Destructive testing

In destructive testing (or destructive

physical analysis, DPA) tests are carried
out to the specimen's failure, in order to
understand a specimen's performance
or material behaviour under different
loads. These tests are generally much
easier to carry out, yield more
information, and are easier to interpret
than nondestructive testing. Destructive
testing is most suitable, and economic,
for objects which will be mass-
produced, as the cost of destroying a
small number of specimens is negligible.
It is usually not economical to do
destructive testing where only one or
very few items are to be produced (for
example, in the case of a building).
Analyzing and documenting the
destructive failure mode is often
accomplished using a high-speed
camera recording continuously (movie-
loop) until the failure is detected.
Detecting the failure can be
accomplished using a sound detector or
stress gauge which produces a signal to
trigger the high-speed camera. These
high-speed cameras have advanced
recording modes to capture almost any
type of destructive failure.[1] After the
failure the high-speed camera will stop
recording. The capture images can be
played back in slow motion showing
precisely what happen before, during
and after the destructive event, image by
image.

Methods and techniques

Testing of large structures
Snapshot from shake-table video of a 6-story non-
ductile concrete building

Building structures or large nonbuilding

structures (such as dams and bridges)
are rarely subjected to destructive testing
due to the prohibitive cost of
constructing a building, or a scale model
of a building, just to destroy it.

Earthquake engineering requires a good

understanding of how structures will
perform at earthquakes. Destructive
tests are more frequently carried out for
structures which are to be constructed in
earthquake zones. Such tests are
sometimes referred to as crash tests,
and they are carried out to verify the
designed seismic performance of a new
building, or the actual performance of an
existing building. The tests are, mostly,
carried out on a platform called a shake-
table which is designed to shake in the
same manner as an earthquake. Results
of those tests often include the
corresponding shake-table videos.

Testing of structures in earthquakes is

increasingly done by modelling the
structure using specialist finite element
software.

Software testing

Destructive software testing is a type of

software testing which attempts to cause
a piece of software to fail in an
uncontrolled manner, in order to test its
robustness.

Automotive testing
Oblique frontal crash test of a Dodge Dart.

Automobiles are subject to crash testing

by both automobile manufactures and a
variety of agencies.

Aircraft testing

NASA air safety experiment Controlled Impact

Demonstration. The airplane is a Boeing 720 testing
a form of jet fuel, known as "antimisting kerosene",
which formed a difficult-to-ignite gel when agitated
violently, as in a crash.
There has also been extensive
destructive testing of passenger and
military aircraft, conducted by aircraft
manufacturers and organizations like
NASA. The 2012 Boeing 727 crash
experiment was conducted and filmed
by the Discovery channel.

See also
Crash test
Hardness tests
Median lethal dose
Metallographic test
Nondestructive testing
Reproducibility
 Show and Display
Stress tests
Testability

Notes
1. Bridges, Andrew. "Video imaging puts
high-speed production line/automation
faultfinding into tiny camera heads" .
APPLIANCE Magazine. Retrieved
December 21, 2013.

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