14 MATHEMATICS

2 −3 1 3 3
Example 5: Find × − − ×
5 7 14 7 5
2 −3 1 3 3 2 −3 3 3 1
Solution: × − − × = × − × − (by commutativity)
5 7 14 7 5 5 7 7 5 14
2 −3  −3  3 1
= × +  × −
5 7  7  5 14
−3  2 3  1
=  + − (by distributivity)
7  5 5  14
−3 1 − 6 − 1 −1
= ×1− = =
7 14 14 2

EXERCISE 1.1
1. Using appropriate properties find.
2 3 5 3 1 2  3 1 3 1 2
(i) − × + − × (ii) × − − × + ×
3 5 2 5 6 5  7  6 2 14 5
2. Write the additive inverse of each of the following.
2 −5 −6 2 19
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v)
8 9 −5 −9 −6
3. Verify that – (– x) = x for.
11 13
(i) x = (ii) x = −
15 17
4. Find the multiplicative inverse of the following.
− 13 1 − 5 −3
(i) – 13 (ii) (iii) (iv) ×
19 5 8 7
−2
(v) – 1 × (vi) – 1
5
5. Name the property under multiplication used in each of the following.
−4 −4 4 13 −2 −2 −13
(i) ×1=1× =− (ii) − × = ×
5 5 5 17 7 7 17
−19 29
(iii) × =1
29 −19
6 −7
6. Multiply by the reciprocal of .
13 16
1  4  1  4
7. Tell what property allows you to compute ×  6 ×  as  × 6 × .
3  3  3  3
8 1
8. Is the multiplicative inverse of −1 ? Why or why not?
9 8
1
9. Is 0.3 the multiplicative inverse of 3 ? Why or why not?
3