TOPIC 4 – CHEMICAL BONDING AND STRUCTRE

4.1 IONIC BONDING AND STRUCTURE

1. Define the terms:

a. Valence electrons:

b. Core electrons:

c. Ion:

2. Recall what is the octet rule.

3. Explain how cations form. Provide an example using electron configurations.

4. Explain how anions form. Provide an example using electron configurations.

Worked Example: Refer to the Periodic Table to deduce the charge on the ion formed when the
following elements react:
1. Lithium
2. Sulfur
3. Argon

5. Identify the transition elements that have only one possible oxidation state.

6. Identify the post-transition elements that have a variable oxidation states and write their formulas and
names.
7. Define the terms:

a. Ionic bonding:

b. Ionic lattice

c. Coordination number

8. Explain how ionic compounds form, using the example of calcium and chlorine to form calcium
chloride.

9. Explain how the ionic lattice of sodium chloride is formed.

10. Describe the different properties used to identify ionic compounds.

11. Explain the possible ways one could use to recognize an ionic compound.

a. Periodic Table

b. Electronegativity table

On the Periodic Table below, label the groups of metallic elements, and non-metallic elements (use colored
pencils).