Equation of Circles

PRESENTED BY: GROUP 6

 OBJECTIVES OF THE LESSON
A. Write the standard form of the equation of a circle.
B. Work with the general form of an equation of a circle.
C. Graph a circle using the standard form of the
equation of a circle.
 CIRCLE
• sum all angles inside is 360°
• a circle’s circumference is the distance around
the edge
• A circle is a set of points in the xy plane that are
a fixed distance r from a fixed point (h,k), where
(h,k) is the center of the circle and r is the radius
 Radius
B half of the diameter

Diameter
straight line segment that
passes through the center of
the circle and whose endpoints
lie on the circle
A °S C

Center Circumference
distance around the circle
Standard Form
Standard Form of a Circle
(h,k)

2 2 2
(x − h) + (y − k) = r

r If the equation of a circle is in the

standard form, we can easily
identify the center of the circle,
(h, k), and the radius, r
Standard Form of a Circle
Find the coordinates of the center and
the measure of the radius.

2 2
(x − 4) + (y − 5) = 16
To find the coordinates of the center,
simply take the opposite.
To find the radius find the square root
 Standard Form of a Circle
The center is identified as (h,k)

H units is left or right

K units is up or down
Standard Form of a Circle
The center is at point (h,k)

EXAMPLES
2 2
(x − 4) + (y − 5) = 16
2 2 2
(x + 3) + (y − 2) = 6
2 2
(x − 0) + (y − 0) = 4
2 2
(x − 2) + (y + 4) = 144
 IDENTIFICATION
Identify the center (h,k) and the radius of the circle given the standard form

2 2
(x + 1) + (y + 5) = 9
2 2
(x − 0) + (y − 3) = 4
2 2 2
(x − 2) + (y + 1) = 12
2 2 2
(x − 0) + (y − 0) = 3
2 2
(x + 15) + (y + 2) = 169
Writing in Standard Form
 Standard Form
Write the standard form for the equation of a
circle with center (3, -2) and a radius of 4.

2 2 2
(x − h) + (y − k) = r
2 2 2
(x − 3) + (y − (−2)) = 4
2 2
(x − 3) + (y + 2) = 16
 Standard Form
What if you are given the center and the radius , can you change it to the standard form?

Write an equation of a circle with center (-4, 0)

and a diameter of 10.

2 2 2
(x − h) + (y − k) = r
2 2 2
(x − (−4)) + (y − 0) = 5
2 2
(x + 4) + (y − 0) = 25
 Standard Form
What if you are given the center and the radius , can you change it to the standard form?

Write an equation of a circle with center (2, -9)

and a radius of √11

2 2 2
(x − h) + (y − k) = r
2 2 2
(x − 2) + (y − (−9)) = √11
2 2
(x − 2) + (y + 9) = 11
Writing in Standard Form
1. Write an equation of a circle with center (2, -9)
and a diameter of 6
2. What is the equation of the circle given that
the center is (-9,0) and the radius is 8
Center Radius

1 (2,6) 9 units

2 origin 12 units

3 (-7,2) 15 units

4 (10, -8) 3 √3 units

General Form
 General Form of a Circle
Every term is on the left side, set equal to 0

2 2
x + y + Dx + Ey + F = 0
where D, and E are numerical
coefficients, F is a constant.
Then, we can identify the center and
radius correctly
 General Form of a Circle
Every term is on the left side, set equal to 0

EXAMPLES
2 2
x + y − 6x + 4y + 9 = 0
2 2
x + y − 6x − 10y + 30 = 0
2 2
x + y − 10x = 0
Standard to General
STANDARD TO GENERAL
Expand and set equal to zero
2 2
(x − 3) + (y + 2) = 4
(x − 3)(x − 3) + (y + 2)(y + 2) = 4
2 2
x − 6x + 9 + y + 4y + 4 = 4
2 2
x + y − 6x + 4y + 4 + 9 = 4
2 2
x + y − 6x + 4y + 9 = 0
 STANDARD TO GENERAL FORM
CHANGE THE FOLLOWING INTO GENERAL FORM
EXPAND USING FOIL METOD
EQUATE TO ZERO AND COMBINE LIKE TERMS

2 2
(x − 4) + (y + 3) = 36
2 2
x − 8x + 16 + y + 6y + 9 = 36
2 2
x − 8x + 16 + y + 6y + 9 − 36 = 0
2 2
x − 8x + y + 6y − 11 = 0
STANDARD TO GENERAL
Expand and set equal to zero

2 2
(x − 4) + (y − 5) = 16
2 2 2
(x + 3) + (y − 2) = 6
2 2
(x − 0) + (y − 0) = 4
General to Standard
GENERAL TO STANDARD
Group like terms and put in a
STEP 1: parenthesis.

STEP 2: Move the constant to the right.

Perform completing the square

STEP 3: method, and then add the number to
the other side.

STEP 4: Factor

STEP 5: Identify the center and radius.

GENERAL TO STANDARD FORM
Identify the center and radius of the circle
2 2
x + y − 6x + 4y + 9 = 0
2 2
(x − 6x) + (y + 4y) + 9 = 0
2 2
(x − 6x) + (y + 4y) = − 9
2 2
(x − 6x + n1) + (y + 4y + n2) = − 9 + n1 + n2
2 2
(x − 3) + (y + 2) = 4

Center (3,-2) Radius (2)

 GENERAL TO STANDARD FORM
CHANGE THE FOLLOWING INTO STANDARD FORM AND
THEN IDENTIFY THE CENTER AND RADIUS OF THE CIRCLE

2 2
x + y − 6x − 10y + 30 = 0
2 2
x + y − 10x = 0
2 2
x + y + 2x + 8y + 8 = 0
Determine the coordinates of the center
and the radius of the circle:
2 2
1.
(x − 7) + (y − 4) = 64
2 2
2. (x − 2) + (y + 8) = 169
2 2
3.
(x + 3) + (y − 6) = 121
2 2
4.
(x − 9) + (y + 5) = 49
 Change the equation from standard
form to general form and vice versa:
2 2
5. (x − 3) + (y − 2) = 4
2 2
6. (x − 4) + (y − 8) = 3
2 2
7. (x + 5) + (y + 3) = 6
2 2
8. x + y + 8x + 2y + 10 = 0
2 2
9. x + y − 12x − 6y + 3 = 0
2 2
10. x + y + 10x + 14y − 2 = 0
CIRCLE ON A GRAPH
1. Realize that the circle is centered at
the origin (no h and k) and place this
point there.


2. Calculate the radius by solving for r.


Set  r-squared = 16. In this case, you
get r = 4.


3. Plot the radius points on the

coordinate plane.

You count out 4 in every direction The figure shows this circle on the plane.

from the center (0, 0): left, right, up,

2 2
and down.
 x + y = 16

4. Connect the dots to graph the circle

using a smooth, round curve.



1. Locate the center of the circle from
the equation (h, k).



Place the center of the circle at (3, –
1).


2. Calculate the radius by solving for r.





3. Plot the radius points on the

coordinate plane.

Count 5 units up, down, left, and right
from the center at (3, –1). This means
that you should have points at (8, –1),
(–2, –1), (3, –6), and (3, 4).


4. Connect the dots to the graph of the

circle with a round, smooth curve.