Riphah International University Faculty of

Computing Programming Fundamentals Lab

09 Loops

Learning Objective
1. Learn basics of C++
2. Learn how to use Loops in C++

There may be a situation, when you need to execute a block of code several
number of times. In general, statements are executed sequentially: The first
statement in a function is executed first, followed by the second, and so on.

Programming languages provide various control structures that allow for more
complicated execution paths.

A loop statement allows us to execute a statement or group of statements

multiple times and following is the general from of a loop statement in most of
the programming languages −

Programming Fundamentals Riphah International University

Lab 9: Loops Faculty of Computing
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A while loop statement repeatedly executes a target statement as long as a

given condition is true.

Syntax
The syntax of a while loop in C++ is −

while(condition) {
statement(s);
}

Example
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main () {
/ Local variable declaration: int

a = 10;

/ while loop execution

while( a < 20 ) {
cout << "value of a: " << a << endl;
a++;
}

return 0;
}

When the above code is compiled and executed, it produces the following result
−

value of a: 10
value of a: 11
value of a: 12
value of a: 13
value of a: 14
value of a: 15
value of a: 16
value of a: 17
value of a: 18
value of a: 19
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Unlike for and while loops, which test the loop condition at the top of the loop,
the do...while loop checks its condition at the bottom of the loop.

A do...while loop is similar to a while loop, except that a do...while loop is

guaranteed to execute at least one time.

Syntax

The syntax of a do...while loop in C++ is −

do {
statement(s);
}
while( condition );

Notice that the conditional expression appears at the end of the loop, so the
statement(s) in the loop execute once before the condition is tested.

If the condition is true, the flow of control jumps back up to do, and the
statement(s) in the loop execute again. This process repeats until the given
condition becomes false.

Example
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main () {
/ Local variable declaration: int

a = 10;

/ do loop execution
do {
cout << "value of a: " << a << endl;
a = a + 1;
} while( a < 20 );

return 0;
}

When the above code is compiled and executed, it produces the following result
−

value of a: 10
value of a: 11
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value of a: 12
value of a: 13
value of a: 14
value of a: 15
value of a: 16
value of a: 17
value of a: 18
value of a: 19

Lab Tasks
1. Write a program that asks the user to enter a positive integer value. The program
should use a loop to get the sum of all the integers from 1 up to the number entered.

2. Running on a particular treadmill you burn 3.9 calories per minute. Write a
program that uses a loop to display the number of calories burned after 10, 15, 20,
25 and 30 minutes.

3. A country club which currently charges 2500 per year for membership, has announced
it will increase the membership fee by 4% each year for the next 6 years. Write a
program that uses loops to display the projected rates for the next 6 years.

4. Write a program that works as math tutor for the young students. The program should
display two random numbers. The program should then pause and ask the user to enter
the answer of the two numbers displayed on the screen. Modify the program, so it
displays a menu allowing the users to select addition, subtraction, and multiplication
or division problem. Once the user select an option display the math question to user
according to the choice selected. After the user finishes the math problem, the
program should ask the user if he/she wants to run the again. If they choose to run
again display the menu again before them otherwise program should quit.
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