb, wmivRyj Bmjvg m¤úvw`Z evsjv‡`‡ki
BwZnvm (1704-1971), W. bxnviiÃb ivq cÖg~L|GQvovI 1952 mv‡ji ci
evsjv‡`‡ki BwZnvm iPbvi aviv ˆZwi n‡q‡Q, A‡b‡KB A‡bK DbœZ I Z_¨mg„×
BwZnvm MÖš’ iPbv Ki‡Qb|hvi ‡ewkifvMB †kÖwY K‡ÿ cvV Dc‡hvMx, KviY ‡ewki fvMB
wba©vwiZ wkÿvµg Abyhvqx iPwZ|
BwZnvm GLb ïaygvÎ ivR¨-ivRv-ev`kv-mgqKvj Ges Xvj-Z‡jvqv‡ii Mí bq|
A_ev ïay cÖv‰MwZnvwK hyM, cÖvPxb hyM, ga¨ hyM ev AvaywbK hy‡Mi BwZnvm bq| ivRbxwZ
Avi ivR‰bwZK aviv, RvZxqZvev` Avi RvZxqZv‡ev‡ai H‡K¨i aviv Ges Av‡›`vjb
msMÖv‡giI BwZnvm| Av‡›`vjb msMÖv‡gi ga¨ w`‡q ivóª cÖwZôv, c„w_exi gvbwP‡Î bZzb
K‡i AvZ¥cÖKvk Ges Gi †cQ‡bi †cÖÿvcUI mgvb ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| Gme welq¸‡jv we‡ePbvq
G‡b evsjv GKv‡Wwg Ôevsjv I evOvwji BwZnvmÕ GB wk‡ivbv‡g Pvi L‡Û Z_¨ mg„×
*
mnKvix Aa¨vcK, BwZnvm wefvM, XvKv K‡jR, XvKv|
Jagannath University Journal of Arts 143

BwZnvmMÖš’ †jLvi cÖKí MÖnY K‡i| hvi g~j jÿ¨ n‡”Q evOvwj RvwZ‡K Zvi RvwZmË¡vi
cwiPq AbymÜv‡b DrmvnxZ Kiv,evOvwj Zvi evOvwjZ¡‡K aviY K‡i Av_©-mvgvwRK,
ivR‰bwZK I mvs¯K…wZK¯^KxqZv‡K Rvbvi Ges Abyfe Kiv‡bvi cÖqvm|G `vwqZ¡wU
cvjb K‡i‡Qb evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^bvg ab¨ Ges mybvg ab¨ BwZnvmwe` I cwÛZ ¸wYRb|
GB cÖKíwU ev¯Íevq‡b AK¬všÍ cwikÖg K‡i‡Qb KwgwUi m`m¨iv Ñ Aa¨vcK isMjvj †mb,
ARq ivq, Aa¨vcK Avey †gvnv¤§` †`‡jvqvi †nv‡mb I W. wd‡ivR gvngy`| Dc‡`óv
wn‡m‡e Aa¨vcK mvjvnDwÏb Avn&g`, Ges Aa¨vcK Avwbmy¾vgvb| m¤úv`bv K‡i‡Qb
Aa¨vcK ARq ivq Ges kvgmy¾vgvb Lvb| hyM¥-m¤úv`‡Ki `vwq‡Z¡ wQ‡jb †gveviK
†nv‡mb Ges Avwgbyi ingvb myjZvb|
MÖš’wUi we‡klZ¡ n‡”Q, mg‡qi cwiwa Kg, wKš`we¯Í…wZ Ges cwimi e¨vcK|3gvP©,
1971| †cªwm‡W›U Bqvwnqvi XvKvq MYcwil‡`i Awa‡ekb evwZj †NvlYv †_‡K 16
wW‡m¤^i-1972 A_©vr ¯^vaxb evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb ch©šÍ A_©vr gyw³hy‡×i c~Yv©½ mgqwU‡K
¸iæZ¡ †`Iqv n‡q‡Q| †hLv‡b evOvwji mvgvwRK-mvs¯‹…wZK A_©‰bwZK I ivR‰bwZK
weKvkaviv Zz‡j aiv n‡q‡Q|
MÖš’wUi AviI we‡klZ¡ n‡”Q, MÖš’wU iPbvi Drm¨ wn‡m‡e cÖwZwU L‡Ûi cÖwZwU
Aa¨vqB evOvwji †MŠiegq BwZnvm m„wó‡Z hviv Ae`vb †i‡L‡Qb, hviv cÖZ¨ÿ`k©x
wQ‡jb, hviv w`‡bi ci w`b evsjv‡`k m„wói BwZnvm wb‡q M‡elYv K‡i‡Qb †mBme
we‡klÁ, wkÿvwe`, Ávbx-¸YxRb‡`i nv‡ZB m¤úv`K g‡nv`q GB MÖš’wU iPbvi `vwqZ¡
w`‡q‡Qb| †hgb: W. Kvgvj †nv‡mb, †Zvdv‡qj Avng`, gybZvmxi gvgyb, Avwbmy¾vgvb,
†gRi †Rbv‡ij (Ae.) †K Gg kwdDjøvn exi weµg, nvq`vi AvKei Lvb i‡bv,
Aa¨vcK ARq ivq, W. Avey †gv. †`‡jvqvi †nv‡mb, gyRvwn`yj Bmjvg †mwjg, Aveyj
gvj Avãyj gywnZ, †j. K‡Y©j Avey Imgvb †PŠayix, W. †ZŠwdK-B-‡PŠayix, kvgmy¾vgvb
Lvb, †gvnv¤§` †mwjg, Avwgbyi ingvb myjZvb, gwd`yj nK| cÖg~L| MÖš’wUi ¸YMZ gvb
eRvq ivL‡Z wM‡q evsjv GKv‡Wwg †h wecyj msL¨K cwÛZ, Ávbx, M‡elK,
BwZnvmwe‡`i mgš^q K‡i‡Qb Zv Aek¨B GKwU cÖksmbxq, gnr D‡Ïk¨ I `ÿZvi
cwiPvqK|
cÖwZwU L‡Ûi cÖwZwU Aa¨vqB evOvwji e¯`wbô, Z_¨-DcvË mg„× Ges M‡elYvag©x|
cÖwZwU cÖe‡ÜB D‡b¥vwPZ n‡q‡Q BwZnv‡mi bZzb w`MšÍ| cÖgvwYZ n‡q‡Q bZzb K‡i
BwZnvm †jLvi †hŠw³KZv|
cwi‡”Q`mg~‡ni avivevwnKZv ev KvjvYyµwgKZv BwZnvm PP©v ev BwZnvm iPbvi
†ÿ‡Î GKwU †hŠw³K I cÖ_vwm× wbqg| wKš` BwZnvm weK…wZ I weZ‡K©i N~Y©ve‡Z©i g‡a¨
Ôevsjv I evOvwji BwZnvmÕ MÖš’wU‡Z Aa¨vq web¨vmI G‡Kev‡i MVbg~jK ev k„•Ljvi
g‡a¨ bv mvwR‡q wew”Qbœ-wewÿßfv‡e mvRv‡bv n‡q‡Q| GwU‡K mgv‡jvPbvq bv wb‡q eis
†hLv‡b, †hfv‡e NUbv N‡U‡Q, †hLv‡b †hfv‡e BwZnvm m„wó n‡q‡Q, †mfv‡eB MÖš’wU‡Z
Zz‡j aiv n‡q‡Q e‡j MÖš’wU Av‡iv Z_¨wbf©i I mZ¨wbf©i n‡q‡Q Ges G‡ÿ‡ÎI m¤úv`K
g‡nv`q Ges m¤úv`bv cwil` `ÿZviB cwiPq w`‡q‡Qb e‡jB Avwg g‡b Kwi|
144 MÖš’ ch©v‡jvPbv

Ôevsjv I evOvwji BwZnvmÕ MÖš’wUi PZz_© L‡Ûi cÖ_g c‡e©icÖ_g cÖeÜwU wj‡L‡Qb
ggZvRyi ingvb Zid`vi ÔevOvwj mf¨Zv-ms¯‹…wZi iƒc‡iLvÕ| cÖ_g c‡e©i cÖ_g
wjLvwU‡ZB wZwb evOvwji ms¯‹…wZ gb wKfv‡e cÖvPxbKvj †_‡K evOvwji b„ZvwË¡K
cwiPq‡K aviY K‡i 1952 mv‡j mvs¯‹…wZK Av‡›`vj‡bi ga¨ w`‡q evOvwj
RvZxqZvev‡`i gva¨‡g AvZ¥wbqš¿YvwaKvi cÖwZwôZ K‡iwQj, Zvi GKwU my¯úó wPÎ Zz‡j
a‡i‡Qb| ïay ZvB bq evOvwji Rxeb †_‡K Kxfv‡e GKwU m¤¢vebvgq f~wgwbf©i MÖvgxb
GwjU †kÖYx nvwi‡q †Mj, Kxfv‡e A‡hŠw³ Aviwe-dviwm cÖxwZi Kv‡Q evOvwji cÖvPxb
ms¯‹…wZ XvKv c‡o †Mj, A_©vr evOvwji cÖvPxb A_©bxwZi aviv, Lv`¨vf¨vm †_‡K cyuw_
mvwnZ¨, evOvwji wbR¯^ RvwZ¯^Ë¡v evOvwj RvZxqZvev` wKfv‡e evsjv‡`wk RvZxqZv‡`i
w`‡K GwM‡q hv‡”QÑGiB avivevwnK BwZnvm ¯úó, cÖv¾¡j-AvaywbK fvlvq Avgv‡`i
mvg‡b Zz‡j a‡i‡Qb ggZvRyi ingvb Zid`vi ÔevOvwj mf¨Zv-ms¯‹…wZi iƒc‡iLvÕ-Gi
gva¨‡g|
cÖ_g c‡e©i wØZxq cÖeÜwU wj‡L‡Qb Gg Gg AvKvk Ôgyw³hy× evsjv‡`‡ki
A_©‰bwZK cUf~wg :cðv`c`Zv, ˆelg¨ I wegvZvmyjf PvjwPÎÕ| we‡k¦i †h †Kvb
RvwZ‡Mvôx hLb ¯^vaxbZv Av‡›`vj‡bi w`‡K avegvb nq, Zvi cÖ_g Ges cÖavb KviY nq
A_©‰bwZK ˆelg¨ Avi eÂbvi BwZnvm| A_©‰bwZK gyw³ I ivR‰bwZK ¯^vaxbZv Qvov
†Kvb RvwZ gv_v DPuy K‡i `uvov‡Z cv‡i bv| A_©‰bvZK ˆelg¨B ivR‰bwZK Av‡›`vj‡bi
w`‡K hvq| Gg Gg AvKvk cÖeÜwU ïiæB K‡i‡Qb evOvwji †MŠie, evOvwji AnsKvi
e½eÜzi †MŠiegq MR©b w`‡q ÔGev‡ii msMÖvg gyw³i msMÖvg, Gev‡ii msMÖvg ¯^vaxbZvi
msMÖvgÕ w`‡q| fxlY my›`i GKwU ev‡K¨ wZwb Avgv‡`i cwiPqI Zz‡j a‡i‡Qb,
evsjv‡`‡ki A_©bxwZ:Ô47-Gi AwR©Z cðv`c` DËivwaKviÕ| GB cðv`c`
DËivwaKvi‡K Kxfv‡e Av‡iv cðv`c`Zvi w`‡K †V‡j †`Iqv nw”Qj, †m mg‡qi
cðv`c` c~e© cvwK¯Ív‡bi f~-ivR‰bwZK ¸iæZ¡, kªgNb MÖvgxb A_©bxwZi †QvU-eo wewfbœ
LvZ, wKš` c~e© cvwK¯Ív‡b Ae‡nwjZ Dbœqb Ab¨w`‡K cwðg cvwK¯Ív‡b m¤ú` cuvPvi, c~e©-
cwð‡gi GB fvimvg¨nxb A_©bxwZi GKwU Z_¨mg„× avivevwnK cwimsL¨vb wZwb
†`wL‡q‡Qb GB cÖeÜwU‡Z|
Ôgyw³hy‡×i †cÖÿvcU : cvwK¯Ívb MY I RvZxq cwil` Ges c~e© cvwK¯Ívb cÖv‡`wkK
cwil‡` wewfbœ Bmy¨‡Z ˆelg¨ msµvšÍ weZK©ÕÑcÖeÜwU wj‡L‡Qb nvweeyjøvn evnvi| c„w_exi
†Kv_vI AvZ¥gh©v`vm¤úbœ †Kvb Rb‡MvôxB A_©‰bwZK ˆelg¨ †hgb †g‡b †bqbv, †Zgwb
ivR‰bwZK Ae`gb ev `gb-cxobI mn¨ K‡i bv| 1947-G fviZ wefv‡Mi ïiæ‡ZB
KZ `ªæZ cv‡ë hvq cwðg cvwK¯Ív‡bi ivR‰bwZK ÿgZv KzwÿMZ Kivi wPÎ-PwiÎ|
1940 mv‡ji jv‡nvi cÖ¯Ív‡ei GKwU g~j cÖ¯Íve wQj gymjgvb‡`i Rb¨ GKwU ¯^Zš¿
Avevmf~wg| Gi wfwˇZB A_©vr wØRvwZ Z‡Ë¡i Dci wfwË K‡i 1947 mv‡j fviZ
Dcgnv‡`k ag©wfwËK fvM n‡q wn›`y Aa¨ywmZ fviZ Ges gymwjg Aay¨wmZ cvwK¯Ív‡bi
Rb¥ n‡qwQj| ZrKvjxb c~e© cvwK¯Zvb gymwjg msL¨vMwiô wn‡m‡e cvwK¯Ív‡bi mv‡_
†hvM †`q| cvwK¯Ív‡bi Rb¨ msMÖvgI K‡i‡Q| wKQy w`b bv †h‡ZB 1948 mv‡jB evOvwji
†gvnf½ N‡U fvlvi cÖ‡kœ| evsjv fvlv‡K ivóª fvlv wn‡m‡e cÖwZwôZ Kivi Av‡›`vj‡bi
Jagannath University Journal of Arts 145

avivevwnKZvq 1952 mv‡j knx`‡`i AvZ¥`vb evOvwj RvZxqZvev‡`i wfwË ¯’vcb

K‡iwQj| †mB RvZxqZvev` evsjv‡`k‡K cvwK¯Ív‡bi Dcwb‡ek n‡Z †`qwb| wKfv‡e
loh‡š¿i †eovRv‡j wQbœ K‡i c~e© cvwK¯Ív‡bi ivR‰bwZK †bZviv, D™¢~Z ivR‰bwZK
msKU, ˆelg¨-lohš¿ †f` K‡i evOvwji AvZ¥gh©v`v wb‡q wek¦ gvbwP‡Î gv_v DPzu K‡i
`vuov‡bvi wbf©i‡hvM¨ Z_¨-Dcv‡Ëi avivevwnK BwZnvm wj‡L‡Qb nvweeyjøvn evnvi|
NUbvi cÖvmw½KZvq mgvb ¸iæZ¡ †c‡q‡Q A_©‰bwZK ˆel‡g¨i wPÎI|
gvP©-1971| evOvwji ¯^vaxKvi Av‡›`vj‡bi gvBjdjK| †MŠi‡ei gvm, AnsKv‡ii
gvm, AwaKvi Av`v‡qi gvm|evOvwj RvwZi AvZ¥wbqš¿bvwaKvi cÖwZôvi gvm| GB gvP©
gvm‡K GZ gnvb Zvrch©gq K‡i evOvwji mvg‡b Dc¯’vcb K‡iwQ‡jb me©Kv‡ji me©‡kÖô
evOvwj, evOvwj RvwZi RbK, e½eÜz †kL gywReyi ingvb HwZnvwmK 7 gv‡P©i fvl‡Yi
gva¨‡g| 19 wgwb‡Ui, AwjwLZ GKwU fvlY cÖvq Aa©kZ eQi a‡i evOvwj‡K †ivgvwÂZ
Ki‡Q, wknwiZ Ki‡Q| RvwZi wcZv e½eÜz †kL gywReyi ingv‡bi †mB fvlY‡K
RvwZms‡Ni wkÿv, ˆeÁvwbK I mvs¯‹…wZK msMVb (BD‡b‡¯‹v) we‡k¦i WKz‡g›Uvwi
HwZ‡n¨i Ask wn‡m‡e ¯^xK…wZ w`‡q‡Q| BD‡b‡¯‹vi gnvcwiPvjK Bwibv †ev‡Kvfv
MZKvj 30 A‡±vei, †mvgevi c¨vwi‡m BD‡b‡¯‹vi m`i `߇i G †NvlYv †`b| GB
AnsKvi Avi Zvrch©‡K ü`‡q aviY K‡iB kvgmy¾vgvb Lvb wj‡L‡Qb Ôe½eÜzi 7gv‡P©i
fvlY GKwU Abycy•L cvVÕ| BD‡b‡¯‹v Kwgk‡bi c~‡e©I e½eÜzi fvlY‡K wek¦ Zzjbv
Ki‡Zv Aveªvnvg wjsK‡bi Ô‡MwUmevM© G¨v‡Wªm (1863), ev gvU©b jy_vi wKs (Rywbqi)-
Gi ÔAvB n¨vf G wWªgÕ (1963), wKsev DBÝUb PvwP©‡ji fvl‡Yi mv‡_| wKš` Ôe½eÜzi
7 gv‡P©i fvlY GKwU Abycy•L cvVÕ ˆewk¦K `„wófw½‡Z, eûgvwÎKZvq, eûavivq, eû
ˆewk‡ó¨, ivR‰bwZK Kjv-‡KŠk‡ji w`K †_‡K Ges eû `„wó‡KvY †_‡K e½eÜzi fvlYwU
wQj m¤ú~Y© wfbœ| GgbwK mv‡o mvZ †KvwU gvby‡li ¯^cœ cyiæ‡li Dci ZLb mv‡o mvZ
†KvwU gvby‡li cÖZ¨vkv Ges ¯^vaxbZvi ¯^‡cœi †cQ‡b wQj kÎæc‡ÿi cÖej kw³kvjx
Ae¯’vb| Ggb cwiw¯’wZ‡K mvg‡b †i‡LI †kvl‡Yi weiæ‡× wek¦gvb‡ei gyw³i gš¿ w`‡Z
†_‡g hvbwb evOvwji ¯^cœcyiæl e½eÜz|GB fvl‡Yi me¸‡jv wel‡qiAbycy•L we‡køl‡Yi
gva¨‡g kvgmy¾vgvb Lvb mwZ¨B Abycy•L cvV Kwi‡q‡Qb cvVK‡K|
¯^vaxbZvi g‡š¿ DÏxß ‡Kvb Rb‡Mvôxi Rb¨ ¯^vaxbZvi †NvlYv ¯^vaxbZvi
Av‡›`vj‡bi Ab¨vb¨ me Kvh©µg ev cwiKíbvi g‡ZvB Kg©m~wPi GKwU Ask| Zey `yf©vM¨
n‡jI evOvwj RvwZ‡K †gvKv‡ejv Ki‡Z n‡”Q ¯^vaxbZvi †NvlK wb‡q weZK©| AviI
`yf©vM¨ n‡”Q †h hv‡`i wb‡q weZK© m„wó n‡”Q Zviv †eu‡P _vK‡Z GwU weZ‡K©i welq wQj
bv| wKš` GLb GwU ivR‰bwZK A½‡b GKwU wefvRK Bmy¨ wn‡m‡e e¨eüZ n‡”Q|
BwZnvm weK…wZi ïiæI GLvb †_‡KB| Gi g~j KviY n‡”Q ivRbxwZi g‡Â wU‡K _vK‡Z
n‡j ‡`k I RbM‡Yi mvg‡b †MŠieRbK wKQz †`Lv‡Z n‡e, †`‡ki Rb¨ wb‡R‡`i
Ae`vb Zz‡j ai‡Z n‡e| `‡ji cÖwZ AÜ ivR‰bwZK †bZv-Kg©xiv †R‡b bv †R‡b,
covïbv K‡i ÁvbvR©b‡Zv †bB-B, G weZ‡K© mvwgj n‡”Qb| ivR‰bwZK Av`k©, mZZv,
wbi‡cÿZv, mZ¨‡K ü`‡q aviY bv K‡iB Zviv G weZ‡K© mvwgj n‡”Q, weZK©‡K GwM‡q
wb‡q hv‡”Q| hw`I GwU weZ‡K©i †Kvb welqB bq, weZ‡K©i RvqMvB †bB| KviY
146 MÖš’ ch©v‡jvPbv

¯^vaxbZvi †NvlYv evOvwji mvg‡b Dc¯’vcb K‡iwQ‡jb me©Kv‡ji me©‡kÖô evOvwj, evOvwj
RvwZi RbK, e½eÜz †kL gywReyi ingvb HwZnvwmK 7 gv‡P©i fvl‡Yi gva¨‡g| 19
wgwb‡Ui, wjwLZ ‡bvU Qvov GKwU fvlY cÖvq Aa©kZ eQi a‡i evOvwj‡K †ivgvwÂZ
Ki‡Q, wknwiZ Ki‡Q| †mB fvl‡Y ¯^vaxbZv I gyw³i Av‡›`vj‡bi mKj wb‡`©kbvB
wQj| Gici Avi †Kv‡bv †NvlYvi cÖ‡qvRbB wQjbv| Zey cvwK¯Ívwb nvbv`viiv 25gvP©-
1971 AZwK©‡Z wbi¯¿ evOvwji Dci nvgjv Ki‡j bZzb K‡i evOvwj‡K RvwM‡q †Zvjvi
Rb¨, evOvwj `vgvj †Q‡j‡`i‡K wbf©q cÖv‡Yv”Qj Kivi Rb¨ GKwU evZ©v cª‡qvRb wQj|
†mB ¯^vaxbZvi evZ©vwUI e½eÜzB w`‡qwQ‡jb|7 gv‡P©i ¯^vaxbZvi †NvlYv w`‡q evOvwj‡K
RvZxqZv‡ev‡a DÏxß GK RvwZ, GK †`‡k cwiYZ K‡iwQ‡jb| ¯^vaxbZvi †NvlK weZK©
G‡b †mB HK¨e× åvZ…Z¡‡eva, RvZxqZv‡ev‡aB dvUj awi‡q‡Q| RvwZ‡K wefvwRZ
K‡i‡Q| Gme ivR‰bwZK weZK© Avi ivR‰bwZK Av`wk©K ؛؇K mvg‡b †i‡LB Ôe½eÜz
I ¯^vaxbZvi †NvlYvÕcÖeÜwU wj‡L‡Qb ARq ivq| †hLv‡b wZwb ¯^vaxbZvi †NvlYv
welqwUi cÖwZ w`‡bi cÖwZwU ÿY ¯úó K‡i w`‡q‡Qb cvV‡Ki Rb¨|
GKvËz‡ii DËvj gvP©Ñ wj‡L‡Qb Avwgbyi ingvb myjZvb| 1971 mv‡ji gvP©
gvmwU‡K †K›`ª K‡iB GB MÖš’wUi mgqKvj wba©viY Kiv n‡q‡Q| 1757 mvj †hgb
cjvkx, 1776 mv‡j Av‡gwiKvi ¯^vaxbZv hy‡×i BwZnvm, 1789 †hgb divwm wecøe,
1857 †hgb wmcvnx we‡`ªvn ev 1917 mv‡ji ivwkqvq A‡±vei mgvRZvwš¿K wecø‡ei K_v
g‡b Kwi‡q †`q, †Zgwb gvP© gvm Ry‡o Av‡Q mv‡o mvZ †KvwU evOvwji RvZxq gyw³ Avi
¯^vaxKv‡ii jovB msMÖv‡gi BwZnvm| evOvwji wek¦ BwZnvm m„wó n‡qwQj 1970Ôi mvaviY
wbe©vP‡bi djvd‡ji gva¨‡gB| BwZnv‡mi bvqK e½eÜz Ges evsjv‡`k AvIqvgx wjM|
†mB BwZnvm e`‡j †`Iqvi †Póv ‡_‡KB Rb¥ n‡qwQj evOvwji gvP©| 1gvP©-1971, 3
gv‡P©i RvZxq msm‡`i Awa‡ekb ¯’wM‡Zi ga¨ ïiæ n‡q 16 wW‡m¤^i-1971| 2 gvP© XvKv
wek¦we`¨vj‡q jvj-meyR cZvKv D‡Ëvjb, 2 gvP© XvKv Ges 3 gvP© cvwK¯Ívb Ry‡o
e½eÜzi Wv‡K niZvj cvjb, 4 gvP© e½eÜzi 32 b¤^‡ii evwo‡Z fwel¨r Kg©cwiKíbvi
QK AvuKv nq| 7 gvP© e½eÜzi wek¦Kuvcv‡bv HwZnvwmK fvlY, Av‡›`vj‡bi ZxeªZv I
¯^Z:ý~Z©Zv †`‡L f~‡Æv-Bqvwnqvi ˆeVK ‡k‡l 10 gvP© ivR‰bwZK †bZv‡`i mv‡_
Av‡jvPbvi cÖ¯Íve N„Yv f‡i cÖZ¨vL¨vb K‡ib e½eÜz| GKBw`‡b wZwb †NvlYv K‡ib
Amn‡hvM Av‡›`vjb| Ae‡k‡l cvwK¯Ív‡bi mKj cÖ‡PóvB hLb e¨_© n‡jv, †Kvb fv‡eB
hLb evOvwji cÖv‡Yv”Q¦vm Avi RvZxqZv‡ev‡ai mv‡_ †c‡i DVwQjbv cvwK¯Ívwb `vbeiv,
ZLb Iiv Suvwc‡q c‡o wbi¯¿ evOvwji Dci 25 gvP© ga¨iv‡Z Acv‡ikb mvP© jvBU wgkb
wb‡q| e½eÜzi Wv‡K M‡R© D‡V evOvwj, gv‡P© AwaKvi Av`v‡qi kc_ wb‡q evOvwj Ni
†Q‡o ivRc‡_ †b‡g G‡jv, AwaKvi Av`vq K‡i wb‡q N‡i wd‡i‡Q 16 wW‡m¤^i|
wek¦Ry‡o evOvwji Ggb Avb›`-D”Q¡vm Avi HK¨e× ¯^Z:ý~Z© Av‡›`vjb c„w_exi BwZnv‡m
weij| cÖvY evwR †i‡L evOvwj MÖvg-M‡Ã cÖwZ‡iva Av‡›`vjb M‡o Zz‡j †MŠie Avi
AnsKv‡ii gvm Ôgv©P-1971Õwb‡Ri K‡i wbj| †mB HK¨e× Av‡›`vj‡bi my›`i c_Pjv
†`wL‡q‡Qb Avwgbyi ingvb myjZvbGKvËz‡ii DËvj gvP© cÖeÜwU‡Z|
Jagannath University Journal of Arts 147

Ôevsjv I evOvwji BwZnvmÕ MÖ‡š’iGKwU we‡kl ˆewkó¨ n‡”Q mivmwi hviv evOvwji
BwZnvm m„wó‡Z Ae`vb †i‡L‡Qb ZvivB GB MÖš’wU‡Z wb‡R‡`i AwfÁZv-Abyf~wZ eY©bv
K‡i‡Qb|PUªMÖv‡g hy‡×i cwiKjcbv, cÖ¯`wZ I cvKnvbv`vi evwnbxi Dci cÖ_g AvNvZ
wj‡L‡Qb iwdKzj Bmjvg exi weµg| hy‡× gq`v‡b XvKvi evB‡i PÆMÖvg me‡P‡q
¸iæZ¡c~Y©| KviY cÖ_gZ e›`ibMix, Ab¨w`‡K KvjyiNvU †eZvi †K›`ª| kÎæi ‰mb¨
mgv‡ek Avi A¯¿ Lvjvm Ab¨w`‡K evOvwji cÖwZ‡iva Av‡›`vj‡bi BwZnvm GB PÆMÖvg|
†hLv‡b evOvwj-AevOvwj, bvix-cyiæl GKvKvi n‡q cvwK¯Ív‡bi weiæ‡× A¯¿ Zz‡j
wb‡qwQj| cÖwZw`‡bi Av‡›`vj‡bi ‡KŠkj, K‡_vc_b, mviv †`‡k †`kxq mn‡hvMx‡`i
mv‡_ we‡`kx‡`i †hvMv‡hvM,AvµgY Avi cÖwZ‡iv‡ai k¦vmiæ×Ki eY©bv kix‡i wkniY
RvMvq, †hb GL‡bv †Pv‡Li mvg‡b NU‡QÑGgbB eY©bv Av‡Q GB cÖeÜwU‡Z|
Ô†g‡nicy‡ii gy³vÂj ¯^vaxb evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii kc_ MÖnY AbyôvbÕ wj‡L‡Qb W.
†ZŠwdK-B-Bjvnx †PŠayix exi weµg|GKRb miKvwi Kg©KZ©v n‡qI evOvwji BwZnvm
m„wó‡Z GwM‡q Av‡mb, m„wó K‡ib Av‡iKwU BwZnvm †g‡nicyi| kÎæi Avµg‡Y QÎ-f½
n‡q hvIqv gvbyl¸‡jvi HK¨e× cÖqv‡m h‡kvi-Kzwóqv-Lyjbvi g‡Zv eo eo kni Qvwo‡q
†g‡nicy‡ii mnR-mij gvby‡li GK wbf…Z cjøx ˆe`¨bv_Zjv‡Z n‡qwQj ¯^vaxb
evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii kc_ MÖnY Abyôvb|‡`k-we‡`‡ki msev`Kg©x‡`i wecyj mgvM‡g
wbf…Z cjøx mie n‡q D‡V| ‡g‡nicy‡i ¯^vaxb evsjv‡`‡ki cÖ_g miKvi MwVZ nIqvi ci
cÖavbgš¿x ZvRDwÏb Avn‡g` bvg iv‡Lb ÔgywRebMiÕ| m„wó nq gywRebMi Rbc`| GQvov
fviZ mxgvšÍ e¨envi Ges RvZxq †bZv‡`i wbivcËv iÿv, we‡`‡ki mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM, A¯¿
msMÖn, kÎæi †gvKv‡ejvi Rb¨ `vwqZ¡ eÈb I †KŠkj wba©viY, AwfÁRb‡K e¨envi
K‡i mviv‡`‡k †hvMv‡hvM-GmewKQzi eY©bv †hb Mí n‡q †Pv‡Li mvg‡b Av‡m GB
cÖeÜwU‡Z|
¯^vaxb evsjv †eZvi †K›`ª MVb I f~wgKv wj‡L‡Qb †ejvj †gvnv¤§` Ges ¯^vaxb evsjv
†eZvi †K›`ª cÖwZôv HwZnvwmK f~wgKvwj‡L‡Qb Kvgvj †jvnvbx| ¯^vaxb evsjv †eZvi
†K›`ª bvgwUB Ggb †h i³v³ evsjvi K_v e‡j| †mmgq me‡P‡q kw³kvjx MYgva¨g|
¯^vaxb evsjv wecøex †eZvi †K›`ª cÖwZôv wQj evOvwji gb¯ÍvwË¡K I mvs¯‹…wZK Av‡›`vj‡bi
Ask| ¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi †K›`ª bvg, evOvwji gyw³ I ¯^vaxbZvi cÖZ¨‡q wRqvDi
ingv‡bi AvMgb, gyw³hy‡×i evi evi †NvlYv, MY gvby‡li m¤ú„³Zv, wbivcËv I
†MvcbxqZv iÿv, Mvb-KweZv wbe©vPb, Ôexi evOvwj A¯¿ ai, evsjv‡`k ¯^vaxb KiÕ;
Ô‡Zvgvi-Avgvi-wVKvbv, cÙv-‡gNbv-hgybvÕ; ev gyw³ hy‡×i Av‡eMx wKš` AwMœSiv †køvMvb
†hgb kÎæ‡K mgv‡jvPbvq `ye©j K‡i, mvnm I kw³ †hvwM‡q‡Q gyw³‡hv×v‡`i| evOvwji
we‡bv`bI ZLb wQj gyw³hyׇK›`ªxK| gyw³hy‡×i Mvb-KweZv, gyw³‡hv×v‡`i Lei,
e½eÜzi Lei- Zuvi KÚ †kvbvB wQj †m mg‡qi evOvwji we‡bv`b| gyw³‡hv×vmn mviv
†`‡ki mvaviY gvby‡li Kv‡Q AmvaviY Zi½ m„wói `vwqZ¡wU wKfv‡e cÖPvi K‡i‡Qb
¯^vaxb evsjv †eZvi †K‡›`ªi kã ˆmwbKiv, wKfv‡e HK¨e× †i‡L‡Qb RvwZ‡K, KZ Kó
Avi Z¨v‡Mi wewbg‡q GB ¯^vaxbZv, cÖwZw`‡b cwiKíbv-‡KŠkj, cvi¯úwiK
K‡_vcK_b,AvKvkevYx, fviZ miKvi, wÎcyiv miKv‡ii mn‡hvwMZv, GgbwK cvwK¯Ívwb
148 MÖš’ ch©v‡jvPbv

nvbv`vi‡`i wb:kZ© AvZ¥mgc©‡bi `ywbqv Kuvcv‡bv Lei, eyK `yiæ `yiæ Kiv Abyf~wZ wb‡q
wkíx-ms¯K…wZKg©x, msev` cvVK ev Dc¯’vcK‡`i wb‡R‡`i‡K Dc¯’vcb, †`kRy‡o
mvaviY gvby‡li †j‡ci Zjvq †eZvi wb‡q ¯^w¯Í I Z…wßi wb:k¦vm, KvjyiNvU †_‡K ¯^vaxb
evsjv †eZvi †K›`ª XvKvq ¯’vbvšÍi, e½eÜzi ¯^‡`k cÖZ¨veZ©b, D”Q¡vm-AvKvkRy‡o
e½eÜzi D‡o †eov‡bv, Qz‡U †eov‡bvi Abyf~wZÑAwe¯§ibxq †mB m„wómy‡Li Djøv‡mi
w`b¸‡jvi ‡MŠi‡ei MíK_vi Z_¨wPÎ `yÕwU cÖeÜ|
gyw³hy‡× wbqwgZ evwnbx I †Mwijv evwnbx MVb wj‡L‡Qb G Gm Gg mvgQzj
Av‡iwdb| cvwK¯Ív‡bi weiæ‡× fvlvi cÖ‡kœ evOvwji †h Av‡›`vjb ïiæ n‡qwQj ¯^vaxbZv
AR©b ch©šÍ †_‡g hvqwb| KL‡bv MYZvwš¿K cš’vq kvwšÍc~Y© Av‡jvPbvi gva¨‡g, KL‡bv
MYcwil‡` `vwe DÐvcb ev KL‡bv we‡`ªvn-wecø‡ei gva¨‡g evOvwj AwaKvi Av`v‡qi
†Póv K‡i‡Q| Zvi P~ovšÍ ch©vq n‡”Q mk¯¿ Av‡›`vjb, gyw³hy×, ¯^vaxbZv hy×| †g‡nicy‡i
¯^vaxb evsjv‡`‡ki cÖ_g miKvi ÔgywRebMi miKviÕ MwVZ nIqvi ga¨ w`‡q ¯^vaxb
evsjv‡`‡ki cÖkvmwbK Kvh©µg ïiæ nq| MwV_ nq cÖwZiÿv gš¿Yvjqmn Ab¨vb¨
gš¿Yvjq| Gici cÖ_g Ges cÖavb KvR wQj hy× cwiPvjbv I †KŠkj wba©viY Kiv|‡m
Abyhvqx gyw³evwnbx MVb, hye cÖwkÿY wkwei, D”PZi cÖwkÿY †K›`ª ¯’vcb I cÖwkÿK
wb‡qvM, gyw³evwnbxi wbqwgZ evwnbx MVb, gyw³evnbxi wegvb I †bŠ kvLv MVb, Ges
gyw³hy‡×i †m±i MVb K‡i mgwš^Z hy× cwiKíbv Ges mwVK †hvM¨ w`K wb‡`©kbv w`‡q
GKwU mdj iv‡óªi Rb¥ w`‡qwQj ¯^vaxb evsjv‡`‡ki cÖ_g miKvi ÔgywRebMi miKviÕ|
Zvi GKwU wPÎ Zz‡j a‡i‡Qb †jLK GB cÖeÜwU‡Z|
gyw³hy‡× evsjv‡`k cywjk wj‡L‡Qb Avey †gvnv¤§` †`‡jvqvi †nv‡mb| gyw³hy‡×
ivB‡djm wj‡L‡Qb AvkdvK †nv‡mb Ges mvC`v dvwZgv| miKvwi evwnbx n‡qI 1970
mv‡ji wbe©vP‡bi ci‡_‡KB cywjk evwnbx c~e© cvwK¯Ív‡bi c‡ÿ KvR KiwQj| 7 gv‡P©i
e½eÜzi †NvlYvi ci A‡bKUv cÖKv‡k¨B P‡j Av‡m Zv‡`i mn‡hvwMZv| evOvwj‡K
cÖ‡qvRbxq cÖwkÿY GgbwK wb‡R‡`i A¯¿ w`‡qI mn‡hvwMZv K‡i †mmgqKvi cywjk
evwnbx| 25 gvP©Õ71 ga¨iv‡ZB cvK evwnbx Acv‡ikb mvP© jvBU wgkb wb‡q wbi¯¿
evOvwji Dci AvµgY K‡i| G Avµg‡Yi cÖ_g jÿB wQj cywjk evwnbx Ges Ges GKB
mv‡_ XvKvi wcjLvbvq ivB‡djm-Gi Dci (eZ©gv‡b eW©vi MvW© evsjv‡`k)| AvµgY
Pvjvq| XvKvq ivRvievM cywjk jvBbmmn mviv †`‡ki me wefvMxq I †Rjv kn‡i, Ges
mvi`vq cywjk GKv‡Wwg‡Z Ges BwcAvi-Gi †nW ‡KvqvUv©m¸‡jv‡Z GK‡hv‡M Avµg‡Y
K‡i ee©i cvwK¯Ívwbiv| evOvwj‡K me w`K †_‡K cÖ_‡gB wbi¯¿ K‡i cÖwZiÿv ejq †f‡½
†`Iqvi GKwU †KŠkj wQj GwU| Zey 25 gv‡P©i Kv‡jv iv‡Zi Avµg‡Y evOvwj‡K iÿvi
cÖ_g cÖ‡Póv cywjk Ges ivB‡djm&-GiB wQj| evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv I gyw³hy‡× cywj‡ki
Ges ivB‡djm&-Gi wekvj Ae`v‡bi wKQz LÛ wPÎ Avey †gvnv¤§` †`‡jvqvi †nv‡mb Ges
AvkdvK †nv‡mb Ges mvC`v dvwZgv cÖe‡Ü Zz‡j ai‡jI ivB‡djm I cywj‡ki GB
AvZ¥Z¨vM cy‡iv ivB‡djm I cywjk evwnbx‡KB cÖwZwbwaZ¡ K‡i|
gyw³hyׇK †PZbvq aviY K‡i gyw³hy‡× wbqwgZ evwnbx I †Mwijv evwnbx QvovI
†`k †cÖwgK gyw³‡hv×viv mviv †`‡kB wewfbœ A‡j wewfbœ bv‡g evwnbx M‡o †Zv‡j|
Jagannath University Journal of Arts 149

mviv †`k‡K 3wU †m±‡i fvM K‡i me‡P‡q kw³kvjx evwnbx M‡o D‡Vgyw³hy‡× gywRe
evwnbx wj‡L‡Qb ARq ivq| wZwb †`wL‡q‡Qb GB evwnbx ïay gyw³hy× PjvKvjxb bq,
hy‡×vËi evsjv‡`‡kI †hb w¯’wZkxjZv eRvq _v‡K †mw`‡KI mZK© `„wó wQj|
g~j avivi evwnbx †_‡K GKUz Avjv`v, AviI GKwU kw³kvjx evwnbx, b¨vc-
KwgDwb÷ cvwU© Ges QvÎ BDwbq‡bi †hŠ_ cÖqvm we‡kl †Mwijv evwnbx| evgcš’v
Av`wk©K ¯^Ë¡v eRvq †i‡LB gyw³hy‡×i g~j †PZbvq wg‡k wM‡q we‡kl †Mwijv evwnbxi
m`m¨iv cÖMwZ, †kvlYgyw³, MYZš¿, ¯^vawKvi I RvZxq AvZ¥wbqš¿YvwaKv‡ii msMÖv‡g n‡q
D‡VwQj wb‡ew`Z cÖvY| we‡kl †UªwYs w`‡q Zviv m`m¨‡`i‡K †`‡ki wewfbœ A‡j †QvU
†QvU `j cvVv‡Zv| GB evwnbxi D‡jøL‡hvM¨ Acv‡ikb wQj †ewZqvivi hy×|
†ewZqvivihy×, we‡kl †Mwijv evwnbx I gyw³hy‡× evgcš’x‡`i Ae`vb wj‡L‡Qb gyRvwn`yj
Bmjvg †mwjg| wZwb gyw³hy‡×i m~Pbvce© †_‡K wewfbœ mg‡q evgcš’v‡`i Ae`vb wewfbœ
`„wó‡KvY ‡_‡K cy•LvYyc•L e¨vL¨v K‡i‡Qb G cÖe‡Ü|
gyw³hy‡× Avdmvi evwnbx wj‡L‡Qb Avwgbyi ingvb myjZvb| GKRb †`k‡cÖwgK
gvbyl, GKRb cÖK…Z †hv×v †gv: Avdmvi DwÏb (wØZxq wek¦hy‡× Ask †bIqvi AwfÁZv
wQj), †`k‡K kÎægy³ Kivi Rb¨ wb‡Ri D‡`¨v‡M GKwU kw³kvjx evnbx M‡o
Zz‡jwQ‡jb e„nËi gqgbwms A‡j| wZwb gy³v‡j gyw³‡hv×v †UªwYs †m›Uvi cwiPvjbv,
åvg¨gvb nvmcvZvj cwiPvjbv, eyw× gyw³ I gvbyl‡K m‡PZb Kivi Rb¨ cÖwÎKv cÖKvkmn
eûgyLx Kg©KvÛ cwiPvjbv K‡iwQj Avdmvi evwnbx|MdiMvu, wÎkvj, Kvwjq‰Ki, kÖxcyi,
fvIqvwjqvewRyi hy×, WvKvwZqvi Puvbcyi hy×, gwjøKevwo cvK‡mbv‡`i NuvwU‡Z †Mwijv
AvµgY, gvgwikcyi hy×, fvjyKv cvK‡mbv NvwU `Lj, dzjevwoqv ivRvKvi NuvwU
AvµgY, AvgZjx-imyjcyi ivRvKvi NuvwU AvµgY, KvwkgMÂ-Avwgivevwo ivRvKvi NuvwU
AvµgYmn eû A‡j mivmwi I †Mwijvhy‡× Ask wb‡q‡Q Avdmvi evwnbx, wQwb‡q
wb‡q‡Q kÎæi A¯¿|evOvwji gy³ Av‡›`vj‡b Ggwb GK exi evOvwji exiZ¡Muv_v Avgiv
†`L‡Z cvB gyw³hy‡× Avdmvi evwnbx cÖeÜwU‡Z wj‡L‡Qb Avwgbyi ingvb myjZvb|
evsjv‡`‡ki gyw³hy× I wkíx-ms¯‹…wZ mgv‡Ri f~wgKv wj‡L‡Qb gwd`yj nK|wkí-
ms¯‹…wZ‡K eiveiB mgv‡Ri `c©b wn‡m‡eB †`Lv nq| gvby‡li gb I gb‡bi †LvivK
†RvMvq G ¸wY gvbyliv| 1947 mv‡j †`k wefv‡Mi ci †_‡KB g~jZ m„wókxjZv I
m„RbkxjZvi RvqMvq nvbv w`‡qwQj mv¤úª`vwqK mvgwiK kvmb| †mB i³Pÿz AwZµg
K‡i iex›`ªm½xZ, c‡njv ˆekvLmn wewfbœ we‡kl w`b‡K wb‡Ri K‡i cÖwZôv K‡i 1971
mv‡j gyw³hy‡× Ni †Q‡o KÚ ˆmwbKmn mKj gbbkxj gvby‡liv †kÖwY-ag©-eY©-‡ckv fz‡j
†ewo‡q G‡mwQj hvi hvi RvqMv †_‡K †hv×v‡`i Aby‡cÖiYv †`Iqvi Rb¨| gyw³hy‡×
Zv‡`i Ae`vb A‡bKUv giæf~wg‡Z e„wói g‡Zv| hy‡×i g‡Zv cwiw¯’wZ‡ZI Zviv †hv×vi
g‡ZvB Kxfv‡e GwM‡q †M‡Qb †mB f½yi c‡_i eY©bv w`‡q‡Qb †jLK G cÖeÜwU‡Z|
gyw³hy‡× hy³ivR¨ cÖevmx evOvwj wj‡L‡Qb Avãyj gwZb|evsjv‡`‡ki me
msKUKvjxb mg‡qB cÖemxiv GwM‡q Av‡m| gyw³hy‡×i mgq cÖevmx evOvwjiv evsjv‡`‡ki
evB‡i weª‡U‡bB me‡P‡q †ewk HK¨e× n‡q †mLv‡bI GKLÛ evsjv‡`k m„wó K‡iwQj|
DbœZ I MYZvwš¿K †`k nIqvq †mLv‡b evOvwjiv mivmwi cvwK¯Ívb nvB Kwgk‡bi mvg‡b
150 MÖš’ ch©v‡jvPbv

†_‡K wKfv‡e Av‡›`vjb-msMÖvg Pvwj‡q †M‡Q, we‡kl K‡i weª‡U‡bi MYgva¨g e¨envi
K‡i wek¦ RbgZ ˆZwi‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i‡Q GB cÖeÜwU‡Z Zvi wek` weeiY i‡q‡Q|
gyw³hy‡× wÎcyivi f~wgKv wj‡L‡Qb gvgyb wmwÏKx|1971 mv‡j gyw³hy‡×i
mgqfvi‡Zi AK…cY mvnvh¨ mn‡hvwMZv wQj evsjv‡`k I evOvwjiDci| G mn‡hvwMZv
g~jZ wQj fvi‡Zi ‡K›`ªxq miKv‡ii mg_©b Avi mxgvšÍ ivR¨ cwðg e½, Avmvg,
†gNvjq I wÎcyiv iv‡R¨i| fvlv Avi K…wó-ms¯‹…wZi wgj _vKvq G m¤ú‡K© Ab¨ gvÎv
†hvM n‡qwQj| fvi‡Zi ivR¨ miKvi, eyw×Rxex m¤úª`vq, MYgva¨g, ms¯‹…wZKg©xmn
cÖ‡Z¨‡K hviv hvi Ae¯’vb †_‡K evsjv‡`k miKvi, ivR‰bwZK †bZv-Kg©x Ges AvwkÖZ
kiYv_©x‡`i‡K AvšÍwiKfv‡e MÖnY K‡iwQj| GKw`‡K cvwK¯Ív‡bi nv‡Z hy×weaŸ¯Í
evsjv‡`k, wecbœ gvbeZv, Ab¨w`‡K gbyl¨‡Z¡¨i RqMvb| G `yÕwUi mgš^q wb‡qB Av‡eMx
cÖeÜ wj‡L‡Qb gvgyb wmwÏKx|
†g‡nicy‡i evsjv‡`‡ki cÖ_g miKvi MwVZ nIqvi ci miKv‡ii `ßi eÈb, hy×
cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ mywb©w`ó †KŠkj wba©viY, kiYv_©x‡`i AvkÖ‡qi mÜvb I wbivcËv cÖ`vb,
cÖwZ‡ekx †`kmn we‡k¦i Ab¨vb¨ †`‡ki mv‡_ AvšÍ:ivóªxq m¤úK© wba©viY ÔKv‡iv mv‡_
ˆewiZv bq, mK‡ji mv‡_ eÜzZ¡Õ Ges AvšÍ©RvwZK RbgZ ˆZwi I ¯^xK…wZ Av`vq KivB
wQj GmiKv‡ii cÖavb jÿ¨| A_©vr miKv‡ii wefvM-DcwefvM †_‡K myôz wb‡`©kbvi
gva¨‡g iv‡óªi me©Î k„•Ljv eRvq †i‡L GKwU mdj I ¯^v_©K iv‡óªi R‡b¥i
BwZnvmevsjv‡`k miKv‡ii cwiPvjbv bxwZ : K~UbxwZ I we‡`kbxwZmn fviZ-‡mvwf‡qZ
BDwbq‡bi mv‡_ we‡kl m¤úK© wj‡L‡Qb †gvnv¤§` dv‡qK D¾vgvb|wewfbœ ivóª we‡kl
K‡i †mvwf‡qZ BDwbqb I fvi‡Zi wel‡q ¸iæZ¡viƒc K‡i‡Qb| 15 †g †_‡K
gyw³‡hv×v‡`i cÖwkÿ‡Yi welqwU mivmwi fviZxq †mbvevwnbxi nv‡Z †`Iqv nq| Ges
fviZxq cÖavbgš¿x Bw›`iv MvÜx wek¦ `iev‡i evsjv‡`‡ki cv‡k _vKvi Avnevb Rvbvb| 6
wW‡m¤^i fviZ evsjv‡`k‡K ¯^vaxb †`‡ki ¯^xK…wZ †`q| Ab¨w`‡K, 2 †g, 1971
†mvwf‡qZ BDwbq‡bi ‡cÖwm‡W›U wb‡KvjvB c`M©vwb cvwK¯Ívbx †cÖwm‡W›U Bqvwnqv Lv‡bi
Kv‡Q GK c‡Î i³cvZ eÜ I †kL gywR‡ei Rxeb iÿvi Aby‡iva Rvbvb| GLv‡b †jLK
†mvwf‡qZ BDwbqb‡K ivwkqv bv‡g †`wL‡q‡Qb| wmivRyj Bmjvg m¤úvw`Z evsjv‡`‡ki
BwZnvm (1704-1971) MÖ‡š’ Aveyj Kvjvg Zuvi gyw³hy× : e„nrkw³i cÖwZwµqv cÖe‡Ü GK
RvqMvq e‡j‡Qb, `yÕ`yevi Awej‡¤^ hy×weiwZ I fviZxq ˆmb¨ cÖZ¨vnvi m¤úwK©Z
wbivcËv cwil‡`i wm×v‡šÍ g‡¯‹v wf‡Uv cÖ`vb K‡i, K~UPvj w`‡q `xN©vwqZ K‡i hy×weiwZ
m¤úwK©Z wbivcË cwil‡`i Av‡jvPbv hv‡Z bqvw`jøx m`‡c© evsjv‡`‡k Zvi mvgwiK
weRq `vwe Ki‡Z cv‡i| GKgvÎ 16 wW‡m¤^i 1971 Zvwi‡L cvwK¯Ívwb evwnbxi
AvZ¥mgc©‡bi ci †mvwf‡qZ BDwbqb hy×weiwZ m¤úwK©Z wel‡q Zvi †f‡Uv AwaKvi
cÖ‡qvM †_‡K weiZ _v‡K| g‡¯‹v-bqvw`jøxi D‡Ïk¨ hvB †nvK, Dfq kw³i †KŠkjMZ
n¯Í‡ÿ‡ci cÖwµqvh ¯^vaxb evsjv‡`‡ki Afz¨`q Z¡ivwš^Z nq|
cÖvPxbKvj †_‡KB `yÕ‡kÖwYi gvbyl Av‡Q| †KD ev‡Ni g‡Zv MR©b K‡i cyi®‹…Z nq,
†KD cv †P‡U cyi®‹…Z nq| evsjv‡`‡ki gnvb gyw³hy‡× ¯^vaxbZv we‡ivaxiv 2q †kÖwYf~³|
wewfbœ bv‡g hviv msMwVZ n‡qwQj| kvwšÍ KwgwU, ivRvKvi evwnbx, Avj e`i, Avj
Jagannath University Journal of Arts 151

kvgm BZ¨vw` hviv cvwK¯Ívwb‡`i mv‡_ nvZ wgwj‡q evOvwj wba‡b Db¥Ë ee©eiZvq †g‡Z
D‡VwQj|GL‡bv, eZ©gvb cÖRb¥ hviv G‡`‡k Rb¥, emevm, †e‡o DVv, †fvM `Lj Ki‡Q,
ZvivI †KD ‡KD ¯^vaxbZv we‡ivax‡`i cÿ wb‡q hyw³ †`Lv‡Z ïwb| Zv‡`i Rb¨
gyw³hy‡× ¯^vaxbZvwe‡ivax kw³i ZrciZv cÖeÜwj‡L‡Qb Avey †gvnv¤§` †`‡jvqvi †nv‡mb
†hLv‡b ¯^vaxbZv we‡ivax‡`i Ae¯’vb, `vwjwjK cÖgvY I wbf©i‡hvM¨ cwimsL¨vb|
wbqgZvwš¿K ivRbxwZi Kwe e½eÜz †kL gywReyi ingvb| `wÿY Avwd«Kvi
Awemsevw`Z †bZv †bjmb g¨v‡Ûjvi g‡Zv whwb Rxe‡bi †ewkifvM mgqwU KvwU‡q‡Qb
cvwK¯Ív‡bi KvivMv‡i| KL‡bv ivóª‡`ªvwnZvi Awf‡hvM, KL‡bv cvwK¯Ívb Avwg©i weiæ‡×
evOvwj‡K D¯‹vwb †`Iqvi Awf‡hvM, KL‡bv ev cvwK¯Ívb fv½vi Awf‡hv‡M e½eÜz‡K
Kviviæ× K‡i‡Q| Z‡e e½eÜzi Kviv eiY wQj Rxe‡bi AwbðqZv wb‡q, †h †Kvb mgq
†g‡i †djvi cÖ¯`wZi cÖZ¨ÿ`k©xI wQ‡jb wZwb wb‡RB| Ab¨w`‡K e½eÜzi †eu‡P _vKvi
GKgvÎ A¯¿ wQj Zuvi `„p e¨w³Ë¡, evOvwji AK…wÎg fvjevmv, AvKvk‡Quvqv RbwcÖqZv
Aviwek¦ ivRbxwZ‡Z Zuvi MÖnb‡hvM¨Zv| †`‡k-we‡`‡k gyw³Kvgx gvby‡li cÖvYcyiæl wQ‡jb
e‡jB AvšÍ©RvwZK gn‡ji `„wóI me mgqB e½eÜz‡K wN‡i †_‡K‡Q| GQvov gywRe bMi
miKvi MV‡bi ci e½eÜz wQ‡jb GKwU ¯^vaxb iv‡óªi ivóªcwZ| Ab¨w`‡K cvwK¯Ív‡bi
wQj AMYZvwš¿K, AwbqgZvwš¿K, nVKvix ivRbxwZ, cÖwZwnsmvi ivRbxwZ| 7gv‡P©i
HwZnvwmK fvlb Ges gywRebMi miKvi MV‡bi ci mviv we‡k¦i ivRbxwZwe`, RbgZ
Ges MYgva¨gÑme¸‡jvB evsjv‡`k Ges e½eÜzi wel‡q AvMÖnx wQj| d‡j PvB‡jB
cvwK¯Ívbxiv e½eÜzi Dci †Kvb wePvi Pvwc‡q w`‡Z cv‡iwb|kZ †Póv m‡Ë¡I cvwK¯Ív‡bi
G e¨_©Zvi Z_¨eûj wPÎ Zz‡j a‡i‡Qb†gvnv¤§` †mwjg1971 : e½eÜz †kL gywR‡ei wePvi
I AvšÍ©RvwZK cÖwZwµqv cÖe‡Ü|Z_¨-DcvË wePvi-we‡køl‡Yi gva¨‡g wZwb †`wL‡q‡Qb
mwZ¨B ÔgywRe gv‡bB gyw³, e½eÜz gv‡bB evsjv‡`kÕ|
Avgv‡`i gyw³ msMÖvg Ges msweav‡bi g~jbxwZ wj‡L‡Qb Avwbmy¾vgvb| cÖeÜwU‡Z
msweav‡biPviwU g~jbxwZi Drm AbymÜvb Kiv n‡q‡Q, Dr‡mi e¨vL¨v Kiv n‡q‡Q|
hyw³ZK© Dc¯’vcb K‡i PviwU g~jbxwZi Zvrch© I e¨vL¨v we‡køl‡Yi gva¨‡g †hŠw³KZv
†`Lv‡bvi †Póv K‡i‡Qb m¨vi GB †jLvwU‡Z|
nvRvi eQ‡ii HwZ‡n¨ Mov evsjv‡`‡ki BwZnvm g~jZ mKj †kÖwY-‡ckvi gvby‡li
BwZnvm| Ôevsjv I evOvwji BwZnvmÕgyw³hy‡×i BwZnvm n‡jI MÖš’wU‡K mve©Rbxb Kivi
Rb¨ GLv‡b evOvwji ivR‰bwZK BwZnvm, ivR‰bwZK weZwK©Z Bmy¨mg~‡ni Z_¨wbf©i
Dc¯’vcb, e¨w³ I e¨w³Z¡, cÖkvmb I f~wg e¨e¯’v, A_©‰bwZK, gb¯ÍvwË¡K-mvs¯‹…wZK I
mvgvwRK BwZnvm, bvix I Avw`evmx, we‡`kx ivóª, Rbc` I e¨w³i Ae`vb, g~j
Rb‡Mvôx †_‡K ÿz`ª b„-‡Mvôxmn cÖvmw½K welqmgyn‡K ¸iæZ¡ †`Iqv n‡q‡Q| †Kv_vI
bZzb Z‡_¨i wfwˇZ, †Kv_vI bZzb e¨vL¨v-we‡køl‡Yi gva¨‡g| mKj †kÖwY-‡ckvi
gvby‡li mw¤§wjZ Av‡›`vjb wKfv‡e c„w_exi ey‡K ¯^vaxb mve©‡fŠg ivóª wn‡m‡e AvZ¥cÖKvk
K‡i‡Q Ôevsjv I evOvwji BwZnvmÕ MÖš’wU †mB BwZnvm AbymÜv‡bi Z_¨-DcvË wbf©i
GKwU AvKi MÖ‡š’i `vwe`vi|
152 MÖš’ ch©v‡jvPbv

evOvwji Rxeb I BwZnv‡m gyw³ hy‡×i †P‡q gnvb I †MŠiegq BwZnvm †bB| Ggb
GKwU welq wb‡q evsjv GKv‡Wwg gyw³hy‡×i c~Y©v½ BwZnvm MÖš’ cÖKvk K‡i mgKvjxb
ivR‰bwZK BwZnvm Rvbvi cÖ‡qvRb‡K eZ©gvb cÖR‡b¥i mv‡_ mve©Rbxb iƒc w`‡q‡Q| GB
AmvaviY MÖš’wURvZxq BwZnvm iPbvi †ÿ‡ÎI bZzb w`MšÍ D‡b¥vwPZ Ki‡e|
Av‡jvP¨ MÖš’wU‡Z Ggb Ávbx-¸wY-AwfÁRb wj‡L‡Qb, Ges †jLK-cÖvewÜKMY
Z_¨-DcvË e¨env‡ii †ejvq A‡bK †ÿ‡Î wb‡RivB wbf©i‡hvM¨ m~Î| d‡j mgv‡jvPbvi
my‡hvM †bB ej‡jB P‡j| wKš` GwU mK‡jB AeMZ †h Avgv‡`i gnvb gyw³hy‡×iI
A‡bK Av‡M †_‡K we‡kl K‡i hLb †_‡K evOvwji AwaKvi Av`v‡qi Av‡›`vj‡bi m~Pbv
n‡qwQj fvlv Av‡›`vjb, ZLb †_‡KB Av‡›`vj‡b QvÎ mgvR GKwU eo Ask `Lj K‡i
Av‡Q| A_P GB MÖš’wUi Pvi c‡e©i ‡Kv_vI gyw³hy‡× QvÎmgv‡Ri Ae`vb KvD‡K wjL‡Z
†`Iqv nqwb ev †KD †j‡Lbwb| hv MÖš’wUi Ac~Y©ZvB wb‡`©k K‡i|
GQvov, MÖš’wU‡K mve©Rbxb Kivi cÖ‡PóvwUgv‡bi w`K †_‡K kZfvM mdj n‡jI
†h‡nZz PviwU ce© wb‡q PZz_© LÛ, †m‡ÿ‡Î ej‡ZB n‡e MÖš’wUi weµqg~j¨ mvavi‡Yi
µqÿgZvi g‡a¨ †bB| GwU we‡ePbvq †i‡L gyw³hy‡×i g‡Zv evOvwj RvwZi Rxe‡bi
cÖwZwU †MŠiegq Aa¨vq wb‡qI Ggb cÖKí MÖnY Ae¨nZ ivL‡e Ges Avgv‡`i‡K mg„×
Ki‡e evsjv GKv‡Wwgi Kv‡Q Avwg Ges Avgvi g‡Zv eZ©gvb cÖR‡b¥i cÖZ¨vkv |