ES 100/101 

Intersession Semester, SY 2018-2019 

Midterm Exam 
100 pts 
June 22, 2018 
 
 
Deadline​: June 23, 2018; 11:59 PM (Ateneo Standard Time) 
Submit answers for all parts in a .docx document to both ​sdayrit@ateneo.edu​ and 
jjardeleza@ateneo.edu 
Indicate complete name. 
Indicate chosen topic for Part 1. 
Submit as attachment the Excel spreadsheet for Part 2. 
 
 
 
Part I. Monitoring Process (70 pts) 
 
1. Read background information on the environmental issue under your selected topic. A folder 
containing background information was provided to you through e-mail. Your role: Leader of an 
environmental monitoring team tasked to address the issue.  
 
2. Based on the information provided, use concepts in class to create a monitoring plan. 
2.1. List objectives 
2.2. List strategies 
2.3. Details on experimental design with justification for each aspect 
2.3.1. Sampling/data gathering 
2.3.2. Data analysis 
2.4. Possible errors and how to reduce them. 
 
3. Explain how you will report monitoring data/findings. 
 
*Notes:  
The more detailed, the better. 
Relevant features/coordinates are provided to help you but you are not restricted to these. 
 
 
 
 
Part II. Statistics (30 pts) 
 
Organotins are synthetic compounds used for several industrial purposes, including the use as 
antifouling agents in paints for ship hulls. These compounds are studied widely for their biocidal 
effects towards non-target organisms. Tributyltin (TBT), a species of organotin, has been studied to 
cause stunted growth among shellfish, bioaccumulate throughout the food web, and behave as an 
endocrine disruptor (Beaumont and Budd, 1984; and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2003).  
 
A study was conducted to provide policy recommendations on the regulation of organotins as a 
component of antifouling paint in the Philippines. Concentration of TBT was measured in mollusks 
collected through composite sampling along nautical highways (HW) and non-nautical HW points in 
ten (10) provinces in the Philippines. Below are the results*. 
 
Table 1. Mean TBT concentration (ppb) in mollusks per province sampling station. 
Sampling Station  Nautical HW  Non-nautical HW points 

Province 1  33  9 

Province 2  9  20 

Province 3  24  1 

Province 4  17  6 

Province 5  8  2 

Province 6  19  8 

Province 7  12  9 

Province 8  10  7 

Province 9  5  3 

Province 10  5  1 
 
 
Table 2. Mean mussel length (mm) per province sampling station. 
Sampling Station  Nautical HW  Non-nautical HW points 

Province 1  546.4  1007.65 

Province 2  205.1  761.65 

 Province 3  421.13  946.3 

Province 4  408.6  469.9 

Province 5  150.95  554.35 

Province 6  227.3  97.55 

Province 7  415.4  348.6 

Province 8  78.25  239.4 

Province 9  22.85  680 

Province 10  55  172 

 
 
Instructions: 
1. Analyze data using the appropriate statistical tools (explicitly write which statistical tool) at 
95% confidence level,  
2. Show step-by-step calculations, 
3. Discuss results of statistical analysis (critical values are at the end of the document), and 
4. Provide recommendations based on the results of your statistical analysis and study objective. 
 
References cited: 
Beaumont, A.R. and Budd, M.D. (1984). High mortality of the larvae of the common mussel at low 
concentrations of tributyltin. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 15, 402-405. 
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. (2003). Ambient aquatic life water quality criteria for 
tributyltin (TBT). Washington, DC: Office of Water, Office of Science and Technology, 
Health and Ecological Criteria Division. Retrieved January 8, 2012 from 
http://water.epa.gov/scitech/swguidance/standards/criteria/aqlife/tributyltin/upload/2004_
01_05_criteria_tributyltin_tbt-final.pdf. 
 
*Study and data are fictional 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Table 3. Critical t values. 

 
 
Table 4. Critical F-distribution values at 95% confidence interval 

 
 
 
 
 
Table 5. Critical values of F = s​2​/s​2​ at 95% confidence level. 

 
 
Table 6. Critical values for Chi-square distribution. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Table 7. Critical values of G
​ f​ or rejection of outlier.