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LAB REPORT #6: Nervous System: /40 Marks
LAB REPORT #6: Nervous System: /40 Marks
/40 marks
EVALUATION NOTES
1. (3 marks) The CNS protects itself in 3 different ways. Fill in the blanks below.
a. First, the CNS is enclosed with bone. The bone that surrounds the brain is
called the CRANIUM and the bones that surround the spine are called the
VERTEBRAE.
b. Second, protective membranes called meninges surround the CNS. Both the
brain and the spine have 3 membranes in total – the DURA mater,
ARACHNOID mater, and the PIA mater.
c. Lastly, CEREBROSPINAL fluid (CSF) sits between the meninges of the CNS.
This fluid bathes the CNS in nutrients and helps to protect and absorb any shock
caused by body movement.
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2. (2 marks) The CNS is composed of grey matter tissue and white matter tissue.
Assign a label of “grey” or “white” to the descriptions below.
PART 2 – SPINE
3. (3 marks) Determine whether the following statements about the spine are TRUE
or FALSE:
a. TRUE Grey matter within the spinal cord has a butterfly shape
b. FALSE White matter is centrally located within the spine and the grey
matter is on the outside
c. TRUE The spinal cord has a central canal that carries cerebrospinal
fluid (CSF)
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4. (3 marks) Insert your labelled diagram of a cross-section of a spine. Make sure it
includes labels for grey matter, white matter, and the central canal.
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PART 3 – THE DIENCEPHALON, BRAINSTEM AND CEREBELLUM
5. (9 marks) Insert your picture of Figure 1 in the Lab Manual (page 48). Use the
following checklist to make sure that all required items have been completed.
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6. (7 marks) Describe the major functions of various parts of the brain by matching
the structure to its appropriate function below.
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PART 4 – THE CEREBRUM
8. (2 marks) The cerebrum can be divided into 4 main lobes. Use the diagram below
to locate each lobe. Note that the view in the diagram is from the top of the head.
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9. (4 marks) Determine the major functions of each lobe by matching the lobe to its
appropriate function below.
10. (2 marks) The brain functions above occur because of small sub-regions that exist
within each lobe. For example, the temporal lobe can achieve speech
comprehension because of a sub-region call Wernicke’s area. Similarly, the
occipital lobe allows for vision because of a sub-region called the visual cortex.
While your textbook outlines MANY of these sub-regions, you are only responsible
for knowing TWO of them for this course:
Fill-in-the-blanks:
a. The motor cortex is found in the FRONTAL lobe and allows our brains to have
conscious control of skeletal muscles, i.e. voluntary movement in skeletal
muscles. Much of the motor cortex tissue is dedicated to the face, mouth/lips,
and hands – meaning that these are places where we have a lot of fine muscle
control.
b. The somatosensory cortex is found in the PARIETAL lobe and allows our
brains to receive sensory input from the skin, muscles and joints. Much of the
motor cortex tissue is dedicated to the lips and the hands – meaning that these
are places that are highly sensitive.