PASSIVE VOICE ( BE+ V3)

Edison invented the light bulb. (chủ từ gây ra hành động)

The light bulb was invented by Edison. (chủ từ “được” hoặc “chịu, bị” tác động bởi một hành động.
Edison invented the light bulb in 1879.

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Công thức đổi sang passive voice theo từng thì: Be + V3

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Active (câu chủ động) Passive (câu bị động)

Hiện tại đơn Vo, Vs/es
don’t / doesn’t + V0
Quá khứ đơn V2/ed
didn’t + V0
HTTD + am/is/are + V-ing
QKTD
was/were + V-ing
HTHT have/ has + V3
QKHT Had + V3
Modal verbs will / would
can / could
may / might
should
must
have to / has to
used to
be going to

***LƯU Ý 1:
Khi đổi sang câu bị động phải lưu ý đến chủ từ là số ít hay nhiều để chọn trợ từ cho phù
hợp
 The girl paid the bills.
The bills were paid by the girl.

 They haven’t built a house yet.

A house hasn’t been built yet.

 She is cleaning the windows.

The windows are being cleaned.
***LƯU Ý 2
1) Bỏ “by + tác nhân” khi các chủ từ ở câu chủ động là:
Somebody = someone (một ai đó), people (mọi người), các đại từ như “I, you, we, they, he, she it”
She pays the bills. Someone closes the door..
The bills are paid. The door is closed.

2) Túc từ ở câu chủ động là “him, her, them, us, me” thì phải đổi sang “He, She, They, We, I” khi làm
chủ ngữ của câu bị động.
David is taking her to the park. My friend will look after him.
She is being taken to the park. He will be looked after by my friend.

3) Vị trí của các trạng từ chỉ thời gian và nơi chốn trong câu bị động.
Place by+0 time
The girls feed the cat at home everyday.
The cat is fed at home / by the girls / everyday.

4) Các cụm từ chứa thông tin phụ ( râu ria) trong câu.
*The worker built the gate carefully. *They might turn on the fan when we were out.
The gate was built carefully by the worker. The fan might be turned on when we were out.
*They have grown a big tree on the main road. *He gave me a book yesterday.
A big tree has been grown on the main road. I was given a book yesterday.

5) Túc từ ở câu chủ động là “anything (bất cứ điều gì), anyone = anybody (bất cứ ai) thì phải đổi sang
“Nothing (không điều gì), No one / Nobody” khi làm chủ ngữ của câu bị động.
We can’t do anything now. The boss doesn’t accept anybody.
Nothing can’t be done now. Nobody is accepted by the boss.

6) Chủ từ mang nghĩa phủ định như “ no one = nobody (không một ai), nothing (không điều gì)…”
Thì phải thêm “not” vào trợ từ của cụm động từ ở câu bị động.
No one can open the box. Nothing changes her ideas.
The box can’t be open. Her ideas aren’t changed.

7) Causative form ( thể nhờ vả)

Have Have
Get Get
I have the man repair the bike. I have the bike repaired by the man.
I get the man to repair the bike. I get the bike repaired by the man.

8) Động từ có hai túc từ thì có thể đổi sang hai cách. (give, send, buy, show, lend,etc)
Kate gives me a new CD. His mother bought him a cap.
=> I was given a new CD by Kate. => He was bought a cap by his mother.
=> A new CD was given to me by Kate. => A cap was bought for him by his mother.
 CHANGE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES INTO PASSIVE VOICE
A. HIỆN TẠI ĐƠN (simple present tense)
1. They don’t often wash the dishes every afternoon.
2. Frank usually feeds the dog in another room.
3. They use computers to do that job nowadays.
5. Mary doesn’t type letters in the office.
5. My father pays the meal at the cashier.
8. Lucy’s mother waters the plants in the garden every morning.
Questions:
1. Do they teach English here?
2. How does Alex explain the problem to you?
3. When do the students always write the tests in the lab room?
4. Do we find eagles in Alaska?

B. QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN

1. We packed the suitcase carefully last night.
2. The football fans drank a lot of beer after the match.
3. The local council planted hundreds of trees last year.
4. Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1875.
5. They sent me many letters last week.
6. She gave us information about the course.
7. The little boy broke the old Chinese vases yesterday.
8. The thief broke the window and took away some pictures.
Questions:
9. Did they introduce him to Mary last night?
10. Did the children put away all the toys before they went to bed?
11. When did the police see the accident?
12. Where did she throw away all of the old books last night?

C. HIỆN TẠI TIẾP DIỄN, QUÁ KHỨ TIẾP DIỄN

1. Sheila is drinking a cup of tea in the dinning room now.
2. My brother isn’t washing the cars at the moment.
3. They are taking the children to the park at present.
4. The teacher is teaching Math in the classroom.
5. We were not painting the gates now.
6. You were not driving him home.
7. Mary was cutting a cake with a sharp knife.
8. Someone was drawing this picture while you were out.
Question:
9. Is she preparing the party now?
10. Are they talking about the meeting about the new mall?
11. Why are they sending the ambassador to Europe on a special mission?
12. Was the engineer instructing all the workers of the plan?

D. Hiện tại hoàn thành

1. The cleaners have thrown away the papers I left on my desk.
2. They have closed the zoo this week for health reasons.
3. Somebody has stolen my new watch.
4. The police have not found the murderer yet.
5. They still have not solved the case.
6. They have provided the victims with food and clothing recently.
7. Our salesmen have sold all the carpets lately.
8. The zookeepers have captured the lion in the forest.

Questions:
9. Have you switched the computer on this morning?
10. How long have they built this bridge?
11. Has the old lady spent a lot of money on the new church?
12. Have you informed Laura of any change of address?

E. Modal Verbs: will, would, can, could, may, might, shall, should, must, be going to, have to + BE + V3
1. The students should send the application forms to us on Monday.
2. We cannot hold the meeting in that room.
3. Somebody may bring her the coffee this morning.
4. They couldn't sell the car at that price.
5. Lucas has to finish the homework today.
6. You must give students enough time to finish.
7. They'll pay her at the end of the month.
8. Lucy should finish the work before I leave.
9. You wouldn’t do it alone.
10. We will elect a new government next year.
11. Nobody can protects the tower well.
12. The local council is going to build a new shopping mall here.
13. They are going to write a novel tomorrow.
14. Someone must keep the girl awake.
Questions:
15. Should she keep the door closed at all times?
16. How can the student study a new language?
17. When will they remove all the cars?
18. Where are you going to put these pictures?

MULTIPLE CHOICE PRACTICE

1. The longest fish in the contest was eighteen inches long".
"It_____ by Thelma Rivers".
a. was catching b. caught c. was caught d. catch
2. "Are we about to have dinner?".
"Yes, it _____ in the dinning room".
a. is serving b. serves c. is being served d. served
3. "Where's the old chicken coop?"
"It_____ by a windstorm last year".
a. destroy b. is destroyed c. was destroyed d. destroyed
4. "We're still looking for Thomas".
"Hasn't he_____ yet?".
5."Those eggs of different colors are very artistic".
"Yes, they_____ in Russia".
a. were painted b. were paint c. were painting d. painted
6. Gold_____ in California in the nineteenth century.
a. was discovered b. has been discovered
c. was discover d. they discovered
7. All planes_____ before departure.
a. will checked b. will has checked
c. will be checked d. will been checked
8. "Where did you get these old dresses?".
"We_____ them in the old trunk".
a. were found b. finding c. found d. have been found