A coin is tossed 100 times, develop a simulation as to how many head or tails will be otained.

Probabilities
Event Prob. Cum. Lower Upper Event
Head 0.5 0.5 0 0.5 Head
Tail 0.5 1 0.5 1 Tail
Method 1

Toss Prob Event

1 0.858372 Tail
2 0.559157 Tail
3 0.343529 Head
4 0.646505 Tail
5 0.327668 Head
6 0.326408 Head
7 0.851661 Tail
8 0.089511 Head
9 0.602817 Tail
10 0.164857 Head
11 0.528073 Tail
12 0.140482 Head
13 0.512547 Tail
14 0.478747 Head
15 0.427004 Head
16 0.038016 Head
17 0.410976 Head
18 0.368182 Head
19 0.576906 Tail
20 0.76613 Tail
21 0.782884 Tail
22 0.152084 Head
23 0.253058 Head
24 0.390978 Head
25 0.949269 Tail
26 0.903521 Tail
27 0.666113 Tail
28 0.622138 Tail
29 0.548471 Tail
30 0.024918 Head
31 0.652193 Tail
32 0.548483 Tail
33 0.886429 Tail
34 0.269333 Head
35 0.601603 Tail
36 0.417166 Head
37 0.417675 Head
38 0.905312 Tail
39 0.711712 Tail
40 0.880323 Tail
41 0.572944 Tail
42 0.909531 Tail
43 0.175569 Head
44 0.878971 Tail
45 0.861718 Tail
46 0.623425 Tail
47 0.527183 Tail
48 0.108382 Head
49 0.468215 Head
50 0.572751 Tail
51 0.373883 Head
52 0.357214 Head
53 0.937657 Tail
54 0.97162 Tail
55 0.655065 Tail
56 0.755969 Tail
57 0.993436 Tail
58 0.318368 Head
59 0.629726 Tail
60 0.994881 Tail
61 0.428698 Head
62 0.733321 Tail
63 0.331526 Head
64 0.450795 Head
65 0.923662 Tail
66 0.40297 Head
67 0.939227 Tail
68 0.205472 Head
69 0.76624 Tail
70 0.580814 Tail
71 0.282912 Head
72 0.190346 Head
73 0.125499 Head
74 0.728514 Tail
75 0.48932 Head
76 0.38968 Head
77 0.228483 Head
78 0.737817 Tail
79 0.631011 Tail
80 0.456111 Head
81 0.373658 Head
82 0.201588 Head
83 0.794632 Tail
84 0.845744 Tail
85 0.806165 Tail
 86 0.030259 Head
87 0.846229 Tail
88 0.258845 Head
89 0.110041 Head
90 0.689899 Tail
91 0.923234 Tail
92 0.985659 Tail
93 0.794359 Tail
94 0.70905 Tail
95 0.353011 Head
96 0.310037 Head
97 0.775884 Tail
98 0.342111 Head
99 0.830353 Tail
100 0.196623 Head
 Method 2

Number ofFrequency Toss Event Number of frequency

Head 45 1 Head Head 45
Tail 54 2 Head Tail 55
3 Tail
4 Tail
5 Head
6 Head
7 Tail
8 Head
9 Head
10 Head
11 Tail
12 Head
13 Tail
14 Tail
15 Head
16 Head
17 Head
18 Tail
19 Tail
20 Tail
21 Head
22 Head
23 Tail
24 Head
25 Tail
26 Tail
27 Tail
28 Tail
29 Tail
30 Head
31 Tail
32 Tail
33 Tail
34 Tail
35 Head
36 Tail
37 Tail
38 Head
39 Head
40 Head
41 Tail
42 Head
43 Tail
44 Head
45 Tail
46 Tail
47 Head
48 Tail
49 Tail
50 Head
51 Tail
52 Head
53 Tail
54 Tail
55 Tail
56 Tail
57 Tail
58 Head
59 Head
60 Head
61 Head
62 Head
63 Tail
64 Head
65 Tail
66 Head
67 Tail
68 Tail
69 Head
70 Head
71 Head
72 Head
73 Tail
74 Head
75 Head
76 Tail
77 Tail
78 Tail
79 Tail
80 Head
81 Tail
82 Tail
83 Head
84 Tail
85 Tail
 86 Tail
87 Tail
88 Tail
89 Head
90 Tail
91 Head
92 Head
93 Tail
94 Head
95 Tail
96 Tail
97 Head
98 Tail
99 Tail
100 Head
Simulate the rolling of a pair of dice 20 times and compute the mean value on the basis of
simulated values.

1 2 3 4 5 6 Sum Freq Prob Cum

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 2 1 0.027778 0.027778
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 3 2 0.055556 0.083333
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 4 3 0.083333 0.166667
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 5 4 0.111111 0.277778
5 6 7 8 9 10 11 6 5 0.138889 0.416667
6 7 8 9 10 11 12 7 6 0.166667 0.583333
8 5 0.138889 0.722222
9 4 0.111111 0.833333
10 3 0.083333 0.916667
11 2 0.055556 0.972222
12 1 0.027778 1
36
 Simulation
Cum Prob Rolling of Dice Prob Sum Sum
Lower Upper Sum 1 0.3322385652 6 2
0 0.027778 2 2 0.2347405896 5 3
0.027778 0.083333 3 3 0.2343422075 5 4
0.083333 0.166667 4 4 0.3704900426 6 5
0.166667 0.277778 5 5 0.4618387611 7 6
0.277778 0.416667 6 6 0.8796455807 10 7
0.416667 0.583333 7 7 0.2404074909 5 8
0.583333 0.722222 8 8 0.644173938 8 9
0.722222 0.833333 9 9 0.7556659465 9 10
0.833333 0.916667 10 10 0.3231087569 6 11
0.916667 0.972222 11 11 0.0894416357 4 12
0.972222 1 12 12 0.6121812686 8 Mean
13 0.6095251849 8
14 0.0791483172 3
15 0.5828055763 7
16 0.3550114785 6
17 0.1808173704 5
18 0.6107723226 8
19 0.1465964864 4
20 0.9407052109 11
Freq
0
1
2 mean
4 7.0
4
2
4
1
1
1
0
7
Chart Given below contains the number of units sold of a product and its related frequency,
you are required to develop a simulation for next 10 days period. Find the revenue if the
constant price of Rs. 25 is charged per unit.
Xm is the average of minimum
and maximum of quantity

X Prob
Min Max Prob Cum Lower Upper Xm
0 5 0.1 0.1 0 0.1 3
6 10 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.3 8
11 15 0.18 0.48 0.3 0.48 13
16 20 0.2 0.68 0.48 0.68 18
21 25 0.12 0.8 0.68 0.8 23
26 30 0.1 0.9 0.8 0.9 28
31 35 0.1 1 0.9 1 33

Lower and Upper probabilities have been computed with the help of Cumulative
Probability. It starts from the lower up to the maximum cumulative for each group.
 Random Number is generated and then trough
Vlookup that random number is looked for in lower
and upper probabilites and then the corresponding
age of minimum quantity is returned.
of quantity =VLOOKUP(RAND(),$G$5:$I$11,3,TRUE)

Day Quantity Revenue

1 13 325
2 8 200
3 18 450
4 3 75
5 8 200
6 3 75
7 23 575
8 8 200
9 18 450
10 3 75
Mean 10.5 262.5
SD 6.80 170.02
Performance of the employees is rated on 10 points Scale 10. 1 means lowest performance and 10 means the
highest performance. The probabilities of specific perfromance for 10 different employees are in the table given
below. You are required to run 30 days simulation to see whether someone is below the lower accepted
performance of 5.

Limits Performance of the Employees

Lower Upper 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Prob
0 0.2 4 2 5 4 3 4 3 5 4 2 0.2
0.2 0.4 6 4 7 5 4 5 4 6 5 3 0.2
0.4 0.7 8 5 8 6 5 6 4.5 7 6 4 0.3
0.7 0.9 9 4 9 7 6 7 6 8 7 5 0.2
0.9 1 10 7 10 8 7 8 7 0 8 6 0.1

Pefromanc Should be more than 5 on average

Simulated Performance of the Employees

Day Emp1 Emp2 Emp3 Emp4 Emp5 Emp6 Emp7 Emp8 Emp9 Emp10
1 8 4 7 6 5 4 6 7 8 5
2 9 4 8 6 4 5 4.5 5 6 3
3 8 5 10 8 3 5 6 8 7 5
4 4 5 5 4 5 5 3 6 6 4
5 9 7 5 7 6 8 7 8 8 4
6 4 5 8 6 6 6 6 0 5 2
7 4 5 8 4 7 5 3 7 5 3
8 9 4 10 6 3 5 6 8 6 4
9 4 2 5 7 4 6 4.5 7 5 2
10 4 4 8 8 6 7 4.5 7 8 4
11 4 4 9 6 7 5 6 6 8 4
12 4 5 9 6 5 8 4.5 8 4 5
13 4 5 10 4 4 8 3 8 6 4
14 9 4 8 7 7 5 4.5 6 5 2
15 4 4 9 6 4 6 3 6 6 4
16 4 2 8 6 5 5 4.5 6 4 6
17 8 4 9 4 6 6 3 5 4 3
18 9 2 7 5 5 5 6 6 5 4
19 8 7 9 4 5 6 4 6 7 4
20 4 5 7 4 6 5 4 8 6 2
21 8 2 8 6 7 6 4.5 8 6 4
22 9 5 8 6 5 5 4.5 6 7 2
23 8 5 10 7 6 8 4.5 0 6 5
24 8 4 7 8 4 7 3 5 4 6
25 6 5 8 5 5 4 4.5 7 6 5
26 4 5 8 7 5 5 4.5 6 8 5
27 8 4 10 7 4 7 3 8 7 4
28 8 5 5 4 7 4 7 5 5 4
 29 6 2 5 5 7 7 4.5 7 6 4
30 9 5 8 4 4 7 3 6 8 5
Avg 6.5 4.3 7.9 5.8 5.2 5.8 4.5 6.2 6.1 3.9
Warn No Yes No No No No Yes No No Yes
wornin wornin worning
Given below are the three tables containing price, cost and quantity Sold. You have to run simulation to calculate profit.
The fixed cost per period is 120,000.
Simulating Marketing conditions for a new product

Product Selling Price Variable Cost

Limits Limits
Lower Upper Price P Lower Upper Cost
0 0.3 22 0.3 0 0.4 18
0.3 0.7 24 0.4 0.4 0.8 20
0.7 1 27 0.3 0.8 1 22

Capital
Investment 120000
Trial Price Cost Volume Profit
1 24 22 40000 -40000
2 22 18 40000 160000
3 24 18 50000 300000
4 24 18 50000 300000
5 22 18 50000 200000
6 22 20 45000 90000
7 24 20 45000 180000
8 24 18 40000 240000
9 24 22 50000 100000
10 27 18 50000 450000
11 22 22 45000 0
12 22 18 40000 160000
13 22 20 45000 90000
14 24 20 45000 180000
15 24 20 50000 200000
16 22 18 40000 160000
17 24 18 40000 240000
18 24 18 50000 300000
19 24 22 45000 90000
20 27 20 40000 280000
Avg. Profit 184000
to calculate profit.

Product Sales
Limits
P Lower Upper Sales P
0.4 0 0.25 40000 0.25
0.4 0.25 0.75 45000 0.5
0.2 0.75 1 50000 0.25
Simulation Production Demand Difference
Demand Labours Availability
Limits Limits
Lower Upper Units Prob Lower Upper
0 0.15 2400 0.15 0 0.2
0.15 0.35 2600 0.2 0.2 0.5
0.35 0.65 3000 0.3 0.5 0.8
0.65 0.85 3400 0.2 0.8 1
0.85 1 3800 0.15
Total Labors 100
Labor Hours 8
Units /Hour 5

Labor Units Unit

Day Demand Available Produced Difference Report
1 3000 75 3000 0 OK
2 3800 85 3400 -400 Less
3 3000 85 3400 400 More
4 2600 75 3000 400 More
5 3800 85 3400 -400 Less
6 3400 75 3000 -400 Less
7 3400 75 3000 -400 Less
8 3800 75 3000 -800 Less
9 3800 70 2800 -1000 Less
10 2600 85 3400 800 More
11 3800 85 3400 -400 Less
12 3000 75 3000 0 OK
bility

Labor Absent Prob

15 0.2
20 0.3
25 0.3
30 0.2
The following table shows the probability of the arrival of the customers at shop in a rush hour. Run a simulation of 100 rush
hours to see on average how many custoemrs come in rush hour. Another table shows the amount purcahsed by each
customer. Runs simulation twice once for the average number of purchases and the second time for the amount purchased
by the customers arrived. There shouls be total 10 simulations.
Cumulative
Purchase
Customers Prob Min Max Customers amount
5 0.2 0 0.2 5 500
6 0.25 0.2 0.45 6 600
7 0.2 0.45 0.65 7 700
8 0.15 0.65 0.8 8 800
9 0.12 0.8 0.92 9 900
10 0.08 0.92 1 10 1000
Amount Purschsed by Each Custom
Simulation Number of Custo 1 2 3 4
1 7 900 500 600 700
2 8 500 900 600 600
3 8 800 600 700 600
4 8 600 800 600 500
5 6 500 900 500 600
6 9 700 700 900 900
7 6 700 900 700 500
8 7 700 500 1000 1000
9 6 900 700 800 500
10 8 500 700 700 700
 ur. Run a simulation of 100 rush
mount purcahsed by each
time for the amount purchased

Cumulative
Purchase
Prob Min Max amount
0.25 0 0.25 500
0.2 0.25 0.45 600
0.25 0.45 0.7 700
0.15 0.7 0.85 800
0.1 0.85 0.95 900
0.05 0.95 1 1000
Amount Purschsed by Each Customer
5 6 7 8 9 10 Average
800 500 500 642.8571
600 600 700 800 662.5
500 500 500 700 612.5
500 500 800 1000 662.5
700 600 633.3333
500 600 500 600 600 666.6667
700 500 666.6667
500 700 600 714.2857
500 700 683.3333
800 700 900 600 700
A cycle trader is selling Bicyles, Mopeds and Child Seats. The unit profit for Bicyles, Mopeds and
Child Seats are 100, 300 and 50. The capital required for Bicyles, Mopeds and Child Seats per
unit are 300, 1200 and 120. the Total capital avilable with the trader is 93000. The another
constraint is the area occupied. Bicyles, Mopeds and Child seats occupy 0.5 m2, 1 m2 and 0.5
m2. the total speace available is 101 m2. Find how many units of each product must be bought
to maximize the profit.

b m c used
capital 300 1200 120 93000 <=
Area 0.5 1 0.5 101 <=

quantity 94 54 0
unit profit 100 300 50
 Bicyles, Mopeds and
and Child Seats per
3000. The another
.5 m2, 1 m2 and 0.5
duct must be bought

Avaliabe
93000
101

total profit
25600
 Product
Machine A B
Min/Unit M/C Daily Hours Req Min Avail Min A Avail Min b
K 20 10 7 8 500 <= 3360
L 15 20 7 8 625 <= 3360
M 0 25 4 8 500 <= 1920

X 200 300 9000 <= 50000

Y 200 150 6000 <= 40000
Total Profit
Unit Profit 15 20 35
Qunatity 1 1
Avail Min b
The quarries are to be used for production with two constraints. One constraint is the warehouse requirement and
production capacity. The objective is to minimize the cost. The cost of transportion is given in table 1. The producti
available from query 1, 2, and 3 are 200, 100 and 150 tonnes repectively. The required amount at different wareho
90, 100, 70 and 60 for warehouse 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 respectively.
Transport cost per tonne
Quarry 1 2 3 4 5
1 5 1 6 3 1
2 2 3 4 5 4
3 4 2 3 2 3
QUANTITY
Quarry 1 2 3 4 5
1 0 90 0 20 60
2 80 0 0 0 0
3 0 0 100 50 0

SUPPLIED 80 90 100 70 60
= = = = =
DEMAND 80 90 100 70 60
the warehouse requirement and the other is
n is given in table 1. The production capacity
ired amount at different warehouses are 80,
espectively.

PRODUCED CPACITY
170 <= 200
80 <= 100
150 <= 150

TOTAL COST
770
 Three persons are being assigned to perform three tasks. the Cost attached with the tasks are given belo
assigned only one task and each task is to be completed in a way to minimize the cost of pro

Cost Task1 Task2 Task3

Person1 40 47 80
Person2 72 36 58
Person3 24 61 71

ASSIGNMENT Task1 Task2 Task3 TASK ASSIGNED

Person1 0 1 0 1 <=
Person2 0 0 1 1 <=
Person3 1 0 0 1 <=

supply 1 1 1 total cost

= = = 129
demand 1 1 1

24 47 58 129
d with the tasks are given below. One person will be
way to minimize the cost of production.

1
1
1