Properties of Materials

Properties of common solid materials

are divided into following categories:

• Thermal Properties
• Electrical Properties
• Magnetic Properties
• Optical properties
• Mechanical Properties
• Thermal Properties: Coefficient of thermal
expansion, thermal
conductivity.

• Electric Properties: Electrical conductivity and

resistivity

• Magnetic Properties: Paramagnetic properties

Diamagnetic properties
Ferromagnetic properties

• Optical properties Refractive index Absorption,

reflection, and transmission

• Mechanical Properties: elastic modulus, shear modulus,

Poisson's ratio, and yielding stress,
ultimate stress, elongation.
 Introduction
We select materials for many components and applications
by matching the properties of the material to the service
condition required of the component.
“measure how a material withstands an applied force”
Tensile Test, Impact Test,
Fatigue Test, Creep Test
Hardness Test

The result of this test are the mechanical properties of the

material.
 Tensile Test
The most common way to assess the mechanical behavior of
a material (strength and ductility)
The tensile test measure the resistance of material to a static
or slowly applied force.

In a tension test, we collect force

(or load) vs. displacement (or time).

We use the resulting information

to assess “strength” and
“deformability”
 Tensile Test
• Modulus of Elasticity
• yielding stress
• ultimate stress
• Ductility
• Toughness