Part 2

1. Geographical Structure

Trichy is a city in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Tiruchirappali is located at 10.8050°N
78.6856°E. The average elevation is 289 feet (88 m). The city spread over an area of 146.7
square kilometres (56.6 sq mi) is situated on the plains between the Shevaroy Hills to the north
and the Palni Hills to the south and south-west. The city is situated at the head of the Cauvery
Delta.

2. Climate Change

Tiruchirappalli has a tropical climate. The summers are much rainier than the winters in
Tiruchirappalli. This climate is considered to be Aw. according to the Köppen-Geiger climate
classification. The average temperature in Tiruchirappalli is 28.8 °C. The rainfall here averages
860 mm. The driest month is March, with 9 mm of rainfall. The greatest amount of precipitation
occurs in October, with an average of 192 mm.

3. Demographics

As per reports of Census India, population of Tiruchirappalli in 2011 is 847,387. Tiruchirappalli

city has population of 847,387; its urban / metropolitan population is 1,022,518. Hinduism is
majority religion in city with 74.07 % followers and Islam is approximately 14.72 % following it
and Christinity is followed by 10.89 %, Jainism by 0.07 %, Sikhism by 0.02 % and Buddhism by
0.02 %. Around 0.01 % stated 'Other Religion', approximately 0.22 % stated 'No Particular
Religion'.

4. Consumption of Chemical Fertilizers

The consumption of chemical fertilizers are high as compared to Bio-fertilizers for agriculture
production in the district. An analysis of the trend utilisation of fertilizers, pesticides and bio
fertilizers suggest that the consumption of fertilizers had shown fluctuations, though not
significant, between 1981 and 2005-06. However, use of chemical pesticides registered a
continuously declining trend, while that of bio fertilizers is showing an upward trend.

5. Soil Properties
Loamy, Clayey and sandy alluvial soil are the soil types found in the district. Major horticulture
crops cultivated in this district are fruits crops like mango, banana, guava and acid lime,
vegetables like tomato, onion, brinjal, and tapioca, spices like chillies, coriander, tamarind and
turmeric, plantation crops like betel vine and flower crops like jasmine, marigold, crossandra and
rose,.

6. Forest Resources

The Green cover classification, for the composite Tiruchirappalli district comprising the
undivided Tiruchirappalli and Pudukkottai districts indicate that only 25.505 of the forest area
are either under dense or sparse forest cover and nearly 35 per cent of the recorded forests are
under plantations.

7. Water Resources

The Cauvery river is the most important river in the district and the tributaries of Cauvery, i.e.
Coleroon river, Koraiyar river, Ariyar, Malattar channel, Uyyakondan channel also drain in this
district. The presence of canal irrigation is found in all blocks of Tiruchirappalli with the
exception of Thuraiyur, Marungapuri, and Thathaiyangarenpet blocks.

8. Flora and Fauna

The common varieties of animals identified in the district were Indian Cobra and Vipers, which
were mainly found in the forest area of Veeramalai and Semmalai R.F in Manapparai area.
Indian Gaur (Bison), Panther, Slender Lories were categorised under endangered animals and
mostly found in all the R.F area of Tiruchirappalli district. With regard to flora, no prominent
varieties were observed in the district

9. Energy Resources

No power plant is located in Tiruchirappalli district. The Mettur Hydro Electric power meets the
electricity needs of the district. The power distribution in the district is made through the
electricity sub-stations at Tiruchirappalli.

10. Urban Infrastructure and Environmental Protection

Urbanisation in Tiruchirappalli district registered an increasing trend. As per 2001 census, the
district had an urban population of 11.39 lakhs which accounted for nearly 40 per cent total
population and distributed in Tiruchirappalli Corporation, four municipalities and 14 Town
panchayats in the district. The growth of urban population had gradually increased from 38.64
per cent in 1981 to 40.38 per cent in 2001. Tiruchirappalli Corporation is the largest urban centre
followed by Srirangam.

11. Transportation and Check of Pollution

Tiruchirappalli district is well connected with major cities in Tamil Nadu by rail and road
network. By virtue of very central location, Tiruchirappalli City has become the meeting place of
transportation lines (both road and rail) from north to south and east to west while travelling
across the State. SIDCO had established three industrial estates and SIPCOT had established one
industrial complex in the district.