A

COMPREHENSIVE PROJECT REPORT

ON

‘A STUDY OF CONSUMER PERCEPTION TOWARDS

GUJARATI NEWSPAPER.”

Prepared by:
Rajkumar Dhingani (137690592025)
Hardik Sorathiya (137690592116)
(Batch 2013 – 2015)

Under the Guidance of

Dr. Shahir Bhatt

Submitted to:-

Shri Jairambhai Patel Institute of Business Management and Computer Application

In partial Fulfillment of the Requirement of the award of the degree of

Master of Business Administration (MBA)

Offered By
Gujarat Technological University
Ahmedabad
1
 Declaration

We Hardik Sorasthiya And Raj Dhingani declare that this Comprehensive project is my own
work. It is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of
Business Administration at the Gujarat Technology University. It has not been submitted before
for any degree or examination in any other University. I further declare that I have obtained the
necessary authorization and consent to carry out this research.

Date :- Hardik Sorathiya

Place:- Gandhinagar Raj Dhingani

2
 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Hardik Sorathiya and Raj Dhingani , student of MBA (2013-2015,
batch) at Post Graduate Centre of Gujarat Technological University – MBA; SJPI has prepared a
Comprehensive Project Report on “A STUDY OF CONSUMER PERCEPTION TOWARDS
GUJARATI NEWSPAPER” in partial fulfillment of two years full-time MBA Programme of
Gujarat Technological University, Ahmadabad. This project work has been undertaken under our
supervision and guidance. This is to ascertain that, to the best of my knowledge the work
reported here in does not form part of any other project report or dissertation on the basis of
which a degree or award was conferred on an earlier occasion on this or any other candidate.
This project has been prepared only for the award of MBA degree.

Dr. Shahir Bhatt Dr. S.O.Junare

(Assistant Professor) (Director – TechnicalCampus)
(Project Guide)

Date:-…………………..
Place:- Gandhinagar.

3
 PREFACE

Today we are at the door step of 21st century. The world is widening without having a New
and new developments are coming these days in all fields all over India to make the people life
more comfortable and luxurious. The industries are growing so fast in India in order to satisfy
all the needs of people. Similarly Gov. has supported to these companies for their development
and progress of private companies.

Practical Study plays a vital role in the field of education. It has been introduced for the students
to get practical knowledge along with the theoretical knowledge; only bookish knowledge is not
the right way of learning anything especially for the management students. How management
principles are implemented in business can only be known through practical study through visit,
students can be berry well become ware about industrial environment like problem,
opportunities, different situations etc. This helps the students for better understanding & gives
then a chance to show their skills & ability.

According to the above reviews our Gujarat Technological University has included
Comprehensive project& viva of it, With a view to expand our boundaries of thinking about
implications of the theoretical knowledge in practical field, We have preferred project report
titled “A STUDY OF CONSUMER PERCEPTION TOWARDS GUJARATI
NEWSPAPER”‖ It is a matter of great pleasure to present this report work.

Thus in order to survive in the market one should have theoretical as well as Practical
knowledge about all different fields prevailing in market.

4
 AKNOWLEDGEMENT

I am thankful to the management of Shri Jairambhai Patel Institute Of Business

Administration And Computer Application which has imparted me sufficient knowledge and
confidence to complete this project in the field training.

I wish to express my deep sense of gratitude and indebtedness to our Dr. S.O.JUNARE-
Director Technical Campus. for granting me permission to carry out this project on service
quality.

I extend my heartfelt thanks and deep sense of gratitude to my guide Dr. Shahir Bhatt,
For guiding me in all works in a kind manner and enabling me to April towards the successful
finishing of this project.

I’m very grateful to all the faculty members of the department of management studies for
their encouragement and kind-hearted advice.

I’m highly obliged to our beloved Mr.Manish Sharma (Head – Divyabhaskar) for his
encouragement and constant support throughout the project.

I’m also thankful to Mr.Pavan Gupta (Head – Gujarat Samachar), Mr. Rajiv Gupta
(Head – Sandesh Newspaper) for offering me a project in their esteemed organization and
having guided me in the organization.

Finally I thank my family members and friends who helped me in all possible ways to
make this project a success.

Hardik Sorathiya

Raj Dhingani

5
 EXECUTIVE SUMMERY

This report is based on the market research conducted on the topic ‖“A STUDY OF
CONSUMER PERCEPTION TOWARDS GUJARATI NEWSPAPER”‖

As the customer are treated as king of today’s business world so it’s mandatory to see that our is
customer kings are satisfied. The study attempts to analyze and determine ‖“A STUDY OF
CONSUMER PERCEPTION TOWARDS GUJARATI NEWSPAPER”‖ and also find out
the satisfaction level towards quality, service, and Price of the Newspaper. The research was
purely based on the survey conducted in Gandhinagar, Rajkot, Ahmedabad & Baroda. The
sampling technique used was simple random sampling of advertisers. The data was collected
through personal interview and structured questionnaire. The research instrument used was a
questionnaire which helped in knowing the pulse of the readers. So whatever services are
provided to the customer his satisfaction is a must. Otherwise within no time the company will
loosen its customer. Now as in case of news paper depending on the information including
national and international and local news, people prepare the news paper. So the study explore
the needs and requirement of customers so by the study that too by the survey one can get the
clear picture about the satisfaction of customers towards the Gujarati news paper and one can
know what are the additional things to be added so that customer will be delighted.

“A customer is the most important visit our Newspaper. He is not dependent on us, we are
dependent on him. He is not an Interruption on our work. He is the purpose of it. He is not an
outsider on our business. He is a part of it. We are not doing him, a Favor by serving him. He is
doing us a Favor by giving us an opportunity to do so”

This project report is on the “A STUDY OF CONSUMER PERCEPTION TOWARDS

GUJARATI NEWSPAPER” on Reader to know about the awareness about the Behavior. The

project was carried in Gandhinagar, Rajkot , Baroda, Ahmedabad with sample size of 300

readers.

6
 TABLE OF CONTENT
SR.NO. TITLE PAGE
NO.
DECLARATION I
CERTIFICATES FROM THE INSTITUTE II
PREFACE Iv
ACKNOWLEDGEM ENT V
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Vi

1. Introduction to the study

1.1 Introduction 12
1.2 Origin of the Indian newspaper 12
1.3 News agency 13
1.4 Roll of newspaper to the consumer 13
1.5 Consumer value 13
1.6 Consumer satisfaction 14
1.7 Statement of the problem 14

1.1.1. Introduction – Newspaper 15

1.1.2. What News 15
1.1.3. History of Indian language newspaper 17
1.1.4. Major Indian language newspaper 19
1.1.5. Basic data 21
1.1.6. Background general characteristic 22
1.1.7. Nature of audience 23
1.1.8. Diversity and language press 24
1.1.9. Press of India 25
1.1.10. Leading daily newspaper 26
1.1.11. World largest newspaper 27
1.1.12. History of Indian newspaper in gujarati language 28

2. LITERATURE REVIEW 30
2.1. Research paper 33
2.2. Current scenario and future of newspaper 34
2.3. Guidance for newspaper publisher 35

3. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 39
3.1 Objective of the study 41
3.2 Scope of the study 41
3.3 Method of research 42
3.4 Research methodology Framework 45

4. DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION 47

4.1 Data Analysis 47

5 LIMITETION OF THE STUDY 108

6 FINDING OF THE STUDY 109
7 RECOMMODATION 110
8 CONCLUSION 111

ANNEXURE 112
BIBLIOGRAPHY 118

7
 LIST OF THE TABLES
SR.NO. TABLE TABLE NAME PAGE
NUMBERS NO.
1 5.1.1 Sex 48
2 5.1.2 Age 49
3 5.1.3 Occupation 50
4 5.1.4 Education 51
5 5.1.5 How do you usually get a copy of newspaper 52
6 5.1.6 Which newspapers do you read 53
7 5.1.7 How often do you read newspapers 54
8 5.1.8 How much time do you spend time for reading or 55
looking the newspaper
9 5.1.9 How important are newspapers According to you 56
10 5.1.10 Which ONE of s the most important item you look for 57
in newspapers
11 5.1.11 Which of these factors motivate you to read 58
newspapers
12 5.2.1 To get information 59
13 5.2.2 To broaden the horizon of general knowledge 60

14 5.2.3 For searching new jobs 61

15 5.2.4 For educational purpose 62
16 5.2.5 For entertainment 63
17 5.2.6 To know the sports news 64
18 5.2.7 As usual task of the day 65
19 5.2.8 To pass the time 66
20 5.2.9 It improves status in the society 67
21 5.2.10 To keep abreast with the present happenings of all over 68
the world

22 5.2.11 For getting various scholarship news 69

23 5.3.1. A newspaper is a part of a community’s character. 70
24 5.3.2 A newspaper should observe and report what happens 71
in the community without ever getting actively
involved.
25 5.3.3. Local television newscasts and cable news network 72
shave made newspapers less important.
8
26 5.3.4. The newspaper is the best overall source of news. 73
27 5.3.5. Other media, such as the local television news, do a 74
better job of covering events and issues in the
community.
28 5.3.6. A newspaper should play an active role in improving 75
the community sponsoring community forums on
important issues
29 5.3.7. Investigative reporting is the most important job of a 76
newspaper.
30 5.3.8. I enjoy reading in-depth coverage of local issues. 77
31 5.3.9. It is not the job of the newspaper to try to solve the 78
problems of the community, only to report them.
32 5.3.10. I prefer to get news in summary form containing only 79
the most important information with few details.
33 5.3.11 I trust the newspaper to weigh the issues and decide 80
what is important for me to know.
34 5.3.12 In general, newspaper reporters are fair people who 81
keep their personal feelings out of the stories they
write.
35 5.3.13 Newspapers reporters should be suspicious of 82
legislators and other government officials.
36 5.3.14 It is important for a local newspaper to cover local 83
news
37 5.3.15 It is important for a local newspaper to cover 84
national news
38 5.4.1. Regular part of my day 85
39 5.4.2. Looks out for my interests 86
40 5.4.3. Something to talk about 87
41 5.4.4. Makes me smarter 88
42 5.4.5. People I know 89
43 5.4.6. For inspires me 90
44 5.4.7. For Create High quality 91
45 5.4.8. I connect with the writers 92
46 5.4.9. My personal timeout 93
47 5.4.10. Makes me more interesting 94
48 5.4.11. Commands my attention 95
49 5.4.12. Know The story 96
50 5.4.13. Taking a stand 97
51 5.4.14. For Now The World 98
52 5.4.15. Grabs me visually 99

9
53 5.4.16. Makes me want to read 100
54 5.4.17. Pass it around 101
55 5.4.18. Ad credibility 102
56 5.4.19. Value for my money 103
57 5.4.20 For Guidance 104
58 5.4.21. For News junkie 105
59 5.4.22 For Advertisement 106
60 5.4.23 For Other Reason 107

10
 LIST OF FIGURES:

SR.NO. TABLE TABLE NAME PAGE

NUMBERS NO.
1 5.1.1 Sex 48
2 5.1.2 Age 49
3 5.1.3 Occupation 50
4 5.1.4 Education 51
5 5.1.5 How do you usually get a copy of newspaper 52
6 5.1.6 Which newspapers do you read 53
7 5.1.7 How often do you read newspapers 54
8 5.1.8 How much time do you spend time for reading or 55
looking the newspaper
9 5.1.9 How important are newspapers According to you 56
10 5.1.10 Which ONE of s the most important item you look for 57
in newspapers
11 5.1.11 Which of these factors motivate you to read 58
newspapers
12 5.2.1 To get information 59
13 5.2.2 To broaden the horizon of general knowledge 60

14 5.2.3 For searching new jobs 61

15 5.2.4 For educational purpose 62
16 5.2.5 For entertainment 63
17 5.2.6 To know the sports news 64
18 5.2.7 As usual task of the day 65
19 5.2.8 To pass the time 66
20 5.2.9 It improves status in the society 67
21 5.2.10 To keep abreast with the present happenings of all over 68
the world

22 5.2.11 For getting various scholarship news 69

23 5.3.1. A newspaper is a part of a community’s character. 70

11
24 5.3.2 A newspaper should observe and report what happens 71
in the community without ever getting actively
involved.
25 5.3.3. Local television newscasts and cable news network 72
shave made newspapers less important.
26 5.3.4. The newspaper is the best overall source of news. 73
27 5.3.5. Other media, such as the local television news, do a 74
better job of covering events and issues in the
community.
28 5.3.6. A newspaper should play an active role in improving 75
the community sponsoring community forums on
important issues
29 5.3.7. Investigative reporting is the most important job of a 76
newspaper.
30 5.3.8. I enjoy reading in-depth coverage of local issues. 77
31 5.3.9. It is not the job of the newspaper to try to solve the 78
problems of the community, only to report them.
32 5.3.10. I prefer to get news in summary form containing only 79
the most important information with few details.
33 5.3.11 I trust the newspaper to weigh the issues and decide 80
what is important for me to know.
34 5.3.12 In general, newspaper reporters are fair people who 81
keep their personal feelings out of the stories they
write.
35 5.3.13 Newspapers reporters should be suspicious of 82
legislators and other government officials.
36 5.3.14 It is important for a local newspaper to cover local 83
news
37 5.3.15 It is important for a local newspaper to cover 84
national news
38 5.4.1. Regular part of my day 85
39 5.4.2. Looks out for my interests 86
40 5.4.3. Something to talk about 87
41 5.4.4. Makes me smarter 88
42 5.4.5. People I know 89
43 5.4.6. For inspires me 90
44 5.4.7. For Create High quality 91
45 5.4.8. I connect with the writers 92
46 5.4.9. My personal timeout 93
47 5.4.10. Makes me more interesting 94
48 5.4.11. Commands my attention 95
49 5.4.12. Know The story 96
50 5.4.13. Taking a stand 97

12
51 5.4.14. For Now The World 98
52 5.4.15. Grabs me visually 99
53 5.4.16. Makes me want to read 100
54 5.4.17. Pass it around 101
55 5.4.18. Ad credibility 102
56 5.4.19. Value for my money 103
57 5.4.20 For Guidance 104
58 5.4.21. For News junkie 105
59 5.4.22 For Advertisement 106
60 5.4.23 For Other Reason 107

13
CHAPTER-1
INTRODUCTION

14
 1.1. INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY

The newspaper is defined as “Any printed periodical work, containing public news or comments
on public events” Press and Registration Book Act1987.
Media in India, experience newspaper media, are undergoing significant changes in the
current liberalized environment. Newspaper a publication that appears regularly and frequently
carries news about a wide variety of
currentevents. The newspaper publishes have a over all control by its business and news
operations.
“The press is the Guardian Angel of Democracy”. A forceful and prosperous press is
the guarantor of popular rights. The press flight by itself alone, but not for itself by alone. To
most people “The press” means the daily newspaper, but although re-eminent in influence and
importance, daily newspapers are only a small part of the press the farm “newspaper” is usually
applied to the publications devoted mainly for recording current events and the term
“periodicals” to magazines, reviews to journals.
In reality the press is a private industry and a public service. No other force in public life
operates so persistently and so extensively in its range of appeal. The scope of this subject of
appeal and matter as so does the press. Newspapers have a unique dimension of social
responsibility, which means the newspaper industry different from every other industry. But
business success is as vital to this industry as to any other.

According to the recorded facts the first newspaper of the world was published in China around
1000 years ago. It meant “News of the Capital”. The second newspaper of the world was the
“Acto Divra” which meant, “Daily happening” in Greek. There are the oldest two newspapers in
the pre-recorded history.

The first newspaper of the world was the “Morning Post” which was started in London in the
year 1772 followed by this another newspaper “The London Times” started in publications.

1.2.The Origin of the Indian Newspaper

The first newspaper in Indian appeared on 29 th January 1780, which James Augustris Hicky
started the “Bengal Gazette” or “Calcutta General Advertises” This was a weekly political and
commercial paper open to all parties but influenced by none. Journalism started in India as a
mission to expose the malpractices of East India Company Rule and Administration for his
criticisms Hicky was fined a large amount and later on imprisoned. Simultaneously a number of
Journals emerged under the sponsorship of company official’s for defending themselves against
the criticism made by Hicky and his followers.
The second one came up in November 1780. The third one up in February1784. The
Calcutta Gazette this was followed by “Bengat Chronicle” in 1785from them onwards the news
and newspaper have flooded throughout India, Indian press the present Scenario.
The Indian press consists of more than 20000 newspaper magazines and periodicals published in
20 different languages with a combined circulation of more than 55 million. The number of the
major newspaper, ‘magazines with membership in Indian Newspaper Society (INS) is given
53.4%. It has a combined circulation of 34 millions out of these there and 150 English with
circulation of 7 millions and there are 38 in Indian languages with a circulation of27 million.

15
1.3.News Agencies

There are 4 main news agencies in India.

 Press Trust of India (PTI)
 United News of India (UNI)
 Sam char Bharathi (SB)
 Hindustan Sam char (HS)

While the Press Trust of India is supplying news in English, the other two are operating through
the medium of Hindi and other Indian languages. Since May 1982, the United News of India has
also launched a new service in Hindi and the credit line of “UNIVARTA”. Similarly Press Trust
of India has started in1986 a Hindi language news service called Press Trust of India BHASHA.

1.4.Role of Newspapers to the Consumers

The power of the press is felt on our activities. It controls the rise and face of clings, cabinets and
presidents. Once an editor said “I care not who governs the country so long as I can govern
the press” . The press has rightly been called the “Fourth Estate”. Such an influential organ has
to shoulder great responsibilities the power, unless used with great care will cause server
damage. The first and foremost duty of the press is to furnish uncolored news, but at the same
time, it should furnish news on all fields such as science, economic, politics etc. The news should
not suppressed undue emphasis be laid. Some sensational newspaper now a days print
unimportant and trivial news in the front pages, while worldwide important news are not given
place in the first page. Another great responsibility of the press is to represent public opinion
without fear or favors. As the press is called the eyes and ear of the world, it has to keep an eye
on what happens and reflects views of the people on those happenings. The press is a medium
not only to give news to the public but also to express the public opinion.
The letters of the consumers published under “Letters to the Editors”“Yours Views” etc. Initiate
debates on controversial issues. It will help definitely to bring out the best of it. Thus the press is
not only a mirror of what the people thinks, but it is also a school of Instruction, a source of
guidance to the common people.

1.5.Consumer Value

Consumers delivered value is the difference between total consumer’s value and total consumers
cost. Total consumers value is the bundle of benefits consumers expect to incur in evaluating,
obtaining, using and disposing of the product or service.

16
1.6.Consumer Satisfaction

“Satisfaction is a person’s feelings of Pleasure of disappointment resulting from comparing

products perceived performance (or outcome) in relation to his or her expectations”.
At this definition makes clear, satisfaction is a function of perceived performance and
expectations. If the performance falls short of expectations, the consumers is dissatisfied. If
the performance matches the expectations, the consumers are satisfied. If the performance
exceeds expectations, the consumer is highly satisfied or delighted.
Many companies are aiming for high satisfaction because consumers who are just satisfied still
find it easy to switch when a better offer comes along. Those who are highly satisfied are much
less to switch. High satisfaction or delight creates an emotional bond with the brand, not just, a
rational preference. The result is high consumer’s loyalty.
From past buying experience, friend’s and associate’s advice, and marketer’s and competitor’s
information and promises.
The key to generating high consumer’s loyalty is to deliver high consumers value According to
Michael Lanning, in hi delivering profitable value; a company must develop a competitively
superior value proposition and a superior value delivery system.
A company’s value proposition is much more than it’s positioning on a single attribute; it is a
statement about the resulting experience consumer’s will have from the offering and their
relationship with the supplier.
The brand must represent a promise about the total resulting experience that consumers can
expect. Whether the promise is kept depends upon the company’s ability to mange its value -
delivery system includes all the communications and channel experiences the consumers will
have on the way to obtaining the offering.

1.7.Statement Of The Problem

Knowledge is power “In today’s world there is an increasing demand of knowledge, especially
after the economy has opened up the world is becoming one small village newspaper is one
effective media which producers relevant information”. Newspaper now a days has become one
of the most important sources of information for reduce to
know things in depth no doubt other mediavehicles live television, radio and
other sources provided information but they crack inner course of action that is really wanted by
the reduce.

The print media becoming very competitive throughout the country. There duce by and large are
modernizing their preference and there are various newspapers are circulated every day. The
need of the study areas to know the preference towards The Hindu Newspaper will also help to
know the attributes which made the reduce to preference of Hindu.

17
 1.1.1.INTRODUCTION – NEWSPAPER.

1.1.2 What is "News"?

Some preliminary remarks are in order on the subject of just what "news" is, anyway. We
normally think of news as a particular kind of historical reality, which could probably be defined
analytically. That is a mystification of the subject. If journalists are experts on anything, it is
their audience, and not some other aspect of reality. Viewed "phenomenological," news is simply
what made it into today's paper or news broadcast. There are now 188 countries, 5 billion people,
and thousands of things that "happened" yesterday. Only the ones that actually made the paper
became news. Tomorrow will have its own news, so the rejected events will never be news. Of
course they might be part of later historical reconstructions of our time. One might think, in such
a case, that the journalists just blew it - if you really thought that news was of the same nature as
history. But news is not about history, really, but about profits, when publishers are thinking
clearly, and newspaper publishers were thinking clearly from the very beginning.

Definitions should come from general usage, and this is what we mean by "news" when we are
not being confused with such notions as unimportant news or unreported news. There is no such
thing as unreported news, because news is not natural. Events are natural but periodical news is a
manufactured product. Of course, that is true of "history" too. History is what historians make
out of everything left from the past. News is what news writers squeezed into today's paper. If
there is a point to histories, it is ultimately philosophical; the point of newspapers is to be
recycled - the first product with planned obsolescence

Our second preliminary point is that there is no necessity of thinking of news as daily. It used to
come along irregularly when people, exercising their own judgment, decided that something they
heard was unusually interesting or important, and passed it on. People maintained their normal
standards of honor and truth in spreading this news, so everyone knew about how far to trust the
information. They were not awed by the institutional stature of giant news corporations. That
changed in the seventeenth century, when people got used to the idea that there was an
absolutely regular quota of news, which was vouched for by transcendent sources. Daily news
then became a steady stream of perceptions, the stream of society's consciousness. One
participated in society in a new way.

Third, not all of the content of the many kinds of periodicals published over the years is news, in
the accepted sense of important social or political events. This study will be interested in all of it,
however, because it all partakes of the same urgency with which we invest politics. There have
been many occasions in the history of journalism where opinion has been published as news,
where comments have been presented with the authority of facts. Everything becomes strange
when it is cut out of reality in the same way as political or commercial reports are, so that our
science, religion, ethics, and arts are becoming as curious as our politics. And it bears
remembering that this cultural tempo, like our political tempo, is for the convenience of
publishers.

18
Fourth, our most common mistake in thinking about news is to imagine that the most important
events are those that get the most publicity. The reverse may be true. Powerful people do not
usually like publicity. Celebrities like publicity, and the media have learned that customers will
pay as much or more to read about celebrities as about the powerful. Given the accessibility of
celebrities, reporters may concentrate on them while the powerful go about their business. So
there is a good chance that the news will not cover what historians will later write about our
times. The founders of this nation had a seemingly naive faith i9n the power of the "free" press to
responsibly inform the nation's citizens of ongoing events, yet the press has never been "free" in
the sense that it take money to purchase a press, and only its owner is guaranteed the right to
publish with it anything he or she wishes.

Those who hope that the news will keep them informed about the powerful forces in the world
should consider that power might be defined as the ability to keep oneself out of the news. And
further, an elite can be defined as a group that is able to monopolize a certain class of
information, and keep it out of circulation. For even today all important news is transmitted
orally, within elites. If important news is what gives one person an advantage over others, then it
follows that valuable news is something you have to pay a lot for, one way or another. What is
left over becomes the contents of the media.

It is doubtless true that over the centuries media attention has helped the public to monitor and
challenge elites. In time, this attention has eroded the power of some of those elites, but only at
the point when the press itself became big business, an elite with secrets of its own. What the
balance sheet would show of the new distribution of power, and whether the public has a right to
feel included in the power structure because of its news consciousness, should get more attention
than it has.

19
 1.1.3.HISTORY OF INDIAN LANGUAGE NEWSPAPERS

Emperor Asoka’s pillar inscriptions & rock edicts in different parts of the Mauryan
Empire during 3rd century B.C are considered examples of imperial political communication to
the informed & literate section of the population. Ashoka used the Prakrit language in his
communication on ethics & morals as evidence by his inscriptions.

The learning languages were confined to high casts, the aristocracy, priests, army
personnel & landowners. Another feature of communication in ancient India was the emphasis
placed on oral & aural systems. Writing was done on palm leaves using a style, but the written
documents were considered too scared to be touched or used by the lower classes. The ruling
class used certain methods for coding, transmitting & decoding messages secretly through the
network of spies to information about neighboring enemies.

According to historians of journalism, news was collected in a well-organized manner

under Akbar the Great. In 1574, Akbar established a recording office that helped later medieval
historians to gather materials for chronicles.

The Bengal Gazette

Founded by James Augustus Hickey (surname) or Hicky, a highly eccentric Irishman who had
previously spent two years in gaol for debt,Hickey's Bengal Gazette or the Calcutta General
Advertiser was the first English language newspaper, and indeed the first printed newspaper, to
be published in the Indian sub-continent.

It was a weekly newspaper, and was founded in 1779, in Calcutta, the capital of British
India. The memoirist William Hickey (who, confusingly, was not in fact related to the paper's
founder) describes its establishment shortly after he had succeeded (in his capacity as an
attorney-at-law) in having James Hicky released from debtor's gaol:

"At the time I first saw Hicky he had been about seven years in India. During his
confinement he met with a treatise upon printing, from which he collected sufficient information
to commence as a printer, there never having been a press in Calcutta.....it occurred to Hicky
that great benefit might arise from setting on foot a public newspaper, nothing of that kind ever
having appeared. Upon his types &c., therefore reaching him, he issued proposals for printing a
weekly paper, which, meeting with extraordinary encouragement, he speedily issued his first
work. As a novelty every person read it, and was delighted. Possessing a fund of low wit, his
paper abounded with proof of that talent. He had also a happy knack at applying appropriate
nicknames and relating satirical anecdotes".

20
Unfortunately for Hicky he himself benefited little from the paper, as William Hickey further
tells us that he allowed it "to become the channel of personal invective, and the most scurrilous
abuse of individuals of all ranks, high and low, rich and poor, many were attacked in the most
wanton and cruel manner . His utter ruin was the consequence”. The paper itself survived until
the 1830s, when its circulation was exceeded by The Englishman (also published from Calcutta
from 1818, and now known as The Statesman).

The first newspaper in an Indian language was the SamacharDarpan in Bengali. The first issue
of this daily was published from the Serampore Mission Press on May 23, 1818. In the same
year, Ganga Kishore Bhattacharya started publishing another newspaper in Bengali,
the Bengal Gazetti. On July 1, 1822 the first Gujarati newspaper the Bombay Samachar was
published from Bombay, which is still extant. The first Hindinewspaper,
the SamacharSudhaVarshan began in 1854. Since then, the prominent Indian languages in which
papers have grown over the years
are Hindi, Marathi, Malayalam,Kannada, Tamil, Telugu, Urdu andBengali.

The Indian language papers have taken over the English press as per the latest NRS survey of
newspapers. The main reasons being the marketing strategy followed by the regional papers,
beginning with Eenadu, a telegu daily started by RamojiRao. The second reason being the
growing literacy rate. Increase in the literacy rate has direct positive effect on the rise of
circulation of the regional papers.

The people are first educated in their mother tongue as per their state in which they live for e.g.
students in Maharashtra are compulsory taught Marathi language and hence they are educated in
their state language and the first thing a literate person does is read papers and gain knowledge
and hence higher the literacy rate in a state the sales of the dominating regional paper in that state
rises.

The next reason being localisation of news. Indian regional papers have several editions for a
particular State for complete localisation of news for the reader to connect with the
paper. Malayala Manoramahas about 10 editions in Kerala itself and six others outside Kerala.
Thus regional papers aim at providing localised news for their readers. Even Advertisers saw the
huge potential of the regional paper market, partly due to their own research and more due to the
efforts of the regional papers to make the advertisers aware of the huge marke

21
 1.1.4.THE MAJOR INDIAN LANGUAGE NEWSPAPER

Digdarshan was the first Indian language newspaper. It started in April 1818 by
the Serampur missionaries William Carcy, Joshua Marshman& William Ward. They soon started
another journal in June of the same year & named it SamacharDarpan.
The famous Raja Ram Mohan Roy also brought out periodicals in English, Bengali & Persian.
Some of Roy’s papers were SambadKaumadi, Brahmical Magazine, Mirat-ul-Akhbar, and
Bangadoota&BengalHerald

ASSAMESE:-

Amnodaya, a distinguished journal in the Assamese language was started in 1846 under the
editorship of the Reverend Oliver.T.Cutter.

GUJARATI:-

The newspaper with the greatest longevity in India, Mumbai Samachar was also the first Gujarati
Newspaper. It was established in 1822 by FarduvjiMarzaban as a weekly & then became a daily
in 1832.

HINDI:-

The first Hindi daily was samacharSudhavarshan (Calcutta, 1854). Later SamayadantMartand,
Banaras Akhbar, Shimila Akbar &MalwaAkhbar came out.

Calcutta was the birth place not only of English, Bengali & Hindi journalism. The first Urdu
newspaper was published by Urdu Akhbar in the second decade of the 19th century.

KANNADA:-

Kannada Samachar was the earliest Kannada journal, according to many scholars. But others
think that the first Kannada journal was MangalooraSamachar. Later SubudhiPrakasha, Kannada
Vaatika, Amnodaya, Mahilaasakhi&Sarvamitra came out during the 18th century.

MALAYALAM:-

Mathrubhumi, MalayalaManorama, Kerala Kanmudi are the main newspapers of Kerala. The
other daily newspapers are Desabhimani, Mangalam, Madhyamam, Chandrika, Deepika etc.

22
MARATHI:-

Darpan was the first Marathi newspaper started on 6 January 1832. Kesari&Sudarak were other
papers of the 18th century. Induprakash was an Anglo-Marathi daily established in 1862.

ORIYA:-

The first Oriya magazine Junaruna was published by the Orissa Mission Press in 1849 under the
editorship of Charles Lacey. Then came another publication from the same press
‘Prabhatchandrika’, under the editorship of William Lacey. UtkalSahitya, Bodhadayini,
Baleshwar SambadBalika etc… started in the 18th century.

PUNJABI:-

Although Maharaja Ranjit Singh encouraged the development of Punjabi journalism. The earliest
Punjabi newspaper was a missionary newspaper. The first printing press in Punjab was
established in Ludhiana in 1809.

TAMIL:-

The first periodical ‘Tamil Patrika’ a monthly was brought out in 1831 by the Religious Tract
Society in Madras; it lasted till 1833.

The next periodical weekly was the Dina Vartamani published in Madras from 1856 by the
Dravidian press & edited by the Reverend P.Percival. Later Swadeshamitran, Deshabaktan etc…
were other papers.

TELUGU:-

KandukuriVeeresaliongamPantulu, known as the Father of the renaissance movement in Andhra

& the founder of modern Telugu, sparked a social reform movement through his weekly
Vivekavardhini. He also founded separate journals for women; Satihitabodhini.

23
1.1.5.BASIC DATA

Official Country Name Republic of India

Region (Map name) East, South & Asia

Population 1,285,144,809 (1.28 billion) As of May 14,

2015

Language(s) English, Bengali, Telugu & Marathi

Literacy Rate 64.8 %

Area 1.269 million sq miles

GDP 456,990 (US Million)

Number of Daily News Paper 400

Total Circulation 30,800,000

(Ref. Indian online Page . Com)

24
1.1.6. BACKGROUND & GENERAL CHARCTERSTICS

India is the world’s largest democracy its mass media culture a system that has evolved over
centuries, is comprised of a complex framework. Modernization has transformed this into a
communications network that sustains the pulse of a democracy about 1.1 billion people. India’s
newspaper evolution is nearly unmatched in world press history. India’s newspaper industries
and its westernization or modularization as French would call it go hand in hand. India’s press
is metaphor for its advancement in the globalize world.

The printing press preceded the advent of printed news in India by about 100 years. It was
in1674 that the first printing apparatus was established in Bombay followed by Madras 1772.
India’s first newspaper, Calcutta general advertises, also known as Hicky’s Bengal Gazette was
established in January 1780, and the first Hindi daily, Sam char sudha varshan, began in 1854.
The evolution of the Indian media since has been fraught with development difficulties.
Illiteracy, colonial constraints and repression poverty and apathy thwart interest in news and
media. Within this framework it is instructive to examine India’s press in two board analytical
section: pre-colonial times and the colonial, independent press (which may, again be classified
into two: preceding and following the emergency rule imposed by Indhira Gandhi’s government
in 1975.) the post emergency phase. This continues at the present, May the third independent
phase of India newspaper revolution

25
1.1.7. THE NATURE OF THE AUDIENCE

While a majority of the poor working people in rural and urban areas still remain oppressed and
even illiterate, a significant proportion of people – roughly about 52 percent of the population
over 15 years of age were record as being able to read and write. That breaks down to 65.5
percent of males and an estimate of 37.7 percent of females. After the liberalization of the
economy, the growth of the industries, and a rise in literacy, and consumerism. Since private
enterprise began to sustain pay off, mass communications picked up as a growth industries.

In 1976 the register of newspaper for India had recorded 875 papers; in 1995 there were 4453
Robin Jeffrey comments:

“Newspaper did not expand simply because the technology was available to make Indian scripts
live as they had not been able to live before. Nor did newspaper grow simply because more
people knew how to read and write. They grew because more people knew how to read and
write. They grew because entrepreneur detected a growing hunger for information among over-
widening section of India’s people, who were potential consumers as well as newspaper readers.
A race began to reach this audience advertising avenues were the prizes and these would come
largely to newspaper that could convince advertisers that they had more readers than their rivals.
Readers, meanwhile, were saying implicitly: we will read newspaper that tell us about ourselves
and reflect our concerns.”

26
1.1.8.DIVERSITY AND THE LANGUAEGE PRESS

Naresh khanna summarizes the trends in circulatory growth and decline varied in regional
language paper during 1998-2000: In the three year period from 1998-2000, circulation of dailies
in the country increased marginally from 58.37 to 59.13 million copies. This represents a growth
of 1.3 percent on the basis of data published by the register of newspaper for India in its annual
reports.

In this time, two distinct group of newspaper emerge the first including five languages that have
collectively grown in copies. Amongst these newspapers, those in Malayalam and Bengali grew
fastest at 12.9 percent and 12.8 percent respectively, while Hindi dailies grew by 5 percent and
English dailies by 4.7 percent over the three year period. Although Marathi newspaper increased
circulation by 2.75 percent over the three years it would seem that they are in danger of falling
out of this group and perhaps entering the phase of stagnation and circulation decline (Khanna
2002)

The second group 0f stagnating and declining circulation includes newspaper seven languages
with a combined circulation of 14.8 million copies in 2000. These dailies lost almost 1.8 million
copies(10.62 percent)of their combined circulation in the last three years. Daily newspaper
circulation plummeted most dramatically in Telugu, which fell

from 2.28 million to 1.68 million copies, a fall of more than 26 percent. Urdu newspaper
circulation fell by more than 12 percent and Tamil dailies circulation declined by 10.8 percent
with circulation of Gujarat dailies falling by 10.5 percent. Over the same period circulation of
Oriya dailies declined by 2.8 percent and that of Punjabi dailies by 3.2 percent. Although over
the three years Kannada newspaper show an insignificant fall in circulation seem to have entered
a period of stagnation and decline of their awn. It would seem that in spite of new edition being
added by Hindi, English, Malayalam and Bengali dailies, the print media is loosing its
dominance of advertising market share to television, radio and outdoor media (Khanna 2002).

India’s language newspaper enjoy relatively new entrepreneurial prowess. A mutually

convenient relationship between the owners and capitalist keeps a financial balance between
local / regional and national spheres in both private and public sector. “Like coral in reef
newspaper grew and died in a process inseparable from the creation of a ‘public sphere’ in the
classical liberal sense. Individual proprietors sometimes brought to their newspapers a crusader’s
zeal for a particular cause or a diehard’s loathing for a rival” (Jeffrey 105).

27
1.1.9. PRESS IN INDIA

Much of India’s legal framework is built upon its colonial legacy. Legal statutes and regulations
have been undergoing certain changes as India’s freedom came at a high cost. The country was
divided. India’s border conflict with two hostile neighbors which forced at least three large scale
wars eclipsed other political issues. The democratic process, corrupted by criminals,
unscrupulous bureaucrats and politicians, created a social climate that widened social and
economic inequality.

Freedom of speech and expression is a constitutionally guaranteed fundamental right of the

Indian people. Article ensures the implicit freedom but Article qualifies this in explicit terms.
The parliamentary proceeding (protection of publication) Act of 1977 and the prevention of
publication of objectionable matter (Repeal Act) of 1977 further reinforce and restrict these
freedoms. While constitutional guarantees ensure freedom of the press and expression, press and
media are obligated by self regulatory systems of ethics that protect individuals and organization
from libellous behaviour. “Freedom of the press is an institutional freedom” wrote sachin sen .
The press council bill of 1956, introduced in the Indian parliament, stipulated the establishment
of the press council of India representing working journalist, the newspaper management literacy
bodies and the parliament. The Indian press commission.

Accepted the following postulate: “Democratic society lives and grows by accepting ideas, by
experimenting with them, and where necessary rejecting them ….The press is responsible part of
democratic society” (quoted sen 42).

While the central press accreditation committee seeks to ensure quality and self-renewal, the
press council of India was established in 1966 to uphold editorial autonomy. Restriction on free
speech was imposed after Indira Gandhi’s Infamous emergency rule. The press council off India
was abolished after Editor George Varghese’s criticism of the Indira government. The minister
of information and broadcasting carefully regulates the press and its liberties.

The maintenance of internal security Act (MISA) Was enforced to intimidate reputedly
autonomous newspaper in the seventies. The press council, resurrected in 1979 has no legal
standing to impose penalties.

28
1.1.10 THE LEADING DAILY NEWSPAPER
NEWSPAPER LANGUAGE

Aj Hindi

Anand Bajar Patrika Bengali

Bharyman Bengali

Daily Thanthi Tamil

Dainik Jarran Hindi

Dainik Bhaskar Hindi

Dinamalar Hindi

Eenadu Telgu

Gujarat Sam char Gujarat

Hindustan Times English

Indian Express English

Lol Satta Marati

Malayalam Manorams Malayalam

Mahru Bhumi Malayalam

Nav Bharat Hindi

Navbharat Times Hindi

Punjabi Kesari Hindi

Sakal Marathi

Sandesh Gujarat

The Economic English

The Hindu English

The New Indian Times English

The Times of India English

29
1.1.11 WORLD LARGEST DAILY NEWSPAPER:

NEWS PAPER NATION

Asahi Shimbun Japan

Bild Australia

Billd Zeitung Germany

Chunichi Shimbun Japan

Gongren Ribao China

Manichi Shumban Japan

Nikhan Keizai Japan

People’s Daily China

Reference News China

Sikuan Ribao China

The Mirror/ Daily Record Britain

The sun Britain

Yomiuri Shimun Japan

Source: World Press Trends

30
1.1.12 HISTORY OF INDIAN NEWS PAPERS IN GUJRATI LANGUAGE

DainikBhaskar

DainikBhaskar is a Hindi-language daily newspaper of India published by Bhaskar Group. It was

started in year 1958 from Bhopal, the capital city of Madhya Pradesh. Its is owned by the
Agrawal family in Bhopal and its current national editor is Shravan Garg.

DainikBhaskar was first published in Bhopal and Gwalior of the central province. The
newspaper was launched in year 1956 to fulfill the need for a Hindi language daily, by the
name Subah Savere in Bhopal and Good Morning India in Gwalior in year 1957, it was renamed
as Bhaskar Samachar In year 1958 it was renamed as Dainik Bhaskar

DainikBhaskar has 27 editions in 9 states- Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Chattisgarh, Haryana,

Delhi, Punjab , Himachal Pradesh, and the Union Territory of Chandigarh.

In Gujarat, Bhaskar Group publishes DivyaBhaskar a Gujarati daily launched in

2003.This ;launch is a case study in IIM ( Indian Institute of management - Ahmedabad) and the
door-to-door-twin-contact launch programmed has been recognized as an Orbit shifting
innovation. It has won Business Process Innovation award by Marico Foundation.

DivyaBhaskar is the largest circulated daily of Gujarat as per ABC ( audit Beauro of circulation )
and has the maximum edition by any newspaper in Gujarat. It is published from Ahmedabad,
Baroda, Surat, Rajkot,Jamnagar, Mehsana, Bhavnagar ( saurashtraSamachatr ).

The company launched English newspaper DNA in Mumbai in 2004 in partnership with the Zee
Group. DNA is today published from Mumbai,Bangalore, Pune, Ahmedabad and Jaipur. DNA is
the second largest broadsheet newspaper of Mumbai. as per Indian Readership survey ( IRS R2
09)

GujratSamachar :

Gujarat Samachar (meaning Gujarat News) is a Gujarati language daily newspaper in India. It is
a leading paper in the Indian state of Gujarat, with the reported highest average readership in the
state (4.5 million) as of September 2012.

Its main office is in Ahmedabad. It has one branch in Surat as well and distributes editions from
Ahmedabad, Vadodara (Baroda), Surat, Rajkot, Bhavnagar, Mumbai, Mehsana, Bhuj and New
York.

The paper was founded in 1932, and acquired by Shantilal "Seth" Shah (1920-c.1984) in 1952.

31
SANDESH

Sandesh started its journey in the world of Journalism in 1923. Since than it has flourished into 7
editions and has played a critical and vital role in the up liftment and welfare of five corer
Gujaratis. It covers the latest news and deals with the day to day situation with equanimity and
fare judgment .Sandesh provides information and entertainment through its supplements dealing
with almost all the subjects.

The Sandesh Limited is a listed and public limited company with Head Quarter at Ahmedabad.
Till 1984, Sandesh was a single edition newspaper published from Ahmedabad. Then under
expansion programme new editions were launched Baroda, Surat, Rajkot, Bhavnagar,Kutch&
Mumbai in 1985, 1989, 1990, 1998, 2011 and 2014 respectively.

Initially in 1923 ShriNandlalBodiwala started Sandesh daily on a small scale, But in 1958 when
late ShriChimanbhai Patel was at the helm of affairs ; his vision , foresight and business
changed the destiny of Sandesh and its circulation began to increase by leaps and bounds. His
unique contribution was ‘Sunday SanskarPoorti’ in Gujarati journalism, that included many
celebrities as columnists. Thus he was the pioneer of Sunday Supplements in Gujarati
journalism. He was always in search of new talents and new ideas to make Sandesh a unique and
dynamic daily. It was this missionary zeal that made Sandesh a household name in Gujarat.

Present CMD and the Editor of Sandesh ShriFalgunbhai Patel joined the organization in 1979
after completing his MBA in USA. His close collaboration with his father made a rare
combination of wide experience and youthful dynamism that added a rare spirit of adventure
and calculated business viewpoint in the development of Sandesh as a giant entity. The company
went public in 1994 with a premium of Rs.90/- on the face value ofRs. 10/- per share. The issue
was oversubscribed by 15 times. “The Sandesh Limited” thus became the first media house to
become a public limited company.

But destiny sometimes plays cruel game and in March 1995 ShriChimanbhai Patel succumbed to
a massive heart attack and Falgunbhai lost his best friend, philosopher and guide in the person of
his beloved father. It was a sad sorrowful day for the entire SandeshPariwar . Since his father’s
demise, Falgunbhai had to shoulder additional responsibilities of editorial section in addition to
his managerial duties. He took all the challenges with the help of his professional assistants with
great skill.

32
CHAPTER-2
LITRETURE REVIEW

33
 2. REVIEW OF LITERATURE

2.1. Research paper:-

Several factors has been identified by various authors in their empirical research

 According to Drucker (1954), the principle purpose of the business is to create satisfied
customers. Increasing customer satisfaction has to been found to lead to higher future
profitability (Anderson, Fornell, and Rust 1997), increased buyer willingness to pay price
premiums, provide referrals, and use more of the product (Reichheld1996; Anderson and
Sullivan 1993; Bolton 1998). Increased loyalty, in turn, has been found to lead to
increases in future revenue (Fornell 1992; Anderson, Fornell, and Lehmann 1994) and
reduction in the cost of future transaction (Reichheld 1996; Srivastava, Shervani, and
Fahey 1998). All of this empirical evidence suggests that customer satisfaction is
valuable from both a customer goodwill perspective and an organization’s financial
perspective.

 John O Shaughnessy (1987) marketing strategic is a broad conception of how resource

to be Delhi to achieve market success. The content for a marketing strategy shows how
the proposed key features of the films offering (products, price, promotion and
distribution) are intended to achieve the firm objectives.

 A firm’s future profitability depends on satisfying customers in the present – retained

customers should be viewed as revenue producing assets for the firm (Anderson and
Sullivan 1993; Reichheld 1996; Anderson and Mittal 2000). Empirical studies have
found evidence that 6 improved customer satisfaction need not entail higher costs, in
fact, improved customer satisfaction may lower costs due to a reduction in defective
goods, product re-work, etc. (Fornell 1992; Anderson, Fornell, and Rust 1997). However,
the key to building long-term customer satisfaction and retention and reaping the benefits
these efforts can offer is to focus on the development of high quality products and
services.

34
 Customer satisfaction and retention that are bought through price promotions, rebates,
switching barriers, and other such means are unlikely to have the same long-run impact
on profitability as when such attitudes and behaviors are won through superior products
and services (Anderson and Mittal 2000). Thus, squeezing additional reliability out of a
manufacturing or service delivery process may not increase perceived quality and
customer satisfaction as much as tailoring goods and services to meet customer needs
(Fornell, Johnson, Anderson, Cha, and Everitt 1996).

 Narasimha Rao P.V.L.National consumership survey (2005) press continues to grow

from time to time. Press adds 34 million consumers in the last 2years over the last 3 years
the number of consumers of dailies and magazines put together among those aged 15
years and above has grown from 179mn to 200mna growth of 4% every years.

 Chrystal Szeto and Luis Jimenez (2005), new media offer consumers a wide array of
choices to access, disseminate and display all forms of information. Historically, new
media complemented rather than eliminated the older media. Is this pattern changing
with the more recent introduction of digital media/ what does market research tell us
about the preferences of today’s consumers for electronic vs. paper media.

 Rebekah (2006) Wade has remarked that the newspaper success would probably depend
more on free CD’s and DVD’s than on it journalists. Newspapers particularly hope that
CD’s and DVD’s will appeal to the young who are increasingly getting their news online.

35
 Kathleen and Collins, The consumption of paid newspapers in the United States and
most other mature print news markets has been in slow but general decline throughout the
last four decades. Much of this decline has been precipitated by a variety of (usually)
free electronic news and information sources most notably radio, television and now the
internet. A recent addition to these sources is free newspapers, some introduced as
competitors to paid newspapers, others designed to encourage newspaper reading among
current non-readers. The impact of free newspapers on the market for paid print dailies
in four major United States markets is analyzed in terms of whether these two sorts of
products are competitors or complements.

36
 2.2. THE CURRENT SCENARIO AND FUTURE OF NEWS PAPERS

With the emergence of the television and the new media (internet), it can be
argued that newspapers are becoming irrelevant in terms of providing the latest news. However,
many newspapers in India and the world to some extent have started providing analysis of the
news as well. The coverage of the 2009 General Elections is the proof of that. Most newspapers
had their own supplements dedicated to the elections and they scrutinized every detail of the
elections in a way the television channels cannot provide. As of 2000, there are at least 41,705
newspapers in India and growing every day. The media whilst flawed is one of the most precious
commodities in any democracy and as India celebrates another year of its emancipation, the
media has a lot to celebrate as well – everyday for millions all over the country it makes this
independence count substantial instead of some word uttered as a cliché at some cocktail party.

37
2.3. A GUIDEENCE FOR NEWSPAPER PUBLISHERS

THE REGISTERAR OF NEWSPAPERS

The register of India newspaper among these officials and professional agencies, regular and
records the status of newspaper. Electronic news, web site, magazines and house publication, a
number of professional organizations (like editor guild of India, Indian language newspaper
association and all India newspaper’s editor conference) enrich the self-renewal process of the
news enterprise. Educational and training programmed are gaining importance as
professionalization.

THE OFFICE OF THE REGISTER

The of the register of newspaper for India popularly known as RNI came into being on July
1,1956 on the recommendation of the first press commission in 1953 and by amending the press
and registration of books act (PRB act) function of RNI involve both statutory and non statutory
function.

Statutory function the RNI compiles and maintains a register of newspaper contains particulars
about all the newspaper published in the country it issues certificate of registration to the
newspaper published under valid declaration. It scrutinizes and analyzes annual statement sent
by the publishers of newspaper every year under section 19D the press and registration of Books
act containing information on circulation ownership etc.

The RNI informs the district magistrates about availability of titles to intending publishers for
filling declaration and ensures that newspaper are published in accordance with the provision of
the press and registration of Books acts. It verifies under section 19F of the PRF Act of
circulation claims furnished by the publishers in their annual statement and preparation and
submission to the government on or before September 30 each year, a report containing all
available information and statistics about the press in India with particular reference to the
emerging trends in circulation and in the direction of common ownership units.

Non statutory function of the RNI include the formulation of a newsprint allocation policy –
guidelines and the ability to issue Eligibility certificate to the newspaper to enable them to
import newsprint and to procure indigenous newsprint. The RNI assesses and certificate the
essential needs and requirement of newspaper establishment to import printing and composing
machinery and allied materials.

38
From April 1998 to February 1999. RNI scrutinized 18459 applications for availability of titles
of which 7738 titles were found available for verification. While in the remaining application
title were not found available. During the same period 2693 newspapers periodicals were issued
certificate of registration (2145, fresh CRs and 548 revised CRs) and circulation claims of 1536
newspapers/ periodicals were assessed. Register of newspaper for India (RNI) in starting a
newspaper (daily or periodical) is required to contact the district magistrate or sub – divisional
file a declaration before him in the prescribed from. In declaration the publisher is to mention the
title, language, periodicity and such other particulars of proposed newspaper as are asked for. He
is also required to give a list of alternative titles in order of preference.

The magistrate before authenticity the declaration has to make an enquiry from the registrar of
newspaper for India whether the title (s) proposed are not same similar to that of any other
publication published in same language through the country or in any other language in the same
state. These titles proposed are checked against catalogue of existing title (s) maintained in
registrar office. The magistrate in turn after getting information communicates to publishers
about titles. After obtaining clearance from RNI district magistrate authenticates declaration and
sends an authenticated coffee to office of registrar of newspaper of India. Declaration becomes
void in case the newspaper does not commence publication within 6- weeks of the authentication
and again a fresh declaration has to be field .Each issue newspaper is to have an imprint line
containing the name of the publishers, printer. Editor and the place of printing and publication of
the paper. The name of editor is necessary to be given separately.

Supply of copies: - Every publisher has to send a copy of each issue of his paper within 48 hours
of its publication to the registrar of newspaper for India or other authorized officers at the places
mentioned below depending on language in which the paper published.

REGISTERATION:

As soon as paper has stated publication of publishers is required to send a copy of first issue of
publication to registrar of newspaper of India at press villa simila-1 on receiving first issue of
paper and the copy of authenticates declaration from concerned district magistrate, the office of
registrar of newspaper for India takes the paper on its record and allots a registration number to
it. A certificate of registration is.

39
ANNUAL REPORT:

Registrar of newspaper for India has to submit government each year a report on the state of
press in country on the basis of the annual statement received from him and information obtained
otherwise. It is in turn of newspaper publishers that information as complete as possible is made
available to enable the Registrar to make this report up-to – date and useful.

CERCULATION 0F CHECK:

The press registrar of any gazette officers authorized by him shall have access to any premises
and to any information relating to the newspaper.

For benefit of publishers circulation work has been decentralized. The following gives the
circulation officers in charge having their headquarter at.

North Zone New Delhi

South Zone Chennai

Western Zone Mumbai

Eastern Zone Calcutta

There are 18 principals language in which the newspapers are printed which are mentioned in
18th constitution. Bombay Sam char, Gujarat daily published from Mumbai is oldest existing
newspaper. Anand bazaar patrika: Bengali daily from Calcutta is largest single edition
newspaper of India is in second edition Gujarati Newspaper is in third place.

40
NEWS PRINT-

Until 1994---1995 newsprint allocation was regulated by the newsprint control order (1962) and
the newsprint import policy announced by the Government every year newspaper were issued
Entitlement certification of importation and purchase from the scheduled indigenous.

Newsprint mills however newsprint policy is modified every year depending upon the import
policy of the government. Newsprint has been placed under ‘open general license’ with effect
from May, 1st , 1995 and all types of newsprint became importable by all people without any
restriction. Under the latest newsprint policy guidelines for the import of newsprint issued by the
ministry of information and broadcasting authentication of certificate of registration is done by
the registrar f newspaper for India for import of newsprint, on submission of a formal application
and necessary documentary evidence.

ELECCTRONIC NEWS MEDIA.

Most Indian newspapers magazines and media outlets are easily accessible through the internet.
Internet public Library (IPL) is a concise Internet sources for information on Indian newspaper.
The web site lists about 120 online newspapers for India with access to each of those papers for
reading.

The official website for the library of congress in New Delhi is also accessible on the on the
internet where E-Mail contact information is provided. This directory is published biennially.
The directory includes newspaper published in India, the name and language of the newspaper
circulation frequency of circulation and names and address for the publishers of each paper paper
status is also included.

EDUCATION AND TRAINING:

The first diploma of journalism was offered at Aligned Muslim University in 1938 by the late Sir
Shah Mohammad Suleiman, a judge in India (Wolseley 224). Latter on after partition,
universities in Punjab, Madras, Delhi, Calcutta, Mysore, Nagpur, and Osmania offered courses at
undergraduate levels. Professional education in India is largely a need – based enterprise.
Journalist and other mass communicators can perform without specialized training and skill and
can succeed without advanced degrees.

41
CHAPTER-3

RESEARCH
METHODOLOGY

42
Research Methodology :-

Research methods are used to provide a systematic approach to research and helps in ordering
the data collected in order to be to analyze it and conclude whether it answered a particular
question or not. There are basically, two types of researches, Primary research and secondary
research. We have used both the researches in our study. Our primary research supports the
knowledge and curiosity behind our secondary research.

A) Secondary Research: Secondary research was needed in the study, so as to understand all
the previous researches, studies, and derivation in the above field of media comparisons
for advertising. In our secondary research, we studied various research papers of multiple
authors and publications to get the larger picture of the situation. Our secondary research
is cited in various places in the research paper. The basic purpose of the secondary
research is to back up the actions behind the primary research with the knowledge.

B) Primary Research: Primary research was carried out using various research tools. Primary
research carried various interviews, and questionnaires. It was basically taken from two
perspectives, One was the company perspective and the other was the consumer
perspective.

43
3.1. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

1. To know the satisfaction level of readers towards Gujarati news paper

2. To know which type of news and supplementary are prepared more by the reader in
Gujarati news paper
3. To provide information to company about why reader prefer news paper as advertising
media
4. To know why people prefer Gujarati news paper whether for
 Its local news coverage
 Price
 Advertisement
5. To study consumer behavior of daily newspaper reader

6. To find out expectation of readers in current scenario & also find out the factor
influencing brand loyalty.

7. To study the consumer preference towards The Gujarati Newspaper.

8. To know the consumer preference towards supplement issued by the Gujarati Newspaper.

9. To study the preference of the reader with the present distribution system of newspaper
with special reference to agent newspaper vendors.

10. To offer suitable suggestions for enrich the consumer preference of Gujarati news paper.

3.2.SCOPE OF THE STUDY

The study is conducted to know the consumer preference of The Gujarati newspaper. This may
help the company to decide upon their new ventured.
The research focuses on the several features of the Gujarati Newspaper and in awareness,
suggestion in the market, which may help the company in further development of the newspaper.
The research provides a complete feedback on Gujarti Newspaper which may sincere a backup
for their future plans with respect to design area.

44
3.3. Method of Research

There are generally two types of research methods, quantitative and qualitative. These methods
can be used together or separately, one should choose the method most appropriate to the
purpose of the thesis (Cantzler, 1992). The two approaches mainly differ in how to collect and
analyze data. Quantitative method is focusing on statistical instruments and how to prove
relations between different variables Furthermore, it is characterized by a large sample which is
examined via forms, statistical methods and analysis of the data. An advantage of quantitative
research is the high degree of objectivity and due to the large scope of observations it is possible
to make generalizations. Qualitative method on the other hand, means research that generates
descriptive data (Taylor & Bogdan, 1984). It is said that the qualitative method reflects upon
something and that the data collection in this method is focusing on so called “soft” data. The
purpose of the thesis is to get industry opinions and analyze them, Thus Quantitative method was
used.

Following Research methods were used

 Questionnaires: The questionnaire was very important aspect of research work. The
questionnaire was constructed for the industry and company people, to get their opinions,
which could further be analyzed and could help further in findings

The type of questions used in the questionnaire were

- Demographic Question

- Multiple choice question with single choice

- Multiple choice question with multiple choice

- Single text box open ended questionnaire

45
  Interviews: Interviews are chosen to gather information, a good way for us to get
informed about the current situation. The interview help collecting data leading to solve
the purpose of the research In order to obtain a thorough understanding of the
organizations perspective of advertising in different medium, the authors decided to
interview one of the co-founders of the company. It is not simple to define a qualitative
research, as stated by Lekvall and Wahlbin (2001). A qualitative approach should be
focusing on relatively small samples and the interviews should be low structured and be
analyzed with verbal reasoning.

Research Method: Consumer Perspective

The research with consumers was extremely important for this study. The relevance of audience
criteria to media comparisons hinges on the assumption that media effectiveness is a function of
the extent to which audiences possess characteristics predictive of the future purchase of
advertised items. Which further has various aspects to it like likeliness towards a particular
medium of entertainment, what builds more trust inside a consumer, or what is most action
focused etc. Thus a research was carried out to study the behavioral aspects of consumers in
context of their responses to various medium of advertising.

Method of Research

The method used for the research was Questionnaires. For the purpose of said research, three
different questionnaires were designed having different objectives each.

The questions used in the questionnaire were

 Demographic Questions
 Multiple choice questions with one answer
 Multiple choice question with multiple answers
 Rating scales
 Open ended, single textbox questions

46
Sample Frame:

The Sample frame for each questionnaire was 300. While getting the questionnaire filled, keen
interest was laid on maintaining the variability in the demographics of the population, so as to
get diverse opinion on the topic.

Research Methodology:

The research methodology for all the three questionnaires is stated as below:

Questionnaire sec. 1:

All of the questions in this section focus on reading of the newspaper. Regardless of how much
you read the newspaper, please tell us about your experience with it .

Questionnaire sec. 2:

This section asks about your reactions to An Newspaper.

Questionnaire sec. 3:

This section asks some background questions so we can compare the answers of different kinds
of people.

47
 3.4. Research Methodology Framework :

Research : Descriptive research

Data sources : 1. Secondary data

2. Primary data

Research Approach : Survey method

Research Instrument : Questionnaire

Type of Questionnaire : Structure

Type of Questions : Close-ended questions

Sampling Plan :

1. Sampling Unit : Customer of Rajkot ,Ahmedabad ,Gandhinagar

baroda,Surat city Baroda, Surat city.

2. Sample Size : 30 respondents

3. Sampling procedure : Simple random sampling

Contact Method : Personal

Mode of collecting data: The respondents will be chosen randomly &

Requested Grant interviews.

The questions will then be asked in a predetermined Sequence. The secondary data will be
collected from various books, Journals, reports, company’s data base, internet etc.

Data Processing : 1. A number of tables to be prepared to bring out the

Main Characteristics of the collected data

2. Inferences to be drawn from the data collected.

48
DATA ANALYSIS

For majority of analysis, percentage technique was used. Inferences were made both by detailed
reading and through technical analysis by established statistical tools. The hypothesis testing was
done by Chi-square test. The highlight of each data set was resented in graphical form.

LIMITATIONS

No work is ever completed without any limitation, there is bound to be some limitations that
restrain the task of researcher. This work is also, not a different case, few of the stark limitation
as faced by researcher are as follows:

1. The study is limited to the news paper readers of Gujarat only

2. Time is the major constraint of the study.

3. Since sample is only 300 which is not a true representative 0f the population as a whole.

4. Level accuracy of the result of research is restricted to the accuracy level with which the
customer have given the answer and the accuracy level cannot be a prediction.

5. The survey is not done throughout the census.

49
CHAPTER 4.

DATA ANALYSIS
AND
INTERPRETATION

50
5.1 DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
PART 1 :- DEMOGRAPHICS CHART

 1. SEX

Male 189
Female 111
Total 300

[TABLE 5.1.2: MARITAL STATUS]

MARITAL STATUS

111

Male
Female

189

[FIGURE 5.1.1: SEX]

Among the sample of 300 people, 189 were male and 111 were female.

51
  2. AGE GROUP
18-25 107
26-35 110
36-45 52
ABOVE 46 31
TOTAL 300

[TABLE 5.1.2: AGE GROUP]

AGE
120
110
107

100

80

60 52 AGE

40

19
20

0
18-25 26-35 36-45 UP TO 46

[FIGURE 5.1.2: AGE GROUP]

Out of 300 male, 107 were teenage boys of age 18 to 25 years. 110 were of age 26 to 35 years,
52 were of age 36 to 45 years, and 19 were of age Up to 46.

52
 3. OCCUPATION

Business Executive 40
Self – Employed 152
Nurse 2
Teacher 13
Medical officer 4
Politician 3
Lecture 12
Other 74
Total 300

[TABLE 5.1.3: OCCUPATION]

OCCUPATION

Business Executive
40
74 Self -Employed
Nurse
Teacher
12 Medical Officer
34
Politicial
13
2 Lecture
152
Other

[FIGURE 5.1.3: OCCUPATION]

Out of 300 people, 40 were Self – Employed, 152 were self employed, 2 were nurse ,13
were teacher,4 were medical officer,3 were politician,12 were lecture and 74 were other
occupation .

53
 4. EDUCATION

Primary 17
Secondary 28
Post – Secondary 42
College 58
University 52
Post Graduated 72
Other 31
Total 300

[TABLE 5.1.4: EDUCATION]

EDUCATION
80
70
60
50
40
72
30 58
52 EDUCATION
20 42
28 31
10 17
0

[FIGURE 5.1.4: EDUCATION]

Out of 3o people, 17 were primary Education, 28 were Secondary Education, 42 were

post Secoundry,58 were college student,52 student done university education,72 have
done post graduated course and 31 were other course.

54
Section 1.All of the questions in this section focus on your reading of the newspaper. Regardless of how much you read the
newspaper, please tell us about your experience with it .

Q1: 1. How do you usually get a copy of newspaper?

Buy 123
Supplied at work 56
Public Library 28
School / College 44
Vendor – Retailer 31
Friend 8
Other 10
Total 300

[TABLE 5.1.5: How do you usually get a copy of newspaper?]

Q1: How do you usually get a copy of

newspaper?
Other 10

Friend 8

Vendor – Retailer 31

School / College 44

Public Library 28

Supplied at work 56

Buy 123

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140

[FIGURE 5.1.5: How do you usually get a copy of newspaper?]

Out of 300 people, 123 men said that they buy a newspaper.56 said that they supplied at work.28
said that they read a newspaper form a library, 44 said that they read in school or college, 31 said
they buy from retail copy daiy,8 said that they read from friend and 10 said that they read
newspaper from outside.

55
Q2: Which newspapers do you read?
Sandesh 42
Divyabhsakar 144
Gujart Samachar 78
Other 36
Total 300

[TABLE 5.1.6: Which newspapers do you read]

Q3: Which newspapers do you read?

36 42

78 Sandesh
Divyabhsakar

144 Gujarat Samachar

Other

[FIGURE 5.1.6: Which newspapers do you read]

In response to this question, 42 people read sandesh newsppaer, 144 people read divyabhaskar,78
people read gujarat samachar and 36 person read other newspaper.

56
Q - 3: How often do you read newspapers?

Daily 231
At least Three Times a week 33
Weekend Only 14
Only Once a week 22
Total 300

[TABLE 5.1.7]: . How often do you read newspapers ]

Q4:. How often do you read newspapers?

250

200

150
231
100

50
33 22
14
0
Daily At least three times weekend only only once a week
in week

[FIGURE 5.1.7: How often do you read newspapers?]

Out of people 300, 231 people read daily newsppaer,33 person read at least three times in
week,14 person read only weekends and 22 person read in only once week.

57
Q- 4: How much time do you spend time for reading or looking the newspaper?

1-15 minute 42
16-30 minute 187
31-45 minute 53
46 or more 18
Total 300

[TABLE 5.1.8: How much time do you spend time for reading or looking the newspaper]

Q5: How much time do you spend time for

reading or looking the newspaper
70 66

60

50

40 35
33
30

20
12
10

0
1-15 Minute 16-30 Minute 31-45 Minute 46 or more

[FIGURE 5.1.8: How much time do you spend time for reading or looking the newspaper]

In that case a 33 people say that I read newspaper between 1-15 minute. 66 people say that I read 16-30
Miniute,35 people say that I read 31-45 minute and 12 people said that I read newsppaer to 46 miniute or
more then it.

58
Q- 5: . How important are newspapers According to you?
Very Important 160
Important 74
Somewhat important 61
Not important 5
Total 300

[TABLE 5.1.9: How important are newspapers According to you]

180 160

160

140

120

100 74

80 61
Series 2
60

40
5
20

0
Very Impotantat Impotant Some what Not impotant
imporatant

[FIGURE 5.1.9: How important are newspapers According to you]

In response to the question that 160 people said that newspaper is very impotant, 74 people say
that it is impotant,61 people say that somewhat important in newspaper and 5 people said that
newspaper is not important.

59
Q – 6 : Which ONE of s the most important item you look for in newspapers ?
Political 67
Forgin News 19
Cartoons 7
Business News 32
Advertise 4
Sports 64
Entertainment 49
Science Article 11
Current Affairs 27
Rural News 14
Others 6
Total 300

[TABLE 5.1.10: Which ONE of s the most important item you look for in newspapers ]

Q8:Which ONE of s the most important item

you look for in newspapers?
67 64
70
60 49
50
40 32
27
30 19
20 11 14
7 4 6
10
0

[FIGURE 5.1.10: Which ONE of s the most important item you look for in newspapers ]

In response to the given question, 300 people voted , in that case 67 people political news look in
newspaper,19 people forgin news,7 people cartoon,32 people look business news,4 people look
in newspaper a advertise,64 people look sports news,49 people look entertainment news,11
people look science article,27 people look current affairs,14 people look a rural news on
newspaper and 6 people look other news.

60
Q - 7: . Which of these factors motivate you to read newspapers?
Headline 81
Design 16
Layout 5
Picture 148
Well Written Stories 47
Other 3
Total 300

[TABLE 5.1.11: . Which of these factors motivate you to read newspapers? ]

Q9 (A):Which of these factors motivate you

to read newspapers
160 148
140
120
100
81
80
60 47
40
16
20 5 3
0
Headline Design Layout Picture Well Written Other
Stories

[FIGURE 5.1.11: . Which of these factors motivate you to read newspapers ]

In response to the given question,81 people said that Headline motivate to read newspaper,16
people said design,5 people said that layout,148 people said that picture is most important to read
newspaer,47 people said that well written stories attract to read newspaper and 3 people said that
other factor considered to read newspaper.

61
Section 2. This section asks about your reactions to A Newspaper that will appear in the Given Box.
33333333 A). Purpose of Reading Newspaper?
1) To get information

Strongly Agree 132

Agree 38
Neither Agree nor 48
disagree
Disagree 56
Strongly disagree 26
Total 300

[TABLE 5.2.1]

140
120
100
132
80
60
38
40
48 56
20 26
0
Srongly Agree Niether Disagree Storngly
Agree Agree nor Disagree
Disagree

[FIGURE 5.2.1]

INTERPEATATION

Among the survey 132 person strongly agree, 38 people agree, 48 people neither agree nor
disagree, 56 people disagree and 26 people strongly disagree to just read newspaper for getting
information.

62
2) To broaden the horizon of general knowledge

Strongly Agree 98
Agree 48
Neither Agree nor 112
disagree
Disagree 23
Strongly disagree 19
Total 300

[TABLE 5.2.2]

120

100

80

60
112
98
40

48
20
23 19
0
Srongly Agree Agree Niether Agree nor Disagree Storngly Disagree
Disagree

[FIGURE 5.2.2]

INTERPEATATION

Among the survey 98 person strongly agree, 48 people agree, 112 people neither agree nor
disagree, 23 people disagree and 19 person strongly disagree to read newspaper for to Borden the
horizon of general knowledge.

63
3) For searching new jobs

Strongly Agree 48
Agree 38
Neither Agree nor 52
disagree
Disagree 108
Strongly disagree 54
Total 300

[TABLE 5.2.3]

120

100

80

60 108

40
48 52 54
20 38

0
Srongly Agree Agree Niether Agree Disagree Storngly
nor Disagree Disagree

[FIGURE 5.2.3]

INTERPEATATION

Among the survey 48 person strongly agree, 38 people agree, 52 people neither agree nor
disagree, 108 people disagree and 54 people strongly disagree to read newspaper for searching a
job.

64
4) For educational purpose

Strongly Agree 27
Agree 42
Neither Agree nor 58
disagree
Disagree 98
Strongly disagree 75
Total 300

[TABLE 5.2.4]

100
90
80
70
60
50 98
40 75
30 58
42
20 27
10
0
Srongly Agree Agree Niether Agree Disagree Storngly
nor Disagree Disagree

[FIGURE 5.2.4]

INTERPEATATION

Among the survey 27 person strongly agree, 42 people agree, 58 people neither agree nor
disagree, 98 people disagree and 75 people strongly disagree to read newspaper for educational
purpose.

65
5) For entertainment

Strongly Agree 98
Agree 27
Neither Agree nor 42
disagree
Disagree 48
Strongly disagree 85
Total 300

[TABLE 5.2.5]

98
100 85
90
80
70
60 48
42
50
40 27
30
20
10
0
Srongly Agree Agree Niether Agree Disagree Storngly
nor Disagree Disagree

[FIGURE 5.2.5]

INTERPEATATION

Among the survey 98 person strongly agree, 27 people agree, 42 people neither agree nor
disagree, 48 people disagree and 85 people strongly disagree to read newspaper for
entertainment.

66
6) To know the sports news

Strongly Agree 12
Agree 28
Neither Agree nor 42
disagree
Disagree 98
Strongly disagree 120
Total 300

[TABLE 5.2.6]

120
120
98
100

80

60 42
40 28
12
20

0
Srongly Agree Agree Niether Agree Disagree Storngly
nor Disagree Disagree

[FIGURE 5.2.6]

INTERPEATATION

Among the survey 12 person strongly agree, 28 people agree, 42 people neither agree nor
disagree, 48 people disagree and 120 people strongly disagree to read newspaper for to know the
sports news.

67
7) As usual task of the day

Strongly Agree 17
Agree 21
Neither Agree nor 22
disagree
Disagree 72
Strongly disagree 168
Total 300

[TABLE 5.2.7]

180
160
140
120
100
168
80
60
40 72
20 17 21 22
0
Srongly Agree Agree Niether Agree Disagree Storngly
nor Disagree Disagree

[FIGURE 5.2.7]

INTERPEATATION

Among the survey 17 person strongly agree, 21 people agree, 22 people neither agree nor
disagree, 72 people disagree and 168 people strongly disagree to read newspaper for to as usual
task of the day.

68
8) To pass the time

Strongly Agree 13
Agree 9
Neither Agree nor 32
disagree
Disagree 158
Strongly disagree 88
Total 300

[TABLE 5.2.8]

158
160
140
120
88
100
80
60
32
40
13 9
20
0
Srongly Agree Agree Niether Agree Disagree Storngly
nor Disagree Disagree

[FIGURE 5.2.8]

INTERPEATATION

Among the survey 13 person strongly agree, 9 person agree, 32 person neither agree nor
disagree, 158 person disagree and 88 person strongly disagree to read newspaper for pass the
time.

69
9) It improves status in the society

Strongly Agree 8
Agree 6
Neither Agree nor 56
disagree
Disagree 162
Strongly disagree 68
Total 300

[TABLE 5.2.9]

180 162
160
140
120
100
80 68
56
60
40
20 8 6
0
Srongly Agree Agree Niether Agree nor Disagree Storngly Disagree
Disagree

[FIGURE 5.2.9]

INTERPEATATION

Among the survey 8 person strongly agree, 6 person agree, 56 person neither agree nor disagree,
162 person disagree and 68 person strongly disagree to read newspaper for improve status in the
society.

70
10) To keep abreast with the present happenings of all over the world

Strongly Agree 104

Agree 98
Neither Agree nor 22
disagree
Disagree 42
Strongly disagree 30
Total 300

[TABLE 5.2.10]

120
104
98
100

80

60
42
40 30
22
20

0
Srongly Agree Agree Niether Agree nor Disagree Storngly Disagree
Disagree

[FIGURE 5.2.10]

INTERPEATATION

Among the survey 104 person strongly agree, 98 people agree, 22 people neither agree nor
disagree, 42 people disagree and 30 people strongly disagree to read newspaper for To keep
abreast with the present happenings of all over the world.

71
11) For getting various scholarship news

Strongly Agree 23
Agree 43
Neither Agree nor 87
disagree
Disagree 123
Strongly disagree 24
Total 300

[TABLE 5.2.11]

150
123
100 87

50 23 43

0 24
Srongly Agree
Agree 14
Niether Agree
Disagree
nor Disagree Storngly
Disagree

[FIGURE 5.2.11]

INTERPEATATION

Among the survey 23 person strongly agree, 43 person agree, 87 person neither agree nor
disagree, 123 person disagree and 24 person strongly disagree to read newspaper for getting
various scholarship news.

72
B). According to you Newspaper is..??

1) A newspaper is a part of a community’s character.

Strongly Agree 75
Agree 98
Neither Agree nor 58
disagree
Disagree 42
Strongly disagree 27
Total 300

[TABLE 5.3.1]

100

80
98
60
75
40
58
42
20 27

0
Srongly Agree Niether Disagree Storngly
Agree Agree nor Disagree
Disagree

[FIGURE 5.3.1]

INTERPEATATION

Among the survey 75 person strongly agree, 98 person agree, 58 person neither agree nor
disagree, 42 person disagree and 27 person strongly disagree to A newspaper is a part of a
community’s character.

73
2) A newspaper should observe and report what happens in the community without ever
getting actively involved.

Strongly Agree 54
Agree 108
Neither Agree nor 52
disagree
Disagree 38
Strongly disagree 48
Total 300

[TABLE 5.3.2]

108
150
54
100
52 48
38
50
18
0
Srongly Agree Agree Niether Agree Disagree Storngly
nor Disagree Disagree

[FIGURE 5.3.2]

INTERPEATATION

Among the survey 54 person strongly agree, 108 person agree, 52 person neither agree nor
disagree, 38 person disagree and 48 person strongly disagree to A newspaper should observe and
report what happens in the community without ever getting actively involved.

74
3) Local television newscasts and cable news network shave made newspapers less
important.

Strongly Agree 98
Agree 48
Neither Agree nor 112
disagree
Disagree 23
Strongly disagree 19
Total 300

[TABLE 5.3.3]

150 98
112
48
100

50 23 19
18
0
Srongly Agree Agree Niether Agree Disagree Storngly
nor Disagree Disagree

[FIGURE 5.3.3]

INTERPEATATION

Among the survey 98 person strongly agree, 48 people agree, 112 people neither agree nor
disagree, 23 people disagree and 19 people strongly disagree to Local television newscasts and
cable news network shave made newspapers less important.

75
4) The newspaper is the best overall source of news.

Strongly Agree 26
Agree 56
Neither Agree nor 48
disagree
Disagree 38
Strongly disagree 132
Total 300

[TABLE 5.3.4.]

140
120
100
80
132
60 56
40 26
48 38
20
0
Srongly Agree Niether Disagree Storngly
Agree Agree nor Disagree
Disagree

[FIGURE 5.3.4]

INTERPEATATION

Among the survey 26 person strongly agree, 56 person agree, 48 person neither agree nor
disagree, 38 person disagree and 132 person strongly disagree The newspaper is the best overall
source of news.
76
5) Other media, such as the local television news, do a bette r job of covering events and
issues in the community.

Strongly Agree 85
Agree 48
Neither Agree nor 42
disagree
Disagree 27
Strongly disagree 98
Total 300

[TABLE 5.3.5]

100

80

60 85
98
48
40
42
20 27

0
Srongly Agree Niether Disagree Storngly
Agree Agree nor Disagree
Disagree

[FIGURE 5.3.5]

INTERPEATATION

Among the survey 85 person strongly agree, 46 people agree, 42 people neither agree nor
disagree, 27 people disagree and 98 people strongly disagree other media, such as the local
television news, do a better job of covering events and issues in the community.

77
6) A newspaper should play an active role in improving the community sponsoring
community forums on important issues.

Strongly Agree 42
Agree 98
Neither Agree nor 120
disagree
Disagree 28
Strongly disagree 12
Total 300

[TABLE 5.3.6]

120

100

80
98
60 120

40 42

20 28
12
0
Srongly Agree Niether Disagree Storngly
Agree Agree nor Disagree
Disagree

[FIGURE 5.3.6]

INTERPEATATION

Among the survey 42 person strongly agree, 98 person agree, 120 person neither agree nor
disagree, 28 person disagree and 12 person strongly disagree A newspaper should play an active
role in improving the community sponsoring community forums on important issues.

78
7) Investigative reporting is the most important job of a newspaper.

Strongly Agree 56
Agree 26
Neither Agree nor 38
disagree
Disagree 48
Strongly disagree 132
Total 300

[TABLE 5.3.7]

140
120
100
80
132
60
56
40 26
38 48
20
0
Srongly Agree Niether Disagree Storngly
Agree Agree nor Disagree
Disagree

[FIGURE 5.3.7]

INTERPEATATION

Among the survey 56 person strongly agree, 26 person agree, 38 person neither agree nor
disagree, 48 person disagree and 132 person strongly disagree Investigative reporting is the most
important job of a newspaper.
79
8) I enjoy reading in-depth coverage of local issues.

Strongly Agree 38
Agree 48
Neither Agree nor 56
disagree
Disagree 26
Strongly disagree 132
Total 300

[TABLE 5.3.8]

140
120
100
80
132
60
48
40 38
56
20 26
0
Srongly Agree Niether Disagree Storngly
Agree Agree nor Disagree
Disagree

[FIGURE 5.3.8]

INTERPEATATION

Among the survey 38 person strongly agree, 48 person agree, 56 person neither agree nor
disagree, 26 person disagree and 132 person strongly disagree I enjoy reading in-depth coverage
of local issues.
80
9) It is not the job of the newspaper to try to solve the problems of the community, only to
report them.

Strongly Agree 27
Agree 42
Neither Agree nor 58
disagree
Disagree 98
Strongly disagree 75
Total 300

[TABLE 5.3.9]

100

80

60
98
40 42 75
27 58
20

0
Srongly Agree Niether Disagree Storngly
Agree Agree nor Disagree
Disagree

[FIGURE 5.3.9]

INTERPEATATION

Among the survey 27 person strongly agree, 42 person agree, 58 person neither agree nor
disagree, 98 person disagree and 75 person strongly disagree It is not the job of the newspaper to
try to solve the problems of the community, only to report them.

81
10) I trust the newspaper to weigh the issues and decide what is important for me to know.

Strongly Agree 41
Agree 52
Neither Agree nor 38
disagree
Disagree 54
Strongly disagree 115
Total 300

[TABLE 5.3.10]

120

100

80

60 115
52
40 41
54
20 38

0
Srongly Agree Niether Disagree Storngly
Agree Agree nor Disagree
Disagree

[FIGURE 5.3.10]

INTERPEATATION

Among the survey 41 person strongly agree, 52 person agree, 38 person neither agree nor
disagree, 54 person disagree and 115 person strongly disagree I trust the newspaper to weigh the
issues and decide what is important for me to know.

82
11) I prefer to get news in summary form containing only the most important information
with few details.

Strongly Agree 52
Agree 108
Neither Agree nor 54
disagree
Disagree 38
Strongly disagree 48
Total 300

[TABLE 5.3.11]

120

100

80 108
60
52
40
54 48
20 38

0
Srongly Agree Niether Disagree Storngly
Agree Agree nor Disagree
Disagree

[FIGURE 5.3.11]

INTERPEATATION

Among the survey 52 person strongly agree, 108 person agree, 54 person neither agree nor
disagree, 38 person disagree and 48 person strongly disagree I prefer to get news in summary
form containing only the most important information with few details.

83
12) In general, newspaper reporters are fair people who keep their personal feelings out of
the stories they write.

Strongly Agree 38
Agree 28
Neither Agree nor 37
disagree
Disagree 46
Strongly disagree 151
Total 300

[TABLE 5.3.12]

200

150

100
151

50 38 28
37 46
0
Srongly Agree Niether Disagree Storngly
Agree Agree nor Disagree
Disagree

[FIGURE 5.3.12]

INTERPEATATION

Among the survey 38 people strongly agree, 28 people agree, 37 people neither agree nor
disagree, 46 people disagree and 151 people strongly disagree In general, newspaper reporters
are fair people who keep their personal feelings out of the stories they write.

84
13) Newspapers reporters should be suspicious of legislators and other government
officials.

Strongly Agree 120

Agree 98
Neither Agree nor 42
disagree
Disagree 28
Strongly disagree 12
Total 300

[TABLE 5.3.13]

120

100

80 120
98
60

40
42
20 28
12
0
Srongly Agree Niether Disagree Storngly
Agree Agree nor Disagree
Disagree

[FIGURE 5.3.13]

INTERPEATATION

Among the survey 120 person strongly agree, 98 person agree, 42 person neither agree nor
disagree, 28 person disagree and 12 person strongly disagree Newspapers reporters should be
suspicious of legislators and other government officials.

85
14) It is important for a local newspaper to cover local news (examples: nearby events, local
government and schools).

Strongly Agree 30
Agree 38
Neither Agree nor 27
disagree
Disagree 57
Strongly disagree 148
Total 300

[TABLE 5.3.14]

148
150
38
100 30 57
27
50
18
0
Srongly Agree Niether Disagree Storngly
Agree Agree nor Disagree
Disagree

[FIGURE 5.3.14]

INTERPEATATION

Among the survey 30 person strongly agree, 38 person agree, 27 person neither agree nor
disagree, 57 person disagree and 148 person strongly disagree It is important for a local
newspaper to cover local news (examples: nearby events, local government and schools).

86
15) It is important for a local newspaper to cover National news.

Strongly Agree 132

Agree 28
Neither Agree nor 48
disagree
Disagree 32
Strongly disagree 60
Total 300

[TABLE 5.3.15]

132

140
120
100
80 60
28 48
60
32
40
20
0
Srongly Agree Niether Disagree Storngly
Agree Agree nor Disagree
Disagree

[FIGURE 5.3.15]

INTERPEATATION

Among the survey 132 person strongly agree, 28 person agree, 48 person neither agree nor
disagree, 32 person disagree and 60 person strongly disagree It is important for a local
newspaper to cover national news.

87
C . The following statement is the advantages of reading Newspaper.

1) Regular part of my day

Strongly Agree 168

Agree 72
Neither Agree nor 22
disagree
Disagree 21
Strongly disagree 17
Total 300

[TABLE 5.4.1]

21
22
17

168
72

[FIGURE 5.4.1]

INTERPEATATION

Among the survey 168 person strongly agree, 72 person agree, 22 person neither agree nor
disagree, 21 person disagree and 17 person strongly disagree to newspaper is Regular part of my
day.

88
2) Looks out for my interests

Strongly Agree 132

Agree 38
Neither Agree nor 48
disagree
Disagree 56
Strongly disagree 26
Total 300

[TABLE 5.4.2]

132

140
120
100
80 38
56
60 48

40 26

20
0
Srongly Agree Niether Disagree Storngly
Agree Agree nor Disagree
Disagree

[FIGURE 5.4.2]

INTERPEATATION

Among the survey 132 person strongly agree, 38 person agree, 48 person neither agree nor
disagree, 56 person disagree and 26 person strongly disagree to newspaper is Looks out for my
interests

89
3) Something to talk about

Strongly Agree 98
Agree 48
Neither Agree nor 112
disagree
Disagree 23
Strongly disagree 19
Total 300

[TABLE 5.4.3]

98 112
120

100

80 48

60

40 23 19
20

0
Srongly Agree Niether Disagree Storngly
Agree Agree nor Disagree
Disagree

[FIGURE 5.4.3]

INTERPEATATION

Among the survey 98 person strongly agree, 48 person agree, 112 person neither agree nor
disagree, 23 person disagree and 19 person strongly disagree to newspaper is Something to talk
about

90
4) Makes me smarter

Strongly Agree 13
Agree 9
Neither Agree nor 32
disagree
Disagree 158
Strongly disagree 88
Total 300

[TABLE 5.4.4 ]

158
160
140
120
88
100
80
60 9
13 32
40
20
0
Srongly Agree Niether Disagree Storngly
Agree Agree nor Disagree
Disagree

[FIGURE 5.4.4]

INTERPEATATION

Among the survey 13 person strongly agree, 9 person agree, 32 person neither agree nor
disagree, 158 person disagree and 88 person strongly disagree to newspaper is Makes me
smarter
91
5) People I know

Strongly Agree 8
Agree 6
Neither Agree nor 56
disagree
Disagree 162
Strongly disagree 68
Total 300

[TABLE 5.4.5]

200

150

100
162

50 6
8 56 68

0
Srongly Agree Niether Disagree Storngly
Agree Agree nor Disagree
Disagree

[FIGURE 5.4.5]

INTERPEATATION

Among the survey 8 person strongly agree, 6 person agree, 56 person neither agree nor disagree, 162
person disagree and 68 person strongly disagree to newspaper is People I know.

92
6) For inspire me

Strongly Agree 27
Agree 42
Neither Agree nor 58
disagree
Disagree 98
Strongly disagree 75
Total 300

[TABLE 5.4.6]

100

80

60
98
40 42 75
27 58
20

0
Srongly Agree Niether Disagree Storngly
Agree Agree nor Disagree
Disagree

[FIGURE 5.4.6]

INTERPEATATION

Among the survey 27 person strongly agree, 42 person agree, 58 person neither agree nor disagree, 98
person disagree and 75 person strongly disagree to newspaper is For inspires me

93
7) For Create High quality

Strongly Agree 98
Agree 48
Neither Agree nor 112
disagree
Disagree 27
Strongly disagree 35
Total 300

[TABLE 5.4.7]

120

100

80
98
60 112
48
40

20 27 35

0
Srongly Agree Niether Disagree Storngly
Agree Agree nor Disagree
Disagree

[FIGURE 5.4.7]

INTERPEATATION

Among the survey 98 person strongly agree, 48 person agree, 112 person neither agree nor disagree, 27
person disagree and 35 person strongly disagree to newspaper is For Create High quality

94
8) I connect with the writers

Strongly Agree 23
Agree 43
Neither Agree nor 87
disagree
Disagree 123
Strongly disagree 24
Total 300

[TABLE 5.4.8]

140
123
120

100 87
80
43
60
23
40
24
20

0
Srongly Agree Agree Niether Agree Disagree Storngly
nor Disagree Disagree

[FIGURE 5.4.8]

INTERPEATATION

Among the survey 23 person strongly agree, 43 person agree, 87 person neither agree nor disagree, 123
person disagree and 24 person strongly disagree to newspaper is I connect with the writers

95
9) My personal timeout

Strongly Agree 13
Agree 9
Neither Agree nor 48
disagree
Disagree 158
Strongly disagree 72
Total 300

[TABLE 5.4.9]

180
158
160
140
120
100
80 72
60 48
13 9
40
20
0
Srongly Agree Agree Niether Agree Disagree Storngly
nor Disagree Disagree

[FIGURE 5.4.9]

INTERPEATATION

Among the survey 13 person strongly agree, 9 person agree, 48 person neither agree nor disagree, 158
person disagree and 72 person strongly disagree to newspaper is My personal timeout

96
10) Makes me more interesting

Strongly Agree 123

Agree 87
Neither Agree nor 24
disagree
Disagree 43
Strongly disagree 23
Total 300

[TABLE 5.4.10]

150

100
123
87
50

0 24 43
23
Srongly Agree
Agree Niether
Disagree
Agree Storngly
nor Disagree
Disagree

[FIGURE 5.4.10]

INTERPEATATION

Among the survey 123 person strongly agree, 87 person agree, 24 person neither agree nor disagree, 43
person disagree and 23 person strongly disagree to newspaper is Makes me more interesting

97
11) Commands my attention

Strongly Agree 5
Agree 18
Neither Agree nor 138
disagree
Disagree 58
Strongly disagree 81
Total 300

[TABLE 5.4.11]

160
140 138
120
100
80 81
60 58
40 18
20 5
0 0
Srongly Agree Agree Niether Agree Disagree Storngly
nor Disagree Disagree

[FIGURE 5.4.11]

INTERPEATATION

Among the survey 5 person strongly agree, 18 person agree, 138 person neither agree nor disagree, 58
person disagree and 81 person strongly disagree to newspaper is Commands my attention

98
12) Know the story

Strongly Agree 42
Agree 58
Neither Agree nor 118
disagree
Disagree 47
Strongly disagree 35
Total 300

[TABLE 5.4.12]

140

120 118
100

80 58
60 42
47
40
35
20

0 0
Srongly Agree Agree Niether Agree Disagree Storngly
nor Disagree Disagree

[FIGURE 5.4.12]

INTERPEATATION

Among the survey 42 person strongly agree, 58 person agree, 118 person neither agree nor disagree, 47
person disagree and 35 person strongly disagree to newspaper is Know The story

99
13) Taking a stand

Strongly Agree 18
Agree 6
Neither Agree nor 42
disagree
Disagree 177
Strongly disagree 57
Total 300

[TABLE 5.4.13]

200
180 177
160
140
120
100
80
60 57
40 18 6 42
20
0
Srongly Agree Agree Niether Agree Disagree Storngly
nor Disagree Disagree

[FIGURE 5.1.13]

INTERPEATATION

Among the survey 18 person strongly agree, 6 person agree, 42 person neither agree nor disagree, 117
person disagree and 57 person strongly disagree to newspaper is Taking a stand

100
14) For Now the World

Strongly Agree 120

Agree 98
Neither Agree nor 42
disagree
Disagree 28
Strongly disagree 12
Total 300

[TABLE 5.4.14]

140
120
120 98
100

80

60

40 42
28
20
12
0
Srongly Agree Agree Niether Agree Disagree Storngly
nor Disagree Disagree

[FIGURE 5.1.14]

INTERPEATATION

Among the survey 120 person strongly agree, 98 person agree, 42 person neither agree nor disagree, 28
person disagree and 12 person strongly disagree to newspaper is For Now The World

101
15) Grabs me visually

Strongly Agree 76
Agree 42
Neither Agree nor 101
disagree
Disagree 36
Strongly disagree 45
Total 300

[TABLE 5.4.15]

120

100 101
76
80

60 42
45
40
36
20

0
Srongly Agree Agree Niether Agree Disagree Storngly
nor Disagree Disagree

[FIGURE 5.4.15]

INTERPEATATION

Among the survey 76 person strongly agree, 42 person agree, 101 person neither agree nor disagree, 36
person disagree and 45 person strongly disagree to newspaper is Grabs me visually

102
16) Makes me want to read

Strongly Agree 42
Agree 158
Neither Agree nor 76
disagree
Disagree 14
Strongly disagree 10
Total 300

[TABLE 5.4.16]

200

150
158
100

50 42
76
0
14
Srongly 10
Agree
Agree Niether
Disagree
Agree Storngly
nor Disagree
Disagree

[FIGURE 5.4.16]

INTERPEATATION

Among the survey 42 person strongly agree, 158 person agree, 76 person neither agree nor disagree, 14
person disagree and 10 person strongly disagree to newspaper is Makes me want to read

103
17) Pass it around

Strongly Agree 13
Agree 12
Neither Agree nor 57
disagree
Disagree 108
Strongly disagree 110
Total 300

[TABLE 5.4.17]

120

100

80

60
108 110
40
57
20 12
13

0
Srongly Agree Agree Niether Agree Disagree Storngly
nor Disagree Disagree

[FIGURE 5.4.17]

INTERPEATATION

Among the survey 13 person strongly agree, 12 person agree, 57 person neither agree nor disagree, 108
person disagree and 110 person strongly disagree to newspaper is Pass it around.

104
18) Ad credibility

Strongly Agree 18
Agree 28
Neither Agree nor 42
disagree
Disagree 92
Strongly disagree 110
Total 300

[TABLE 5.4.18]

150

100
28 92 110
18
50
42
0
Srongly
Agree
Agree Niether
Disagree
Agree nor Storngly
Disagree Disagree

[FIGURE 5.4.18]

INTERPEATATION

Among the survey 18 person strongly agree, 28 person agree, 42 person neither agree nor disagree, 92
person disagree and 110 person strongly disagree to newspaper is Ad credibility

105
19) Value for my money

Strongly Agree 27
Agree 42
Neither Agree nor 58
disagree
Disagree 142
Strongly disagree 31
Total 300

[TABLE 5.4.19]

150

100

50 142
42
27
58
0
31
Srongly Agree
Agree Niether
Disagree
Agree Storngly
nor Disagree
Disagree

[FIGURE 5.4.19]

INTERPEATATION

Among the survey 27 person strongly agree, 42 person agree, 58 person neither agree nor disagree, 142
person disagree and 31 person strongly disagree to newspaper is Value for my money

106
20) For Guidance

Strongly Agree 58
Agree 78
Neither Agree nor 92
disagree
Disagree 42
Strongly disagree 30
Total 300

[TABLE 5.4.20]

100

80

60 78
58
40 92

20
42
0 30
Srongly Agree
Agree Niether
Disagree
Agree Storngly
nor Disagree
Disagree

[FIGURE 5.4.20]

INTERPEATATION

Among the survey 58 person strongly agree, 78 person agree, 92 person neither agree nor disagree,42
person disagree and 30 person strongly disagree to newspaper is For Guidance

107
21) For News junkie

Strongly Agree 6
Agree 8
Neither Agree nor 162
disagree
Disagree 56
Strongly disagree 68
Total 300

[TABLE 5.4.21]

180
160 162
140
120
100
80
68
60 56
40
8
20 6
0
Srongly Agree Agree Niether Agree Disagree Storngly Disagree
nor Disagree

[FIGURE 5.4.21]

INTERPEATATION

Among the survey 6 person strongly agree, 8 person agree, 162 person neither agree nor disagree,56
person disagree and 68 person strongly disagree to newspaper is For News junkie

108
22) For Advertisement

Strongly Agree 62
Agree 98
Neither Agree nor 72
disagree
Disagree 58
Strongly disagree 10
Total 300

[TABLE 5.4.22]

98

100
62
80 72
60 58
40
20
0 10
Srongly
Agree
Agree Niether
Disagree
Agree nor Storngly
Disagree Disagree

[FIGURE 5.4.22]

INTERPEATATION

Among the survey 62 person strongly agree, 98 person agree, 72 person neither agree nor disagree,58
person disagree and 10 person strongly disagree to newspaper is For Advertisement

109
23) For Other Reason

Strongly Agree 42
Agree 58
Neither Agree nor 68
disagree
Disagree 120
Strongly disagree 12
Total 300

[TABLE 5.4.23]

140

120 120

100

80 58
68
60 42
40

20
12
0
Srongly Agree Agree Niether Agree Disagree Storngly Disagree
nor Disagree

[FIGURE 5.4.23]

INTERPEATATION

Among the survey 42 person strongly agree, 58 person agree, 68 person neither agree nor disagree,120
person disagree and 12 person strongly disagree to newspaper is For Other Reason.

110
 5 LIMITATION OE THE STUDY

Every study will have its problems and limitations at some point during the project. This study is
no different. The use of a non-probalistic sample in the research was a major limitation because
there was no way to make sure that the sample taken represented the total population of the
Newspaper Readers. A non-probability sample lacks the accuracy and precision that a
probability sample might offer. Though these samples provided a better insight about the readers
but there could be a possibility that a respondent may have read newspaper but is not a regular
part of the day. It was seen that some respondents were biased towards some questions. Another
major limitation encountered doing the research assignment was the issue regarding the time.

111
 6 Findings of the Study

1) The determinant factor is selecting a particular newspaper and age groups of the respondents
are dependent.

2) The kind of newspaper which read and the occupational level of respondents are dependent.

3) 63% of the readers are male. This explains that men community must more concentrate to
promote and popularize this newspaper.

4) Age between 20 - 40 has got maximum readers coming to 32%. The maximum readership is
between the age group of 20-40.

5) 30% of the respondents are agriculturist.

6) 55% of the respondents are the subscriber of the Divyabhsakr newspaper.

7) 24% of the respondents are subscribing Sandesh newspaper due to impartiality.

8) 95% of the respondents know about the Gujarati newspaper by self.

9) 42% of the respondents are satisfied with the quality of the newspaper.

10) 52% of the customers got the newspaper through newspaper agent.

11) 78% of the respondents are willing to maintain long term relationship with gujarati
newspaper.

12) 80% of the respondents have expectation from gujarati newspaper newspaper.

13) 44% of the respondent’s rate gujarti newspaper is good.

14) 58% of the respondent’s opinion is sports column is more attractive.

15) 58% of the respondents are not satisfied with the supplement of gujrati newspaer

112
 7 RECOMMENDATION

1) Effective advertisement through television should be telecasted to improve sales.

2) Informative article should be added.

3) With the existing constraints of printing the publisher can try to improve the paper quality and printing
style to have more circulation.

4) To add more sports news, educational news and local news.

5) To add more pages in the Sunday special publication.

6) Newspaper will be delivered at proper time.

7) The Gujarati Newspaper publication should concentrate more on its features and news of the
newspaper. They have to increase the quality of the newspaper to complete with its competitors.

113
 8 CONCLUSION

In today’s competitive business Environment Company will maintain and attain the Changing
needs and wants of readers, they can differentiate a Company’s service and develop customer
loyalty, helping to sustain profitability in coming days.

What customer wants needs to write in news paper and different different type media

To print in news paper and present what customer need and wants to write it. For example
unemployment people more than in city or place, to news only employment to more than call
form news to write in news paper.

As I completed my Major Concurrent Project in gujarati news paper in Gujarat on topic

“Customer perception to word newspaper” has given a practical picture of overall function of the
unit.

114
 9 ANNEXURE
9.1 QUESTIONNAIRE
9.2 NEWS SPECIAL REPORT

115
 QUESTIONNAIRE
Dear Respondent,
We would request you to spare your precious time in completing this questionnaire, which
would enable us to enrich our Knowledge and complete this study successfully.
Section 1. All of the questions in this section focus on your reading of the newspaper. Regardless of how much
you read the newspaper, please tell us about your experience with it - everyone’s answers are valuable to
us…..Please Tick.
1. How do you usually get a copy of newspaper? (Mark Only One)

1. Buy 2. Supplied at work 3. Public Library

4. School/ College 5. Vendor – Retailer 6. Friend
7. Other _______________ (please specify).
2. Which newspapers do you read? (Mark Only One)

1. Sandesh 2. Divyabhaskar
3. Gujarat Samachar 4. Other___________ (please specify)
3. How often do you read newspapers? (Mark Only One)

1. Daily 2. At least three times a week

3. Weekends only 4. Only once a week
5. Other _______________
4. How much time do you spend time for reading or looking the newspaper?(Mark One )

1. 1-15 Minute 2. 16-30 minutes

3. 31-45 minutes 4. More than 45 Minuit
5. How important are newspapers According to you? (Mark Only One)

1. Very Important 2. Important

3. Somewhat Important 4. Not important
5. Not important at all.
6. Which ONE of these following is the most important item you look for in
aaaaNewspapers? (Mark as many as applicable)
1. Politics 2. Foreign news
3. Cartoons 4. Business News
5. Advertisements 6. Sports
7. Entertainment news 8. Science Articles
9. Current Affairs 10. Rural news
11. Other___________ (please specify)
7. Rank the following factor that motivates you to read newspaper.
(1 highest to 5 lowest)
1. Headlines 2. Design
3. Layout 4. Picture
5. Well written stories

116
Section 2. This section asks about your reactions to An Newspaper that will appear in the Given Box.
33333333
1. Purpose of Reading Newspaper? (Mark Any One)

Strongly Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly

Point agree Disagree
1. To get information

2. To broaden the horizon of general

knowledge
3. For searching new jobs

4. For educational purpose

5. For entertainment

6. To know the sports news

7. As usual task of the day

8 To pass the time

9 It improves status in the society

10 To keep abreast with the present

happenings of all over the world

11 For getting various scholarship news

12 To improve the health consciousness

117
 2. The following statement is the advantages of reading Newspaper.
(Mark your perception regarding same)

Point Strongly Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly

agree
Disagree
Regular part of my day

Looks out for my interests

Something to talk about

Makes me smarter

People I know

inspires me

I connect with the writers

Makes me more interesting

Commands my attention

To Know The full story

Taking a stand

For Know The World

Grabs me visually

Makes me want to read

Pass it around

Ad credibility

Value for my money

For Guidance

For News junkie

For Advertisement

118
 3. According to you Newspaper is..?? (Compare This Statement Of Your
Perception . (Give the Rate on The Based on Above)

1 Strongly Disagree 2 Disagree 3 neither Agree Nor Disagree

4 Agree 5 Strongly Agree

Strongly Strongly
Disagree 2 3 4 Agree
Point 1 5

1. A newspaper is a part of a community’s character.

2. A newspaper should observe and report what

happens in the community without ever getting actively
Involved.

3. Local television newscasts and cable news networks

Have made newspapers less important.

4. The newspaper is the best overall source of news.

5. Other media, such as the local television news, do a

better job of covering events and issues in the
Community.

6. A newspaper should play an active role in improving

the community sponsoring community forums on
Important issues.

7. Investigative reporting is the most important job of a

Newspaper.

8. I enjoy reading in-depth coverage of local issues.

9. It is not the job of the newspaper to try to solve the

Problems of the community, only to report them.

10. I prefer to get news in summary form containing

Only the most important information with few details.

11. I trust the newspaper to weigh the issues and decide

What is important for me to know?

119
12. In general, newspaper reporters are fair people who
keep their personal feelings out of the stories they
Write.

13. Newspapers reporters should be suspicious of

Legislators and other government officials.

14. It is important for a local newspaper to cover local

news (examples: nearby events, local government and
Schools).

Section 3. This section asks about your some background questions so that we can compare the answers of
different kinds of people.

DEMOGRAPHICS - (Please tell me a little about yourself). (Mark Only One )

D1. Sex 1. Male [ ] 2. Female [ ]

D2. Age 1. 18-25 2.26-35

3. 36-45 4. 46 And Above

D3. Occupation
1. Self employed 2. Service
3. Housewife 4. Student
5 . Others

D4. Formal Education

1. Undergraduate 2. Greduate
6. Post graduate 4.Other

D5. Monthly Income

1. Less than 25000 2. 25000 - 35000
6. 36000-45000 4 .More than 45000

Thank you for your help with this study. Please return you’re completed
Questionnaire.

120
 10 REFERENCES

a) Books

 Encyclopedia, The world book, volume 14

 Encyclopedia, Britannica, Napoleon Ozonolysis, volume 16

 Gupta, s.p., “ Statistical methods”, s.chand & sons, New Delhi

 Kothari, C.R, Research methodology, methods and Techniques

 Pillai & Bhagavathi R. S.N. ‘Modern marketing’ New Delhi, RamNager, S.Chand &
company Ltd, 2001.

 1. Aaker, David A. (1991), Managing Brand Equity, Maxwell Macmillan International.

b) Research paper

1.Abdulla, Rasha A., Bruce Garrison, Michael Salwen, Paul Driscoll and Denise Casey, “The Credibility
of Newspapers, Television News and Online News,” A paper presented to the Mass Communication and
Society Division, Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication, annual convention,
Miami Beach, Fla., August 9, 2002.

2.Ang, Peng Hwa and Berlinda Nadarajan, “Correction Policies of Online Publications,” INET
Conference Proceedings, 1999, pages 1-15.

3.Banning, Stephen A., and Sweester, Kaye D. “ How Much do They Think It Effects Them and Whom
Do They Believe? Comparing the Third-Person Effect and Credibility of Blogs and Traditional Media,”
Communication Quarterly , Vol. 55, No. 4 November 2007, pages 452-466.

4.Brauer, David, “Trusting the News Less … And Spending More Time with it,” www.minnpost.com ,
Sept. 29, 2010, pages 1-2.

5.Chyi, Hsiang Jris and Mengchieh Jacie Yang, “Is Online News an Inferior Good? Examining the
Economic Nature of Online News Among Users ,” Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly ,
Autumn 2009, pages 594-612.

6.Craig, David A., “Excellence in Online Journalism: Exploring Current Practices in an Evolving
Environment,” SAGE Publications 2010.

121
7.Farhi, Paul, “Lost in the Woods,” American Journalism Review , March 2010, pages 1-7.

8.Flanagin, Andrew J. and Miriam J. Metzger. “Perceptions of Internet Information Credibility”

Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly , Vol. 77, No. 3 Spring 2000, 515-540.

9.Flanagin, Andrew J. and Miriam J. Metzger, “The role of site features user attributes, and information
verification behaviors on the perceived credibility of web-based information,” New Media and Society ,
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c) Websites

 www. Worldpressinstitute.org
 www. Presscounsil.nic.in.
 www.rni.com
 www.allindianewspaper.com
 www.newswatch.com
 www.shudhganga.com

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