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Institute of Hotel Management & Catering Technology & Applied Nutrition
Institute of Hotel Management & Catering Technology & Applied Nutrition
Institute of Hotel Management & Catering Technology & Applied Nutrition
Research project
By
Sayan Misra
3rd year
Topic
1
RESEARCH PROJECT
A Feasibility study on speciality restaurant of India. This
is a bonafied record of work done by Sayan Misra, Roll
No. 1641111148. Submitted in partial fulfillment of the
requirement for the Final Year Bachelor in Hotel
Management and Catering Technology 2018- 2019.
Internal Examiner
External Examiner
2
RESEARCH PROJECT
A Feasibility study on setting up of proper waste
management system in food and beverage industry. This
is a bonafied record of work done by Bineet Merrie Jan,
Roll No. 060685. Submitted in partial fulfillment of the
requirement for the Final Year Bachelor in Hotel
Management and Catering Technology 2008- 2009.
Internal Examiner
External Examiner
3
AUTHENTICATION CERTIFICATE
Station: Hajipur
Student Signature
Date:
Station: Hajipur
Guide Signature
Date:
4
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
informative responses.
5
CONTENTS
PROPOSAL FORMAT 06
METHOD.
CONCLUSION 55
BIBLIOGRAPHY 56
6
PROPOSAL FORMAT
INTRODUCTION
7
would like to bring out the various strategies that food and
OBJECTIVES
in the industry.
industry.
METHODOLOGY
8
Information from various personalities working in the
industry.
SCOPE OF STUDY
growth.
9
SIGNATURE OF THE STUDENT. GUIDE
figure below.
10
The benefits of waste minimization are both environmental and
11
Diagram of the waste hierarchy.
12
Extended producer responsibility - Extended Producer
13
Source reduction
Uncontrolled dumping
Composting
14
Biological decomposition of organic matter in waste under
controlled conditions.
Multi-material recycling
materials.
of economic necessity.
Incineration
15
High capital cost; requires skilled operation and control. Waste
must have high calorific value. Advantage if land not available for
landfill.
Gasification
16
Pyrolysis
OCEAN DUMPING
Advantages:
Convenient
Inexpensive
17
Source of nutrients, shelter and breeding
Disadvantages:
Ocean overburdened
Killing of plankton
Desalination
SANITARY LANDFILL
Advantages:
Disadvantages:
INCINERATION
Advantages:
18
Can be operated in any weather
Disadvantages:
OPEN DUMPING
Advantages:
Inexpensive
Disadvantages:
19
RECYCLING
Advantages:
Disadvantages:
Expensive
20
India in 1859. In 1895 the technology was developed in Exeter,
England, where a septic tank was used to generate gas for street
lighting. Also in England, in 1904, the first dual purpose tank for
Applications
21
Anaerobic digestion is particularly suited to wet organic material
22
an agricultural anaerobic digester that accepts two or more input
digestion systems offer the potential for cheap, low-cost energy for
for adaptation of small biogas plants for use in the household for
the developing world can gain financial support through the United
23
may either be used to process the source separated fraction of
24
carbon released into the atmosphere from the combustion of biogas
has been removed by plants in order for them to grow in the recent
past. This can have occurred within the last decade, but more
typically within the last growing season. If the plants are re-grown,
taking the carbon out of the atmosphere once more, the system will
in the atmosphere.
anaerobically. In this case the gas will eventually escape into the
environmental effects.
25
soil conditioner. The liquor can be used as a substitute for chemical
can be used to boost the organic content of soils. There are some
soils, and here the markets for the digestate can be just as
national grid.
26
Biogas plant for biological wastes recycling
sold or recycled.
27
Following raw materials can be used for biogas
production:
(blood, fat, entrails, and rumen content), plants waste, silage, rotten
grain (crushed malt remnants after wort filtration), sugar beet and
28
waste water treatment plants, algae. Most of the raw materials can
Main benefits
1. Ecological cleaning
2. Gas,
3. Bio-fertilizer,
Additional benefits
29
1. Electricity,
2. Heat,
Biogas plant can reduce sanitary zone (distance from the enterprise
30
any time delays, which can reduce lagoons area up to 5 times!
drain. By investing into biogas plant you payback your money with
construction is useful not only for new farms but for existing as
decanter) biogas plant can reduce COD and BOD levels in filtrate
31
facility. COD chemical oxygen demand and BOD biological
up to 60-70%).
32
Scheme 1. Metabolism products of the anaerobic fermentation
called hydrolysis.
33
environment for methane bacteria.
are formed from organic acids. For vital functions of these bacteria
90% of methane yield takes place at this stage, 70% from acetic acid.
Thus acetic acid formation (3rd step) is the factor that defines the
34
speed of methane formation.
35
there is no boundaries for place and duration of decomposition. Such
over the acidity and alkalinity level in order to avoid bacteria collapse
special conditions must be secured. Mandatory factors for that are the
following:
conditions.
36
Temperature - the optimum temperature for mode for all bacteria
more intensive then at the en of it. Then comes the moment when
37
be maintained.
lifecycle are the nutrients for other bacteria group. The all work with
able to produce nutrients for another group. That is why the substrate
Particle size - The smaller the better rule is working here. Bacteria
size 1/1000 mm the smaller the substrate particles the easier the
38
disintegration should be done before substrate feed into reactor.
modes.
means, big quantities of heavy metals. Our specialists can advice you
on that.
biogas (methane not less then 55%, carbon dioxide not more
then 45%, hydrogen sulfide not more then 2%, hydrogen not
39
water, cellulose residues, small quantity of bacteria and organic
Biogas
What is biogas?
40
ammonia removal. If the burner is not adjustable the system of
used. After such treatment biogas becomes pure natural gas analog
41
pulp
Technical glycerin 500
Brewers grains 180
1000 m3). Biogas plant is the best solution for gas supply to
remote regions.
Bio-fertilizer
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digested biomass. Digested biomass is finished solid and liquid
Investment savings
43
biogas plant price.
Electricity
Heat
stock keeping.
44
greenhouse combined with biogas plant it is possible to reach 300-
500% of profitability.
cold for refrigeration of fresh milk at dairy farms or meat and eggs
storage.
Vehicle fuel
its properties and quality. The only difference is the source of the
gas. Such methane can be and should be filled into vehicle tank.
one system unit to run on methane costs 2200 123, all materials
45
and work included. Methane filling station payback period is about
half a year.
Net cost of biomethane is 1200 Rs for 1000 m3, and price for diesel
biomethane.
46
Biogas plant scheme
47
Operation principle of biogas plant
48
(sometimes cooled) for required temperature. As a rule such tank
has 2-3 days storage capacity. Solid waste can be loaded to that
charger.
49
hydraulic instead of mechanical. Such mixers pump the biomass
into the layers with bacterial clumps. Bioreactors are built with
with 40°С water so that heating system receives water with 60°С.
for gas production hot water is taken from a special water boiler.
Biogas plant self energy and heat consumption usually makes from
50
The average hydraulic retention time of biomass in bioreactor
about 70-160 days. The hydraulic retention time defines the size of
the digester.
which are injected into the digester during the biogas plant start up.
Microorganisms get into manure from animal bowels and are not
51
As end products we have: biogas and bio-fertilizer (composted or
liquid).
tilt cover. The space between the gasholder and tilt cover is
52
power. Big biogas plants are equipped with an emergency flare for
The automatic control unit operates the whole system. Control unit
for 2 hours a day is required. This person affects the control with
53
(bottles 0.3, 0.5, 1.0 l). In case liquid fertilizer is of no interest for
When company doesnt need electricity but gas for vehicle filling,
with single raw materials such as distillery slop and brewers grain.
54
123 and is under protection that makes impossible its usage by
other companies.
1. Homogenization tank
3. Bioreactor (digester)
4. Mixing devices
7. Gas system
8. Pumping station
9. Separator
55
11. Control equipment with visualization
CONCLUSION
56
strategies of every industry especially in the food
BIBLIOGRAPHY
57
Wikipedia.org
Gdrc.org
Zorg-biogas.com
Wm.com
Auroville.com
Ficci.com
BOOKS
58