UMER SHAHZAD

Android Development Training

JDK
OUTLINE
 Previous Lecture Overview
 JDK
WHAT IS ANDROID?
 Google's Android is the world’s most popular
mobile platform.
 It is a modified version of Linux.

“Android is a software stack for mobile devices that

includes an operating system, middleware and key
applications”.
HISTORY
 Android, Inc. was founded in October 2003 by
Andy Rubin ,Rich Miner, Nick Sears and Chris
White to develop, in Rubin's words
"smarter mobile devices that are more aware of its
owner's location and preferences".
 Android Inc. acquired by Google in August, 2005.
 At Google, the developed a mobile device
platform powered by the Linux kernel.
 On November 5, 2007, the Open Handset
Alliance came with a goal to develop open
standards for mobile devices.
 That day, Android was unveiled as its first
product, a mobile device platform built on the
Linux kernel version 2.6.
 The first commercially available phone to run
Android was the HTC Dream in 2008.
 Since 2008, Android has seen numerous updates
which have incrementally improved the
operating system, adding new features and fixing
bugs in previous releases.
VERSION HISTORY
FEATURES
 Provides us SDK for developing Applications
 Runs on Dalvik virtual machine

 Video and audio codecs

 Bluetooth 3G, and WiFi, Camera

 Integrated browser based on the open source

WebKit engine
 Optimized graphics powered by a custom 2D
graphics library; 3D graphics based
 SQLite for structured data storage

 Media support for common audio, video, and still

image formats (MPEG4, H.264, MP3, AAC, AMR,
JPG, PNG, GIF)
 GSM Telephony (hardware dependent)
WHY ANDROID?
 The ability for anyone to customize the Google
Android platform
 The consumer will benefit from having a wide
range of mobile applications to choose from since
the monopoly will be broken by Google Android
 Men will be able to customize a mobile phones
using Google Android platform like never before
 Features like weather details, opening screen,
live RSS feeds and even the icons on the opening
screen will be able to be customized
 In addition the entertainment functionalities will
be taken a much higher by Google Android being
able to offer online real time multiplayer games
ANDROID SOFTWARE STACK
The software stack is split into Four Layers:
1. The application layer
2. The application framework
3. The libraries and runtime
4. The kernel
 LINUX KERNEL

• The architecture is based on the Linux2.6

kernel. Android use Linux kernel as its
hardware abstraction layer between the
hardware and rest of the software.
• It also provides memory management,
process management, a security model, and
networking, a lot of core operating system
infrastructures that are robust and have
NATIVE LIBRARIES
 The next level up is the native libraries.
Everything that you see here in green is written
in C and C++.
ANDROID RUNTIME
 The Android Runtime was designed specifically
for Android to meet the needs of running in an
embedded environment where you have limited
battery, limited memory, limited CPU.
DALVIK VIRTUAL MACHINE
 The DVM runs something called dex files, D-E-X
and these are byte codes that are the results of
converting at build time.
APPLICATION FRAMEWORK
 This is all written in a Java programming
language and the application framework is the
toolkit that all applications use.
 Views that can be used to build an application,
including lists, grids, text boxes, and buttons.
 Content Providers that enable applications to
access data from other applications (such as
Contacts), or to share their own data .
 Resource Manager, providing access to non-code
resources such as localized strings, graphics, and
layout files .
 Notification Manager that enables all applications
to display custom alerts in the status bar.
 Activity Manager that manages the lifecycle of
applications and provides a common navigation back
stack.
APPLICATION LAYER
 The final layer on top is Applications.
 It includes the home application, the contacts
application, the browser, and your apps.
 And everything at this layer is, again, using the
same app framework provided by the layers
below.
ANDROID DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT
 Java Development Toolkit
 Android Studio or Eclipse (IDE)

 Software Development Kit (SDK)

 Android Development Tools (ADT)

JDK
JDK