APA Format

Prepared by: JBC

 APA
O American Psychological Association
O Writing style and format for academic
documents
O journal articles and books.
 Text Citation
O Single Author – Author-date method

O Alvarez (2011) found that suicidal tendencies

are prevalent…

O Results show its significance to the culture

(Garner, 2011).
 Text Citation
O Two Authors – Cite both names
O If Parenthetical citation, use &
O If text, spell out and.

O …have been confirmed (Natarajan &

Chaturvedi, 2012)
O Natarajan and Chaturvedi (2012) found
evidence…
 Text Citation
O Three to Five Authors – In the first text
citation, cite all the authors.

O Kisangaua, Lyaruu, Hosea, and Joseph (2012)

found out that…
O …have presented (Kisangaua, Lyaruu, Hosea,
& Joseph, 2012).
 Text Citation
O In the second/ subsequent text citation only
the last name of the first author followed by
et al.

O Kisangaua et al. (2012) found out that…

O …have presented (Kisangaua et al., 2012).
 Text Citation
O Six or More Authors – In the first and
subsequent text citation, only the last name
of the first author followed by et al.

O Kisangaua et al. (2012) found out that…

O …have presented (Kisangaua et al., 2012).
 Text Citation
O Group as Authors
O First Citation
O The Commission on Higher Education (CHED)
explained that…(Commission on Higher
Education [CHED], 2013).
O …have stated (Commission on Higher
Education [CHED], 2013).
 Text Citation
O Group as Authors
O Subsequent Citation
O The Commission on Higher Education (CHED)
explained that…(CHED, 2013)
O …have stated (CHED, 2013).
 Text Citation
O Republished Work: Edition Other Than First
O (Creech, 2001/2016)

O Secondary Resources
O As Villa trenchantly point out, “Perhaps the
conflict seems so strong because the stakes are
so low” (as cited in O’Connor & De Loatch,
2005)
 Text Citation
O Works with No Identified Author or With
Anonymous Author
O On free care (“Study Finds,” 20014)
O The book IT Today (2015)

O When the author of a work is designated as

“Anonymous”, cite in text the word
Anonymous followed by the comma and the
date.
O (Anonymous, 2014)
 Text Citation
O Unknown Date
O Use the abbreviation, n.d. if no date for the
source is given.
O (Craig, n.d.)
Source:
*LPU Cavite Guide to Student Research
Manual