Bach Inventions I will teach in order of difficulty:

Bach wrote the inventions as an exercises for his disciples who wants to learn play the keyboard.
They are composed in the imitation style showing a simple but effective style of counterpoint,
demanding a strong independency of both hands in the students.

I choose the next 6th inventions in order of difficulty to teach:

1. Invention 8 F major: this invention is very simple in his structure, it start in a canon with
the right hand followed for the left hand. It is a good invention for starting to understand
the contrapuntist style. Technically it works scales and smalls broken arpeggios, and also is
very good because it works the five fingers technique.

2. Invention 3 D minor: This invention is very good for working the theme and bass
accompanying, and it is also contrapuntist both work the accompanying bass. It works also
the long thills in both hands. It is very important that the theme is a scale with a big 6th
jump.

3. Invention 13 A minor: this invention is very special because it mix themes between hands
and at the same time both support them harmonically. It is important that theme is made
by the scales and again is vital the bass accompanying.

4. Invention 6 E major: it is a very interesting invention because the melody is broken

between both hands, in other words the melody in many times is shared in both hands. It
also works the independency of both hands and again the bass accompanying the melody.
It has a new element that is the melody is made by passing notes and ornaments.

5. Invention 1 C major: this invention is very tricky because it does not start in the beat, start
with a 16 note silence, and for instance feel this absence is very difficult for the student
unstable. Also, the key of C major it looks easy, but is very difficult to play it even.
Moreover, it share scales, the theme, thrills, between both hands. Also is very tricky that
he develop the theme in backwards in both hands and this theme modulates for many
close keys.

6. Invention 11 G Minor: It is a slow invention, but is very difficult to keep it stable because
the theme modulates many times and constantly. The left hand has a very important role
here because has a counter melody that support the right hand. Also, it has many details
ornaments that share between hands.

Bibliography.

http://allofbach.com/en/bwv/bwv-772-786/
Last · Beethoven Sonatas Op 109, Op 110, Op 111.

The last Period of Beethoven is a very interesting and introspective stage of his life. Beethoven
was looking for something else in his compositions. It is a very intellectual period, making
innovations in his music especially in the forms and style. In this period we Have the last 5 quartets
the Ninth symphony the Misa solemnis, and the las five sonatas.

In general Beethoven in the last sonatas, are very demanding for the pianist, and the reason is the
use of new elements in the structure of the sonatas, he started to incorporated new languages
specially in the structure of the composition, he also come back to the fugue incorporating in the
last movements of the. Also, the new pianistic techniques in the sonatas for the period that made
them more difficult for playing in that period. Those techniques are more related with orchestral
sounds or even thoughts that he had in mind and he want to put in the music.

I will speak about the last three sonatas op 109 op 110 op 111.

Sonata Op 109:

This sonata is the antepenultimate sonata, it was composed after the Big Hammerklavier. He
started in 1820, but he finished it in 1821.
It has three movements the first movement is a short movement and it is made in the style of the
sonata form, it is very special for the short theme at the beginning. The exposition of this
movement is just 5 seconds, it is a movement that use a lot broken chords and the melody is
broken between both hands, what made the movement very special and dedicated. It is also very
characteristic the harmonic changes in that movement.

The second movement is a scherzo followed by the attacca of the first movement, also there´s
some musicians that said that the sonata is just in tow movements because they consider the
second and the first movement just one movement.

The third movement is a variations movement and is a long movement beside the first and second
one. The theme is very serene and introspective, the variations are very well building because it is
growing up in difficulty and rhythmic complexity; also, is very genuine the way that he develop the
theme in all the variations, he share the melody between hands or with ornaments, or he makes
fugatos with the motive what is one of the characteristics more important in the late Beethoven
sonatas.

Sonata Op 110:

It is one of the most introspective and deep sonatas from the composer composed between 1820
and 1822. In this sonata he show an state of mind very deep and calm, all the structure of the
sonata is very light and delicated. The use of the motives and the transitions between themes is
one of the most principal caracteristics, because it is not the strong Beethoven that we are
accustomed to listen.

The first movement, start with a very slow introduction, but he shows the theme from the
beginning and he develops it in all the first section, the bridges between sections are very light and
delicated. The development is the expantion of theme with the moldulations of theme every
measure, it is not a big a development, similar to the previus sonata.
The second movement, is an allegro vivace with a theme that he listen in a beer bar. It is a light
scherzo with a central part, made by big scales that goes from the high part to the low and a base
that cross the scale. And goes to the high.

The last movement, it is one of the deepest and introspective movements from Beethoven, start
with an introduction with long chords and recitativos that continues with the arioso dolente he
reflects in this movement on of the most beauty and dedicated melody lines, with many silences
and syncopated notes. After the arioso dolente starts with the fugue in 4 voices, it is a huge and
slow movement keeping the motive in all the 4 voices, that ends with another arioso similar to the
first one this arioso ends with a big chords in G major and goes to the last fugue that finish with
the theme accompanying for the 16th notes making at the end a big and majestic finale.

Sonata Op 111:

The last Beethoven Sonata, it was composed between 1820 and 1822, This Sonata is in two
movements, and it is one of the most representatives Beethoven works for his difficulty and for
the structure that it has.

The first movement start with a slow movement, some pianists made the relation of this
movement with the patetique sonata. After this slow movement, start the allegro with a simple
theme in the low base, the whole movement is a kind of fugato movement with a very virtuosity
technique, with abrupt changes in the harmony and mood.

The second and last movement is and arietta and adagio semplice in variations form. And it is
similar to the op 109, he start with a semplice theme but he is developing this theme with a
variety of motives rhythmic adorns and technical difficulties, it´s consider for many musicians and
teorics the farewell to the piano.