Phy chem corre

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Absolute zero is the temperature at which

a. a graph of V versus 1/P intersects the 1/P-axis
b. gaseous helium liquefies
c. the straight line graph of V versus T intersects the T-axis
d. a graph of P versus 1/V intersects the 1/V-axis
ANS: PTS: 1

2. A gas sample occupies 4.20 L under a pressure of 800. torr at 350. K. At what temperature
will it occupy 3.60 L at the same pressure?
a. 7 K c. 408 K
b. 300. K d. 300.°C
ANS: PTS: 1

3. A laboratory technician boils an unknown volatile liquid at 56 oC and atmospheric

pressure. The volume of her flask is 2.00 L and when the liquid is gone, leaving only
vapor, the mass of the gas is 3.23 g. What is the molecular weight of the gas?
a. 38 g/mol b. 44 g/mol c. 100 g/mol d. 182 g/mol
ANS: PTS: 1

4. A 300.-mL sample of hydrogen, H2, was collected over water at 21°C on a day when the
barometric pressure was 748 torr. What volume will the dry hydrogen occupy at
STP? The vapor pressure of water is 19 torr at 21°C.
a. 267 mL b. 261 mL c. 256 mL d. 276 mL
ANS: PTS: 1

5. All of the following statements, except one, are important postulates of the kinetic-
molecular theory of gases. Which one?
a. Gases consist of large numbers of particles in rapid random motion
b. The volume of the molecules of a gas is very small compared to the total volume
in which the gas is contained
c. The average kinetic energy of the molecules is inversely proportional to the
absolute temperature
d. The time during which a collision between two molecules occurs is negligibly
short compared to the time between collisions.
ANS: PTS: 1

6. The van der Waals constant, a, in the relationship (P + n2a/V2 )(V – nb) = nRT is a factor
that corrects for
a. deviations in the gas constant, R
b. the attractive forces between gas molecules
c. the average velocities of the gas molecules
d. the volume occupied by the gas molecules
 ANS: PTS: 1

7. Which of the following gases is expected to have the largest value for its van der Waals
constant “b”?
a. O2 b. H2 c. CO d. CO2
ANS: PTS: 1

8. Which of the following statements about the first law of thermodynamics and energy is
false?
a. Kinetic energy cannot be converted to potential energy
b. Kinetic energy = 1/2mv2
c. All the energy in the universe is conserved
d. Potential energy is the energy of position or composition
ANS: PTS: 1

9. The temperature at which a gas behaves most ideal is

a. standard temperature c. ambient temperature
b. absolute temperature d. Boyle temperature
ANS: PTS: 1

10. Which one of the following thermodynamic quantities is not a state function ?
a. H b. U c. W d. G e. A
ANS: PTS: 1

11. Which of the following is not a formation reaction?

a. 4Al(s) + 3/2O2(g)  Al2O3(s) c. Ca(s) + 1/2O2(g)  CaO(s)
b. H2(g) + 1/2O2(g)  H2O(l) d. H2O(l) + SO3(l)  H2SO4(l)
ANS: PTS: 1

12. Which of the following techniques cannot be used to calculate Hrxn?

a. Calorimetry
b. Hess’s Law
c. Using melting points of reactants and products
d. Using bond energies of reactants and products
e. Using of Heats of Formation of reactants and products
ANS: PTS: 1

13. Which statement concerning sign conventions for U = q + w is false?

a. For heat absorbed by the system, q is positive
b. For work done by the system, w is negative
c. If U is positive, energy can be written as a product in the equation for the reaction
d. For an expansion, w is negative
ANS: PTS: 1

14. Evaluate H0 for the following reaction from the given bond energies.
2HBr(g)  H2(g) + Br2(g)
 HH-H = 436 kJ/mol, HBr-Br = 193 kJ/mol, HH-Br = 366 kJ/mol
a. –103 kJ b. –143 kJ c. +103 kJ d. +142 kJ
ANS: PTS: 1

15. From the following data at 25°C,

H2(g) + Cl2(g)  2HCl(g) H0 = –185 kJ
2H2(g) + O2(g)  2H2O(g) H0 = – 483.7 kJ
Calculate H0 at 25°C for the reaction below.
4HCl(g) + O2(g)  2Cl2(g) + 2H2O(g)
a. +299 kJ b. –114 kJ c. –299 kJ d. +114 kJ
ANS: PTS: 1

16. The heat of vaporization of methanol, CH3OH, is 35.20 kJ/mol. Its boiling point is
64.6°C. What is the change in entropy for the vaporization of methanol?
a. –17.0 J/mol•K b. 3.25 J/mol•K c. 17.0 J/mol•K d. 104 J/mol•K
ANS: PTS: 1

17. Which of the following statements regarding the third law of thermodynamics is incorrect?
a. The absolute S is zero at 0 Kelvin
b. The absolute S at 298 K can be positive or negative
c. The absolute S is greater at 300 K than 100 K for a given substance
d. Pure substances have positive absolute S at T > 0 Kelvin
ANS: PTS: 1

18. Based on the relationship of entropy to the degree of disorder in a system, which response
includes all the following changes that represent an increase in entropy, and no others?
I. the freezing of water II. the condensation of steam
III. sublimation (vaporization) of dry ice, solid CO2
IV. the extraction of salts and pure water from seawater
a. I and IV b. II and IV c. I, and II d. III
ANS: PTS: 1

19. Consider the conversion of a substance from solid to liquid. Solid Liquid
At one atmosphere pressure and at the melting point of the substance, _____________.
a. H = 0 for the process c. G = 0 for the process
b. S = 0 for the process d. U = 0 for the process

ANS: PTS: 1

20. Evaluate Go for the following reaction at 25°C.

2N2(g) + 3O2(g)  2N2O3(g)
H S0
N2(g) 191.5 J/mol•K
O2(g) 205.0 J/mol•K
N2O3(g) 83.72 kJ/mol 312.2 J/mol•K
a. +540.0 kJ b. +278.8 kJ c. –540.0 kJ d. –56.1 kJ
 ANS: PTS: 1

21. A system is compressed from 50.0 L to 5.0 L at a constant pressure of 10.0 atm. What is
the amount of work done?
a. 2.5 x 105 J b. 450 J c. 4.6 x 104 J d. -4.6 x 104 J
ANS: PTS: 1

22. Assuming the gases are ideal, calculate the amount of work done, in joules, for the
conversion of 1.00 mole of Ni to Ni(CO)4 at 75°C in the reaction below.
Ni(s) + 4CO(g)  Ni(CO)4(g)
3
a. 1.80 x 10 J b. 8.68 x 103 J c. –1.80 x 103 J d. –8.68 x 103 J
ANS: PTS: 1

23. Nitrosyl chloride, NOCl, dissociates on heating as shown below. When a 1.50-gram
sample of pure NOCl is heated at 350°C in a volume of 1.00 liter, the percent dissociation
is found to be 57.2%. Calculate the equilibrium concentration of NOCl.
NOCl(g) NO(g) + Cl2(g)
a. 8.76 x 10–1 M b. 9.26 M c. 9.80 x 10–3 M d. 1.31 x 10–2 M
ANS: PTS: 1

24. Suppose we let the reaction below come to equilibrium. Then we decrease the total
pressure, by increasing the volume of the container. What will be the effect on the
numerical value of the equilibrium constant, K?
2SO2(g) + O2(g) 2SO3(g) + heat
a. It increases
b. It decreases
c. It does not change
d. The question cannot be answered without knowing the value of H0
ANS: PTS: 1

25. Which of the numbered responses lists all of the following stresses that would shift
the equilibrium to the left (favor the reverse reaction), and no other stresses?
2NOCl(g) + 75 kJ 2NO(g) + Cl2(g)
I. Add a catalyst.
II. Heat the mixture.
III. Decrease the volume at constant temperature.
IV. Increase the partial pressure of NOCl by adding NOCl.
a. I, II, and IV c. II and III
b. II, III, and IV d. III
ANS: PTS: 1

26. For the gas phase reaction SO2 + O2 SO3 H0 = –1.6 x 102 kJ for the
forward reaction. In order to increase the yield of SO3, the reaction should be run
a. at high P, high T c. at low P, high T
b. at high P, low T d. at low P, low T
ANS: PTS: 1
27. For the reversible reaction below at 1500. K, Kc = 0.150 at 1500. K. Evaluate G0 at
1500. K. R = 8.314 J/mol•K = 0.0821 L•atm/mol•K
2SO2(g) + O2(g) 2SO3(g)
a. 83.7 kJ b. –83.7 kJ c. –20.6 kJ d. 14.6 kJ
ANS: PTS: 1

28. The value of Kp at 390.°C for the reversible reaction given below is 7.95 x 10–3. Calculate
the value of Kp at 25°C. H0 = 162 kJ/mol, R = 8.314 J/mol•K
A(g) + B(g) C(g)
a. 2.8 x 10–2 b. 1.8 x 10–18 c. 6.3 x 10–12 d. 3.0 x 10–14
ANS: PTS: 1

29. Given the following at 25°C and 1.00 atm:

H0
1/2N2(g) + O2(g)  NO2(g) 33.2 kJ
N2(g) + 2O2(g)  N2O4(g) 11.1 kJ
Calculate the H0 for the reaction below at 25°C.
2NO2(g)  N2O4(g)
a. +44.3 kJ b. –22.1 kJ c. +55.3 kJ d. –55.3 kJ
ANS: PTS: 1

30. For the reaction given below, H0 = –1516 kJ at 25°C and S0 = – 432.8 J/K at 25°C. This
reaction is spontaneous _____________.
SiH4(g) + 2O2(g)  SiO2(s) + 2H2O(l)
a. only below a certain temperature
b. only above a certain temperature
c. at all temperatures
d. at no temperatures
ANS: PTS: 1

31. For condensed phases

a. Cp and Cv are unity c. Cp is greater than Cv
b. Cp is almost equal to Cv d. Cp is less than Cv
ANS: PTS: 1

32. Which is not a statement of the second law of thermodynamics?

a. There could be no engine which has a greater efficiency than the Carnot engine.
b. All naturally occuring process in the universe leads to an increase in entropy
c. Absolute zero is unattainable.
d. Perfectly crystalline solids have zero entropy
e. None of the above
ANS: PTS: 1

33. U/V)T for an ideal gas is

a. the measure of intermolecular force c. unity
b. infinity d. Cv
 ANS: PTS: 1

34. The measurable form of (S/V)T is

a. (V/S)P b. (P/T)V c. (S/P)T d. (T/P)S
ANS: PTS: 1

35. Which of the following equations is Wrong ?

a. dU = TdS - PdV b. dH = TdS + VdP c. dA = -TdS +PdV d. dG - -SdT + VdP
ANS: PTS: 1

36. The degrees of freedom at the triple point of water is

a. -1 b. 0 c. 1 d. 2
ANS: PTS: 1

37. Which of the following statements is TRUE?

a. Maximum amount of work can be obtained in an irreversible process.
b. Exact differentials are path functions.
c. There is no work done in an isochoric process.
d. The external pressure is infinity during free expansion of a gas.
ANS: PTS: 1

38. Which statement is True regarding the critical point of carbon dioxide?
a. liquid and gas co-exist
b. (P/V)T and (P/V2)T equals zero
c. degrees of freedom is one
d. all of the above
ANS: PTS: 1

39. The compressibility factor Z

a. is unity for a real gas
b. is greater than one at high pressures
c. is less than one when repulsive forces dominate
d. all of the above
ANS: PTS: 1

40. An example of intensive property is

a. entropy b. density c. mass d. free energy e. volume
ANS: PTS: 1

41. Find the value of the Boyle temperature of nitrogen gas as predicted by the van der Waals
equation. a = 01408 Pa.m2mol -1 and b =3.913 × 10-5 m3 mol-1
a. 100 K c. 256 K
b. 433 K d. none of the above
ANS: PTS: 1

42. A system consisting of 2.000 mol of argon expands adiabatically and reversibly from a
volumeof 5.000 L and a temperature of 373.15K to a volume of 20.00 L. Find the final
temperature.Assume argon to be ideal with CV equal to 3nR/2.
 a. 148.1 K b. 256.4 K c. 834.2K d. 452.6K
ANS: PTS: 1

43. A 1.00-g sample of hexane, C6H14, undergoes complete combustion with excess O2 in
a bomb calorimeter. The temperature of the 1500. g of water surrounding the bomb rises
from 22.64°C to 29.30°C. The heat capacity of the calorimeter is 4.04 kJ/°C. What is U
for the reaction in kJ/mol of C6H14. The specific heat of water is 4.184 J/g•°C.
a. – 4.52 x 103 kJ/mol c. –1.15 x 104 kJ/mol
b. –7.40 x 10 kJ/mol
4 d. –5.91 x 103 kJ/mol
ANS: PTS: 1

44. Find ΔS for the reversible isothermal expansion of 3.000 mol of argon (assumed ideal) from
a volume of 100.0 L to a volume of 500.0 L at 298.15 K.
a. 87.67JK-1 c. 80.28JK-1
b. 40.14JK -1 d. none
ANS: PTS: 1

45. The expression for the expansion coefficient  of a perfect gas is

a. 1/P b. 1/V c. 1/T d. 1/n
ANS: PTS: 1

46. The standard enthalpy of formation of gaseous H2O at 298 K is -241.82 kJ mol-1
Estimate its value at 100°C given the following values of the molar heat capacities
at constant pressure: H2O(g): 33.58 J K-l mol-1: H2(g): 28.84 J K-l mol-1; O2(g):
29.37 J K-l mol-1. Assume that the heat capacities are independent of temperature.
a. -136.3 kJ mol-l c. -967.6 kJ mol-l
b. -242.6 kJ mol -l d. None
ANS: PTS: 1

47. When a sample of argon (for which = 5/3) at 100 kPa expands reversibly and adiabatically
to twice its initial volume the final pressure will be
a. 32kPa b. 14kPa c. 28kPa d. 50kPa
ANS: PTS: 1

48. The partial molar Gibbs energy is

a. activity c. chemical potential
b. fugacity d. compressibility factor
ANS: PTS: 1

49. The Joule-Thomson coefficient is measured under what conditions

a. isobaric b. isothermal c. isenthalpic d. isochoric e. isopiestic
ANS: PTS: 1

50. In the Carnot cycle, the third step is

a. reversible adiabatic expansion c. isothermal reversible compression
b. isothermal reversible expansion d. reversible adiabatic compression
ANS: PTS: 1