EBP Quiz

1. IRBs determine whether research studies involving human subjects will

a. Be published
b. Receive funding
c. Add to the body of nursing knowledge
d. Cause harm
2. A nurse is interested in understanding the meaning of the human experience of surviving polio.
Subject recruitment targets persons who have been diagnosed with the disease. The researcher
reflects on the data and identifies common themes in order to understand the "lived
experience." These characteristics are consistent with the qualitative research method known
as:
a. grounded theory.
b. ethnography.
c. phenomenology.
d. case study.

It is designed to provide an understanding of the patient’s “lived experience.”

3. A public health nurse is interested in determining which educational programs are needed in the
aggregates served. The researcher personally interviews individuals who are walking on the
streets in the community. This type of research design is:
a. quasi-experimental.
b. survey.
c. case study.
d. ethnography.

Survey is a nonexperimental research design that focuses on obtaining information regarding the status
quo of some situation, often through direct questioning of participants.

4. Which type of data analysis results in the non-numerical organization of data?

a. Descriptive
b. Inferential
c. Qualitative
d. Quantitative

Qualitative data analysis results in the organization of words or phrases, not numbers. Interviews are
reviewed and are transcribed line by line in an effort to group common conceptual meanings.

5. A nurse studied a community to determine if there were clients who would benefit from a
hospice program if one were developed. This type of research is:
a. Survey
b. quasi-experimental.
c. a needs assessment method.
d. a pilot study.
A needs assessment method is a study in which the researcher collects data for the purpose of
estimating the needs of a group; commonly used to prioritize the needs of an organization or
community.

6. A qualitative researcher reviews data collected with a grief support group to develop a theory of
how widows and widowers mourn. The researcher is using which qualitative research design?
a. Phenomenology
b. Grounded theory
c. Case study
d. Hypothesis generation

Grounded theory is a qualitative research approach that describes a social process and has theory
generation as its main purpose.

7. A nurse interested in life satisfaction among patients receiving hemodialysis reviews databases
and identifies relevant studies which are then statistically analyzed providing generalization
through multiple studies. The nurse researcher is using which type of research?
a. Quasi-experimental
b. Secondary analysis
c. Meta-analysis
d. Survey

Meta-analysis uses the analysis of several research studies to validate smaller studies, allowing
generalization.

8. A new nurse researcher is interested in tracing the history of nursing research. The researcher
learns that nursing research began with
a. Studies between 1900 and 1940 following Nightengale’s work
b. Studies based on the naturalistic paradigm
c. The work of Florence Nightingale during the Crimean War
d. Studies to improve patient care by doctorally prepared nurses

Nursing research began with the Nightingale during the Crimean War – More can be read in Chapter 1:
Evolution of Nursing

9. Nurses on a busy medical-surgical floor want to reduce documentation time and improve order
entry. Additionally, patient records from previous visits are often incomplete or do not include
care from other providers. To improve patient care, a taskforce suggests using an Electronic
Medical Record for 1 month to determine whether this provides the desired outcomes. This unit
is participating in which type of study?
a. Ethnography
b. Pilot
c. Secondary data analysis
d. Phenomenology

Pilot studies are small-scale studies often referred to as feasibility studies to determine if a larger more
sophisticated research study is needed.
 10. A researcher is interested in learning if elderly persons perceive their health to be satisfactory
even with comorbidities and chronic illness. A large multisite assistive living facility will be the
site. The researcher lists residents in alphabetical order and chooses every third person on the
list. To ensure improved generalizability, the researcher is using:
a. triangulation.
b. randomization.
c. informed consent.
d. a meta-analysis approach.

Randomization is a method of choosing subjects based on chance alone.

11. A researcher conducts a survey to determine the perceived health status of elderly persons
living independently at home. The same subjects participate in a phone call in which they
describe the lived experience of living with chronic illness. When writing up the research study,
the nurse would describe using:
a. a control group.
b. triangulation.
c. a pilot study.
d. secondary data analysis.

Triangulation is the use of a variety of methods to collect data on the same concept—in this situation,
quantitative research through survey and qualitative research through phenomenology.

12. A nurse is interested in learning how reminiscence therapy can improve memory in cognitively
intact persons over the age of 65 years. Findings from three groups are compared. Group 1
receives music therapy, Group 2 receives life review therapy, and Group 3 does not receive
therapy, but data are collected from all three groups and compared. Group 3 is known as the:
a. pilot study.
b. survey.
c. needs assessment.
d. control group.

A control group is a set subjects in an experiment who do not receive the experimental treatment and
whose performance provides a baseline against which the effects of the treatment can be measured.

13. Development and validation of the body of knowledge and foundation on which practice is
based is called ____________.
a. Research
b. Secondary analysis
c. Ethnography
d. Data collection

Research refines and enhances new and existing knowledge and provides accountability for nursing
practice.

14. The process of systematically finding, appraising, and using research findings as the basis for
clinical practice is
a. Evidence-based practice
 b. Research
c. Meta-analysis
d. Control group

Evidence based practice (EBP) can be defined as the process of systematically finding, appraising, and
using research findings as a basis for making decisions about patient care.

15. The informed consent documents must include: (Select all that apply.)
a. an explanation of potential risks and benefits to participants in the study.
b. medical terminology rather than lay terms to prevent misunderstanding of the study.
c. a statement on how the anonymity and confidentiality of participants are protected.
d. explanation of the cost of the study.
e. details on how to contact the investigator.

(a)Informed consent explains the study to the participants and assures them of their rights, including
their right to refuse to participate or to withdraw from the study.

(c)The informed consent must include protection of anonymity and confidentiality, voluntary
participation, compensation, and alternative treatment.

(e)The informed consent must include specific information on how to contact the investigator.

Incorrect:

(b)Informed consent is always written in lay terminology so that participants can clearly understand.

(d)The actual cost of the study is not included on the informed consent form.

16. A researcher seeks funding from an agency that limits studies to quantitative research. The
researcher can select from which of the following study designs? (Select all that apply.)
a. Survey
b. Grounded theory
c. Phenomenology
d. Needs assessment
e. Experimental

(a)Surveys collect demographics, social characteristics, behavioral patterns, and information bases.

(d)Needs assessments are used to determine what is most beneficial to aggregates.

(e)The experimental method establishes cause-and-effect relationships while also testing relationships

Incorrect:

(b)Grounded theory explores and describes a social process such as adjusting to a chronic illness.

(c)Phenomenology describes the “lived experience” of abstract experiences