ME 156 * EXAM #2* DUE ON MONDAY, 8 APRIL 2019

Email your answers to: ramosyob@gmail.com not later than 12 noon on the date afore-mentioned. Work independently.

1. Explain the principle of fire tube and water tube boilers. Mention the chief advantages and disadvantages of fire tube boilers over water tube
boilers. Discuss the chief advantages of water tube boilers over fire tube boilers. Distinguish between water-tube and fire-tube boilers and
state under what circumstances each type would be desirable. What are the considerations which would guide you in selecting the type of
boiler to be adopted for a specific purpose?

2. Explain why the superheater tubes are flooded with water at the starting of the boilers?

3. Sketch and describe the working of a Locomotive boiler. Show the positions of fusible plug, blow off cock, feed check valve and superheater.
Mention the function of each. Describe the method of obtaining draught in this boiler.

4. Give an outline sketch showing the arrangement of water tubes and furnace of a Babcock and Wilcox boiler. Indicate on it the path of the flue
gases and water circulation. Show the positions of fusible plug, blow off cock and superheater. Mention the function of each.

5. Steam at pressure of 30.23 bars and temperature of 400°C is supplied to a steam turbine and is exhausted at a pressure of 0.06865 bar. A
single bleed is taken between the H.P. cylinder and L.P. cylinder of the turbine at 2.45 bars for regenerative feed heating. The isentropic
efficiency for both the cylinders of the turbine is 85%. The temperature of the bleed condensate coming out of the heat exchanger is 10°C
lower than the temperature of the bled steam. Determine:
a. The amount of bled steam per kg of steam supplied to the steam turbine
b. Thermal efficiency of the plant. Consider no losses and pump
Work as negligible. Let the condensate coming out from the heat exchanger and condenser be led to the hot well.
6. In a condenser test, the following observations were made:
Vacuum = 69 cm of Hg
Barometer = 75 cm of Hg
Mean temperature of condenser = 35°C
Hot well temperature = 28°C
Amount of cooling water = – 50,000 kg/hr
Inlet temperature = 17°C
Outlet temperature = 30°C
Amount of condensate per hour = 1250 kg
Find:
(a) the amount of air present per m3 of condenser volume.
(b) the state of steam entering the condenser.
(c) the vacuum efficiency .
R for air = 287 J/kgK.
7. A sample of coal has the percentage analysis by mass, C-85%, H-5%, incombustible-10%. In a combustion chamber, the coal is burnt with
a quantity of air 50% in excess of that theoretically required for complete combustion. Obtain the volumetric composition of dry flue gases.
When final temperature of flue gases is 307°C and boiler house temperature is 27°C, estimate the maximum quantity of heat available for
steam raising per kg of coal. Take CP for dry flue gases as 1.005 and assume that the total heat of vapour in flue gases as 2683.87 kJ/kg. The
C.V. of coal is 32784.2 kJ/kg.

8. A sample of coal has the following molal analysis C 67.35%, H2 26.26%, O2 2.28%, N2 0.57%, S 1.37%, H2O 2.17%. Write the complete
combustion equation in stoichiometric air and calculate the coal ultimate analysis, mass percent.

9. A southern California natural gas has the following ultimate analysis by mass: H2 23.3%. CH4 72% N2 0.76%, and O2 1.22%. The flue
gases have the following volumetric analysis: H2O 15.583% SSWc. CO2 8.387%, O2 3.225%, N2 72.805%. Calculate (a) the percent
theoretical air used in combustion and (b) the dew point, in degrees centigrade, if the flue gases are at 2 bars.

10. 10,000 tons of coal are burned in a powerplant per day. The coal has an as-received ultimate analysis of C 75%, H2 5%, O2 6.7%, H2O
2.5%, S 2.3 %, N2 1.5%, ash 7.0%. It burns in excess air in a fluidized bed combustor. Calculate (a) the mass of calcium carbonate to be
added, in tons per day, and (b) the mass of calcium sulfate to be disposed of, in tons per day. (The molecular mass of calcium = 40.)

11. Write the chemical formula and sketch the molecule for the following hydrocarbons: (a) ethane, (b) ethene or ethylene, (c) decane, (d)
iso-decane (2,2,3,3 tetramethyl hexane), (e) pentatriacontane (do not sketch), (f) isobutene (2-methyl propene), (g) I,5-heptadiene (the
numbers indicate the positions of the carbon atoms that precede double bonds), (h) cyclohexane, (i) naphthalene, (j) 1-methyl napthalene
(a methyl radical CH3 attached to a carbon atom instead of a hydrogen atom), (k) tetracontane (do not sketch), and (l) dotriacontahectane
(do not sketch).

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DIESEL POWER PLANT
GAS TURBINE POWER PLANT
NUCLEAR POWER PLANT