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Tropicalia
Tropicalia
Today, Tropic�lia is chiefly associated with the musical faction of the movement,
which merged Brazilian and African rhythms with pop-rock. Musicians who were part
of the movement include Caetano Veloso, Gilberto Gil, Os Mutantes, Gal Costa, Tom
Z�, and the poet/lyricist Torquato Neto, all of whom participated in the 1968 album
Tropic�lia: ou Panis et Circencis, which served as a musical manifesto.
Contents
1 Background
2 Musical movement
3 Influence
4 See also
5 Further reading
6 References
7 External links
Background
A dominant principle of Tropic�lia was antropofagia, a type of cultural cannibalism
that encouraged the conflation of disparate influences, out of which could be
created something unique. The idea was originally put forth by poet Oswald de
Andrade in his Manifesto Antrop�fago, published in 1928, and was developed further
by the tropicalistas in the 1960s.
Musical movement
Caetano Veloso performing at the third Popular Music Festival, October 21, 1967.
Brazilian National Archives.
The 1968 album Tropic�lia: ou Panis et Circencis is regarded as the musical
manifesto of the Tropic�lia movement. Although it was a collaborative project, the
main creative forces behind the album were Caetano Veloso and Gilberto Gil. The
album experimented with unusual time signatures and unorthodox song structures, and
also mixed tradition with innovation. Politically, the album expressed criticism of
the coup d'�tat of 1964. Key artists of the movement include Os Mutantes, Gilberto
Gil, Gal Costa and Caetano Veloso.[citation needed] According to Maya Jaggi, "Gil
was partly inspired by Jorge Ben Jor, a Rio musician on the fringes of the
movement, who mixed urban samba and bossa nova with rhythm and blues, soul and
funk."[2]
In February 1969, Veloso and Gil were arrested and imprisoned by the military
government over the political content of their work. After two months, the two were
released and subsequently forced to seek exile in London, where they lived and
resumed their musical careers until they were able to return to Brazil in 1972.
In 1993, Veloso and Gil released the album Tropic�lia 2, celebrating 25 years of
the movement and commemorating their earlier musical experiments.[4]
Influence
Otherwise the singer Clara Nunes was more representative about real tropicalism
that happened in Brazil. She made tour in Japan, Midem Festival (Cannes), Portugal,
Germany.[7]. Clara Nunes was a real brazilian syncretism woman artist in
tropicalism era. Her songs was based in historical brazil, slavery, the ordinary
life that was not simple but fill of complex detail that searching the beauty from
of unknown. Clara Nunes, was a result of tropcalism moviment (1967 - 1969). Somehow
post tropicalism helped create the social archetype to arise artists as Clara
Nunes.
Tropicalismo has been cited as an influence by rock musicians such as David Byrne,
Beck, The Bird and the Bee, Arto Lindsay, Devendra Banhart, El Guincho, Of
Montreal, and Nelly Furtado. In 1998, Beck released Mutations, the title of which
is a tribute to Os Mutantes. Its hit single, "Tropicalia", reached number 21 on the
Billboard Modern Rock singles chart.
A 2012 documentary film, Tropic�lia, was made on the subject and artists in
general; directed by Brazilian filmmaker Marcelo Machado, where Fernando Meirelles
served as one of its executive producers.[9]
See also
Lusotropicalism
Exoticism
Further reading
Paula, Jos� Agrippino. "PanAm�rica". 2001. Papagaio.
McGowan, Chris and Pessanha, Ricardo. "The Brazilian Sound: Samba, Bossa Nova and
the Popular Music of Brazil." Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1998 ISBN 1-
56639-545-3
Dunn, Christopher. Brutality Garden: Tropic�lia and the Emergence of a Brazilian
Counterculture. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2001. ISBN 0-8078-
4976-6
(in Italian) Mei, Giancarlo. Canto Latino: Origine, Evoluzione e Protagonisti della
Musica Popolare del Brasile. 2004. Stampa Alternativa-Nuovi Equilibri. Preface by
Sergio Bardotti and postface by Milton Nascimento.
References
Gildo De Stefano, Il popolo del samba. La vicenda e i protagonisti della storia
della brazilian popular music, Pr�face by Chico Buarque de Holanda, Introduction by
Gianni Min�, RAI Television Editions, Rome 2005, ISBN 8839713484
"Tropicalia". AllMusic. All Media Network. Retrieved November 7, 2015.
Jaggi, Maya (13 May 2006). "Blood on the Ground". The Guardian. Retrieved 16
October 2018.
Victoria Langland, "Il est Interdit d�Interdire: The Transnational Experience of
1968 in Brazil", Estudios Interdisciplinarios de Am�rica Latina y el Caribe, Vol.
17, No. 1 (2006)
B�hague, Gerard, Gerard. (Spring�Summer 2006). "Rap, Reggae, Rock, or Samba: The
Local and the Global in Brazilian Popular Music (1985�95)". Latin American Music
Review. 27 (1): 79�90. doi:10.1353/lat.2006.0021.
Carmen Miranda - Tropic�lia
[1] CARMEN MIRANDA: RIPE FOR IMITATION Indiana University
[2] Video Clara Nunes in Japan
Staff. "Tropicalia: A Brazilian Revolution In Sound". Metacritic. Retrieved 2008-
05-16.
https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1497880/
External links
The Best Tropicalia Albums
OBJETO SEMI-IDENTIFICADO NO PAIS DO FUTURO: Tropic�lia and post-tropicalismo in
Brasil (1967-1976) at R�dio Web MACBA
Leila Miccolis Brazilian Alternative Press Collection at the Special Collections
Division at